CWE-362
Allowed-with-ReviewConcurrent Execution using Shared Resource with Improper Synchronization ('Race Condition')
Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft
The product contains a concurrent code sequence that requires temporary, exclusive access to a shared resource, but a timing window exists in which the shared resource can be modified by another code sequence operating concurrently.
2926 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-95G2-C79H-GR6C
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-03-17 00:00 – Updated: 2022-03-24 00:00In gasket_alloc_coherent_memory of gasket_page_table.c, there is a possible memory corruption due to a race condition. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with System execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android kernelAndroid ID: A-151455484References: N/A
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-39735"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-362"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-03-16T15:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "In gasket_alloc_coherent_memory of gasket_page_table.c, there is a possible memory corruption due to a race condition. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with System execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android kernelAndroid ID: A-151455484References: N/A",
"id": "GHSA-95g2-c79h-gr6c",
"modified": "2022-03-24T00:00:33Z",
"published": "2022-03-17T00:00:37Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-39735"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/pixel/2022-03-01"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-95W7-9JC2-96GF
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 00:18 – Updated: 2022-05-17 00:18Race condition in the Zone-Based Firewall in Cisco IOS 15.1 and 15.2, when IPS policies are configured, allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (device crash) by sending IPv6 packets, aka Bug ID CSCtk53534.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2012-1324"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-362"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2012-05-03T20:55:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Race condition in the Zone-Based Firewall in Cisco IOS 15.1 and 15.2, when IPS policies are configured, allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (device crash) by sending IPv6 packets, aka Bug ID CSCtk53534.",
"id": "GHSA-95w7-9jc2-96gf",
"modified": "2022-05-17T00:18:08Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T00:18:08Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2012-1324"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/75414"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.cisco.com/en/US/docs/ios/15_1/release/notes/151-3TCAVS.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-9623-MQMM-5RCF
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-08-21 15:30 – Updated: 2026-01-19 06:30A vulnerability was found in Undertow where the ProxyProtocolReadListener reuses the same StringBuilder instance across multiple requests. This issue occurs when the parseProxyProtocolV1 method processes multiple requests on the same HTTP connection. As a result, different requests may share the same StringBuilder instance, potentially leading to information leakage between requests or responses. In some cases, a value from a previous request or response may be erroneously reused, which could lead to unintended data exposure. This issue primarily results in errors and connection termination but creates a risk of data leakage in multi-request environments.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "io.undertow:undertow-core"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.2.36.Final"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "io.undertow:undertow-core"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "2.3.0.Alpha1"
},
{
"fixed": "2.3.17.Final"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-7885"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-362"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2024-08-21T20:08:37Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2024-08-21T14:15:09Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A vulnerability was found in Undertow where the ProxyProtocolReadListener reuses the same StringBuilder instance across multiple requests. This issue occurs when the parseProxyProtocolV1 method processes multiple requests on the same HTTP connection. As a result, different requests may share the same StringBuilder instance, potentially leading to information leakage between requests or responses. In some cases, a value from a previous request or response may be erroneously reused, which could lead to unintended data exposure. This issue primarily results in errors and connection termination but creates a risk of data leakage in multi-request environments.",
"id": "GHSA-9623-mqmm-5rcf",
"modified": "2026-01-19T06:30:27Z",
"published": "2024-08-21T15:30:54Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-7885"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/undertow-io/undertow/commit/ce5182c37376982ef0abee34fce0d8c0aab0fab8"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/undertow-io/undertow/commit/80c125e09068ac52ed0a9acde266ef12f8ed7ae1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20241011-0004"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/undertow-io/undertow/blob/182e4ca1543c52f438b0244c930dca3d8b6e68e3/core/src/main/java/io/undertow/server/protocol/proxy/ProxyProtocolReadListener.java"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/undertow-io/undertow"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2305290"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2024-7885"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:0743"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:16667"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:8080"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:7736"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:7735"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:7442"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:7441"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:6883"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:6508"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:11023"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "Undertow vulnerable to Race Condition"
}
GHSA-964R-R86J-R398
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-05-09 18:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 03:56Windows Graphics Component Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-24899"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-362"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-05-09T18:15:11Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Windows Graphics Component Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability",
"id": "GHSA-964r-r86j-r398",
"modified": "2024-04-04T03:56:09Z",
"published": "2023-05-09T18:30:36Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-24899"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2023-24899"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-965F-G96X-3W5J
