CWE-362
Allowed-with-ReviewConcurrent Execution using Shared Resource with Improper Synchronization ('Race Condition')
Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft
The product contains a concurrent code sequence that requires temporary, exclusive access to a shared resource, but a timing window exists in which the shared resource can be modified by another code sequence operating concurrently.
2925 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-62XG-239J-VXG7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-02 04:00 – Updated: 2024-10-15 16:14Race condition in the FTPHandler class in ftpserver.py in pyftpdlib before 0.5.2 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (daemon outage) by establishing and then immediately closing a TCP connection, leading to the getpeername function having an ENOTCONN error, a different vulnerability than CVE-2010-3494.
{
"affected": [
{
"database_specific": {
"last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 0.5.1"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "pyftpdlib"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "0.5.2"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2009-5011"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-362"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2022-06-17T22:28:38Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2010-10-19T20:00:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Race condition in the FTPHandler class in ftpserver.py in pyftpdlib before 0.5.2 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (daemon outage) by establishing and then immediately closing a TCP connection, leading to the getpeername function having an ENOTCONN error, a different vulnerability than CVE-2010-3494.",
"id": "GHSA-62xg-239j-vxg7",
"modified": "2024-10-15T16:14:02Z",
"published": "2022-05-02T04:00:27Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2009-5011"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/giampaolo/pyftpdlib"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/pyftpdlib/PYSEC-2010-8.yaml"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://code.google.com/p/pyftpdlib/issues/detail?id=100"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://code.google.com/p/pyftpdlib/source/browse/trunk/HISTORY"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://code.google.com/p/pyftpdlib/source/detail?r=543"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://code.google.com/p/pyftpdlib/source/diff?spec=svn543\u0026r=543\u0026format=side\u0026path=/trunk/pyftpdlib/ftpserver.py"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "Concurrent Execution using Shared Resource with Improper Synchronization (\u0027Race Condition\u0027) in pyftpdlib"
}
GHSA-62XM-FG6R-JMPC
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-02-26 18:30 – Updated: 2025-02-26 18:30A vulnerability in the system file permission handling of Cisco APIC could allow an authenticated, local attacker to overwrite critical system files, which could cause a DoS condition. To exploit this vulnerability, the attacker must have valid administrative credentials.
This vulnerability is due to a race condition with handling system files. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by doing specific operations on the file system. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to overwrite system files, which could lead to the device being in an inconsistent state and cause a DoS condition.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-20119"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-362"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-02-26T17:15:22Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A vulnerability in the system file permission handling of Cisco APIC could allow an authenticated, local attacker to overwrite critical system files, which could cause a DoS condition. To exploit this vulnerability, the attacker must have valid administrative credentials.\n\nThis vulnerability is due to a race condition with handling system files. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by doing specific operations on the file system. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to overwrite system files, which could lead to the device being in an inconsistent state and cause a DoS condition.",
"id": "GHSA-62xm-fg6r-jmpc",
"modified": "2025-02-26T18:30:39Z",
"published": "2025-02-26T18:30:39Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-20119"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://sec.cloudapps.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-apic-multi-vulns-9ummtg5"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-633X-C6P5-R6W2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:46 – Updated: 2024-04-04 00:41A race condition in Intel(R) Graphics Drivers before version 10.18.14.5067 (aka 15.36.x.5067) and 10.18.10.5069 (aka 15.33.x.5069) may allow an authenticated user to potentially enable a denial of service via local access.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-0114"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-362"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-05-17T16:29:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A race condition in Intel(R) Graphics Drivers before version 10.18.14.5067 (aka 15.36.x.5067) and 10.18.10.5069 (aka 15.33.x.5069) may allow an authenticated user to potentially enable a denial of service via local access.",
"id": "GHSA-633x-c6p5-r6w2",
"modified": "2024-04-04T00:41:49Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T16:46:00Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-0114"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/security-center/advisory/INTEL-SA-00218.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/108385"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-6345-747P-2QJQ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 01:01 – Updated: 2022-05-14 01:01In the Linux Kernel before version 4.16.11, 4.14.43, 4.9.102, and 4.4.133, multiple race condition errors when handling probe, disconnect, and rebind operations can be exploited to trigger a use-after-free condition or a NULL pointer dereference by sending multiple USB over IP packets.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-5814"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-362"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-06-12T16:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In the Linux Kernel before version 4.16.11, 4.14.43, 4.9.102, and 4.4.133, multiple race condition errors when handling probe, disconnect, and rebind operations can be exploited to trigger a use-after-free condition or a NULL pointer dereference by sending multiple USB over IP packets.",
"id": "GHSA-6345-747p-2qjq",
"modified": "2022-05-14T01:01:09Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T01:01:09Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-5814"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/3752-3"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/3752-2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/3752-1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/3696-2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/3696-1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://secuniaresearch.flexerasoftware.com/secunia_research/2018-8"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://secuniaresearch.flexerasoftware.com/advisories/81540"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2018/07/msg00020.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2018/07/msg00016.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2018/07/msg00015.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux-stable.git/commit/?id=c171654caa875919be3c533d3518da8be5be966e"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux-stable.git/commit/?id=22076557b07c12086eeb16b8ce2b0b735f7a27e7"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cdn.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v4.x/ChangeLog-4.9.102"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cdn.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v4.x/ChangeLog-4.4.133"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cdn.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v4.x/ChangeLog-4.16.11"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cdn.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v4.x/ChangeLog-4.14.43"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-05/msg00043.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1041050"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-6353-QGHW-Q8MP
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 19:57 – Updated: 2022-05-17 19:57Race condition in the ssl_parse_serverhello_tlsext function in t1_lib.c in OpenSSL 1.0.0 before 1.0.0n and 1.0.1 before 1.0.1i, when multithreading and session resumption are used, allows remote SSL servers to cause a denial of service (memory overwrite and client application crash) or possibly have unspecified other impact by sending Elliptic Curve (EC) Supported Point Formats Extension data.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2014-3509"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-362"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2014-08-13T23:55:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Race condition in the ssl_parse_serverhello_tlsext function in t1_lib.c in OpenSSL 1.0.0 before 1.0.0n and 1.0.1 before 1.0.1i, when multithreading and session resumption are used, allows remote SSL servers to cause a denial of service (memory overwrite and client application crash) or possibly have unspecified other impact by sending Elliptic Curve (EC) Supported Point Formats Extension data.",
"id": "GHSA-6353-qghw-q8mp",
"modified": "2022-05-17T19:57:40Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T19:57:40Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2014-3509"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1127498"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/95159"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.openssl.org/gitweb/?p=openssl.git;a=commit;h=fb0bc2b273bcc2d5401dd883fe869af4fc74bb21"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://h20566.www2.hpe.com/portal/site/hpsc/public/kb/docDisplay?docId=emr_na-c05150888"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://h20566.www2.hpe.com/portal/site/hpsc/public/kb/docDisplay?docId=emr_na-c05158380"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.balabit.hu/pipermail/syslog-ng-announce/2014-September/000196.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.citrix.com/article/CTX216642"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://techzone.ergon.ch/CVE-2014-3511"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.freebsd.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-14:18.openssl.asc"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.openssl.org/news/secadv_20140806.txt"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://aix.software.ibm.com/aix/efixes/security/openssl_advisory10.asc"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://linux.oracle.com/errata/ELSA-2014-1052.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.fedoraproject.org/pipermail/package-announce/2014-August/136470.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.fedoraproject.org/pipermail/package-announce/2014-August/136473.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-updates/2014-08/msg00036.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://marc.info/?l=bugtraq\u0026m=142350350616251\u0026w=2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://marc.info/?l=bugtraq\u0026m=142495837901899\u0026w=2"
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{
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"url": "http://marc.info/?l=bugtraq\u0026m=142624590206005\u0026w=2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://marc.info/?l=bugtraq\u0026m=142660345230545\u0026w=2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://marc.info/?l=bugtraq\u0026m=142791032306609\u0026w=2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://marc.info/?l=bugtraq\u0026m=143290437727362\u0026w=2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://marc.info/?l=bugtraq\u0026m=143290522027658\u0026w=2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2015-0197.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/58962"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/59700"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/59710"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/59756"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/60022"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/60221"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/60493"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/60684"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/60803"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/60917"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/60921"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/60938"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/61017"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/61100"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/61139"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/61184"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/61775"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/61959"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://security.gentoo.org/glsa/glsa-201412-39.xml"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www-01.ibm.com/support/docview.wss?uid=nas8N1020240"
},
{
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"url": "http://www-01.ibm.com/support/docview.wss?uid=swg21682293"
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{
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"url": "http://www-01.ibm.com/support/docview.wss?uid=swg21683389"
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{