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-05-26 18:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 04:21The Gallery app has the risk of hijacking attacks. Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may cause download failures and affect product availability.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-31225"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-362"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-05-26T17:15:17Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "The Gallery app has the risk of hijacking attacks. Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may cause download failures and affect product availability.",
"id": "GHSA-965f-g96x-3w5j",
"modified": "2024-04-04T04:21:10Z",
"published": "2023-05-26T18:30:21Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-31225"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://consumer.huawei.com/en/support/bulletin/2023/5"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-966J-527F-VMHP
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 05:23 – Updated: 2024-03-21 03:33** DISPUTED ** Race condition in ZoneAlarm Extreme Security 9.1.507.000 on Windows XP allows local users to bypass kernel-mode hook handlers, and execute dangerous code that would otherwise be blocked by a handler but not blocked by signature-based malware detection, via certain user-space memory changes during hook-handler execution, aka an argument-switch attack or a KHOBE attack. NOTE: this issue is disputed by some third parties because it is a flaw in a protection mechanism for situations where a crafted program has already begun to execute.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2010-5184"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-362"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2012-08-25T21:55:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "** DISPUTED ** Race condition in ZoneAlarm Extreme Security 9.1.507.000 on Windows XP allows local users to bypass kernel-mode hook handlers, and execute dangerous code that would otherwise be blocked by a handler but not blocked by signature-based malware detection, via certain user-space memory changes during hook-handler execution, aka an argument-switch attack or a KHOBE attack. NOTE: this issue is disputed by some third parties because it is a flaw in a protection mechanism for situations where a crafted program has already begun to execute.",
"id": "GHSA-966j-527f-vmhp",
"modified": "2024-03-21T03:33:10Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T05:23:50Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2010-5184"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://archives.neohapsis.com/archives/bugtraq/2010-05/0026.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://archives.neohapsis.com/archives/fulldisclosure/2010-05/0066.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://countermeasures.trendmicro.eu/you-just-cant-trust-a-drunk"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://matousec.com/info/advisories/khobe-8.0-earthquake-for-windows-desktop-security-software.php"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://matousec.com/info/articles/khobe-8.0-earthquake-for-windows-desktop-security-software.php"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.f-secure.com/weblog/archives/00001949.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.osvdb.org/67660"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/39924"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.theregister.co.uk/2010/05/07/argument_switch_av_bypass"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-9682-J923-Q58C
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:35 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:35Slurm before 19.05.8 and 20.x before 20.02.6 exposes Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor because xauth for X11 magic cookies is affected by a race condition in a read operation on the /proc filesystem.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-27746"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-362",
"CWE-922"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2020-11-27T18:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Slurm before 19.05.8 and 20.x before 20.02.6 exposes Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor because xauth for X11 magic cookies is affected by a race condition in a read operation on the /proc filesystem.",
"id": "GHSA-9682-j923-q58c",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:35:01Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:35:01Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-27746"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2021/dsa-4841"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.schedmd.com/news.php"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-96FH-G7CH-V87P
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-01-14 03:30 – Updated: 2026-01-14 03:30Multi-thread race condition vulnerability in the card framework module. Impact: Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may affect availability.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-68956"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-362"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-01-14T02:15:50Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Multi-thread race condition vulnerability in the card framework module.\nImpact: Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may affect availability.",
"id": "GHSA-96fh-g7ch-v87p",
"modified": "2026-01-14T03:30:25Z",
"published": "2026-01-14T03:30:25Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-68956"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://consumer.huawei.com/en/support/bulletin/2026/1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://consumer.huawei.com/en/support/bulletinlaptops/2026/1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://consumer.huawei.com/en/support/bulletinwearables/2026/1"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-96GR-7MGW-2637
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-04-17 12:32 – Updated: 2026-05-12 12:31In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
wifi: ath9k: delay all of ath9k_wmi_event_tasklet() until init is complete
The ath9k_wmi_event_tasklet() used in ath9k_htc assumes that all the data structures have been fully initialised by the time it runs. However, because of the order in which things are initialised, this is not guaranteed to be the case, because the device is exposed to the USB subsystem before the ath9k driver initialisation is completed.
We already committed a partial fix for this in commit: 8b3046abc99e ("ath9k_htc: fix NULL pointer dereference at ath9k_htc_tx_get_packet()")
However, that commit only aborted the WMI_TXSTATUS_EVENTID command in the event tasklet, pairing it with an "initialisation complete" bit in the TX struct. It seems syzbot managed to trigger the race for one of the other commands as well, so let's just move the existing synchronisation bit to cover the whole tasklet (setting it at the end of ath9k_htc_probe_device() instead of inside ath9k_tx_init()).
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-26897"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-362"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-04-17T11:15:10Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nwifi: ath9k: delay all of ath9k_wmi_event_tasklet() until init is complete\n\nThe ath9k_wmi_event_tasklet() used in ath9k_htc assumes that all the data\nstructures have been fully initialised by the time it runs. However, because of\nthe order in which things are initialised, this is not guaranteed to be the\ncase, because the device is exposed to the USB subsystem before the ath9k driver\ninitialisation is completed.\n\nWe already committed a partial fix for this in commit:\n8b3046abc99e (\"ath9k_htc: fix NULL pointer dereference at ath9k_htc_tx_get_packet()\")\n\nHowever, that commit only aborted the WMI_TXSTATUS_EVENTID command in the event\ntasklet, pairing it with an \"initialisation complete\" bit in the TX struct. It\nseems syzbot managed to trigger the race for one of the other commands as well,\nso let\u0027s just move the existing synchronisation bit to cover the whole\ntasklet (setting it at the end of ath9k_htc_probe_device() instead of inside\nath9k_tx_init()).",
"id": "GHSA-96gr-7mgw-2637",
"modified": "2026-05-12T12:31:38Z",
"published": "2024-04-17T12:32:05Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-26897"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-265688.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1bc5461a21c56a36e2a7d81e152b90ce019a3905"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/24355fcb0d4cbcb6ddda262596558e8cfba70f11"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/4afa0246656d5680c8a4c3fb37ba6570c4ab819b"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/74d0639261dd795dce958d1b14815bdcbb48a715"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a015fbf698c8957aa5fbeefc5c59dd2cf3107298"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ac90e22e735bac44f74b5161fb096fbeb0ff8bc2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f8ff4b4df71e87f609be0cc37d92e918107f9b90"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2024/06/msg00017.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-96W3-P368-4H8C
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2021-08-25 20:46 – Updated: 2023-06-13 18:17ArcIntern::drop has a race condition where it can release memory which is about to get another user. The new user will get a reference to freed memory.
This was fixed by serializing access to an interned object while it is being deallocated.
Versions prior to 0.3.12 used stronger locking which avoided the problem.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "crates.io",
"name": "internment"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0.3.12"
},
{
"fixed": "0.4.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-35874"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-362"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2021-08-19T21:19:06Z",
"nvd_published_at": null,
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "ArcIntern::drop has a race condition where it can release memory which is about to get another user. The new user will get a reference to freed memory.\n\nThis was fixed by serializing access to an interned object while it is being deallocated.\n\nVersions prior to 0.3.12 used stronger locking which avoided the problem.",
"id": "GHSA-96w3-p368-4h8c",
"modified": "2023-06-13T18:17:00Z",
"published": "2021-08-25T20:46:51Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-35874"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/droundy/internment/issues/11"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/droundy/internment"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://rustsec.org/advisories/RUSTSEC-2020-0017.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Use after free in internment"
}
Mitigation
In languages that support it, use synchronization primitives. Only wrap these around critical code to minimize the impact on performance.
Mitigation
Use thread-safe capabilities such as the data access abstraction in Spring.
Mitigation
- Minimize the usage of shared resources in order to remove as much complexity as possible from the control flow and to reduce the likelihood of unexpected conditions occurring.
- Additionally, this will minimize the amount of synchronization necessary and may even help to reduce the likelihood of a denial of service where an attacker may be able to repeatedly trigger a critical section (CWE-400).
Mitigation
When using multithreading and operating on shared variables, only use thread-safe functions.
Mitigation
Use atomic operations on shared variables. Be wary of innocent-looking constructs such as "x++". This may appear atomic at the code layer, but it is actually non-atomic at the instruction layer, since it involves a read, followed by a computation, followed by a write.
Mitigation
Use a mutex if available, but be sure to avoid related weaknesses such as CWE-412.
Mitigation
Avoid double-checked locking (CWE-609) and other implementation errors that arise when trying to avoid the overhead of synchronization.
Mitigation
Disable interrupts or signals over critical parts of the code, but also make sure that the code does not go into a large or infinite loop.
Mitigation
Use the volatile type modifier for critical variables to avoid unexpected compiler optimization or reordering. This does not necessarily solve the synchronization problem, but it can help.
Mitigation MIT-17
Strategy: Environment Hardening
Run your code using the lowest privileges that are required to accomplish the necessary tasks [REF-76]. If possible, create isolated accounts with limited privileges that are only used for a single task. That way, a successful attack will not immediately give the attacker access to the rest of the software or its environment. For example, database applications rarely need to run as the database administrator, especially in day-to-day operations.
CAPEC-26: Leveraging Race Conditions
The adversary targets a race condition occurring when multiple processes access and manipulate the same resource concurrently, and the outcome of the execution depends on the particular order in which the access takes place. The adversary can leverage a race condition by "running the race", modifying the resource and modifying the normal execution flow. For instance, a race condition can occur while accessing a file: the adversary can trick the system by replacing the original file with their version and cause the system to read the malicious file.
CAPEC-29: Leveraging Time-of-Check and Time-of-Use (TOCTOU) Race Conditions
This attack targets a race condition occurring between the time of check (state) for a resource and the time of use of a resource. A typical example is file access. The adversary can leverage a file access race condition by "running the race", meaning that they would modify the resource between the first time the target program accesses the file and the time the target program uses the file. During that period of time, the adversary could replace or modify the file, causing the application to behave unexpectedly.