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"url": "http://www-01.ibm.com/support/docview.wss?uid=swg21686997"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.debian.org/security/2014/dsa-2998"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.huawei.com/en/security/psirt/security-bulletins/security-advisories/hw-372998.htm"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.mandriva.com/security/advisories?name=MDVSA-2014:158"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/69084"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1030693"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-6357-96H5-M2V6
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:15 – Updated: 2025-01-16 21:30Race condition in win32k.sys in the kernel-mode drivers in Microsoft Windows XP SP2 and SP3, Windows Server 2003 SP2, Windows Vista SP2, Windows Server 2008 SP2, R2, and R2 SP1, and Windows 7 Gold and SP1 allows local users to gain privileges, and consequently read the contents of arbitrary kernel memory locations, via a crafted application, a different vulnerability than other CVEs listed in MS13-016.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2013-1253"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-362"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2013-02-13T12:04:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Race condition in win32k.sys in the kernel-mode drivers in Microsoft Windows XP SP2 and SP3, Windows Server 2003 SP2, Windows Vista SP2, Windows Server 2008 SP2, R2, and R2 SP1, and Windows 7 Gold and SP1 allows local users to gain privileges, and consequently read the contents of arbitrary kernel memory locations, via a crafted application, a different vulnerability than other CVEs listed in MS13-016.",
"id": "GHSA-6357-96h5-m2v6",
"modified": "2025-01-16T21:30:54Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:15:44Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2013-1253"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/security-updates/securitybulletins/2013/ms13-016"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://oval.cisecurity.org/repository/search/definition/oval%3Aorg.mitre.oval%3Adef%3A16122"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.us-cert.gov/cas/techalerts/TA13-043B.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-6358-4V63-4JH4
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:44 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:44The vagrant update process in Hashicorp vagrant-vmware-fusion 5.0.2 through 5.0.4 allows local users to steal root privileges via a crafted update request when no updates are available.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-16512"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-362"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-03-29T22:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "The vagrant update process in Hashicorp vagrant-vmware-fusion 5.0.2 through 5.0.4 allows local users to steal root privileges via a crafted update request when no updates are available.",
"id": "GHSA-6358-4v63-4jh4",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:44:06Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:44:06Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-16512"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://m4.rkw.io/blog/cve201716512-hashicorp-vagrantvmwarefusion-v502504-local-root.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-6366-2H38-JF23
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-01-03 21:30 – Updated: 2023-01-10 03:30In vow, there is a possible information disclosure due to a race condition. This could lead to local information disclosure with System execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation. Patch ID: ALPS07494477; Issue ID: ALPS07494477.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-32645"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-362",
"CWE-662"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-01-03T21:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "In vow, there is a possible information disclosure due to a race condition. This could lead to local information disclosure with System execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation. Patch ID: ALPS07494477; Issue ID: ALPS07494477.",
"id": "GHSA-6366-2h38-jf23",
"modified": "2023-01-10T03:30:28Z",
"published": "2023-01-03T21:30:20Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-32645"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://corp.mediatek.com/product-security-bulletin/January-2023"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-637C-5C76-F4M8
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 02:15 – Updated: 2022-05-17 02:15authd sets weak permissions for /etc/ident.key, which allows local users to obtain the key by leveraging a race condition between the creation of the key, and the chmod to protect it.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2016-4982"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-362"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-07-17T13:18:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "authd sets weak permissions for /etc/ident.key, which allows local users to obtain the key by leveraging a race condition between the creation of the key, and the chmod to protect it.",
"id": "GHSA-637c-5c76-f4m8",
"modified": "2022-05-17T02:15:57Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T02:15:57Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-4982"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1346051"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-6394-43WW-PM3C
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-01-14 18:32 – Updated: 2025-01-14 18:32Windows Remote Desktop Gateway (RD Gateway) Denial of Service Vulnerability
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-21278"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-362"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-01-14T18:15:48Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Windows Remote Desktop Gateway (RD Gateway) Denial of Service Vulnerability",
"id": "GHSA-6394-43ww-pm3c",
"modified": "2025-01-14T18:32:03Z",
"published": "2025-01-14T18:32:03Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-21278"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-21278"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation
In languages that support it, use synchronization primitives. Only wrap these around critical code to minimize the impact on performance.
Mitigation
Use thread-safe capabilities such as the data access abstraction in Spring.
Mitigation
- Minimize the usage of shared resources in order to remove as much complexity as possible from the control flow and to reduce the likelihood of unexpected conditions occurring.
- Additionally, this will minimize the amount of synchronization necessary and may even help to reduce the likelihood of a denial of service where an attacker may be able to repeatedly trigger a critical section (CWE-400).
Mitigation
When using multithreading and operating on shared variables, only use thread-safe functions.
Mitigation
Use atomic operations on shared variables. Be wary of innocent-looking constructs such as "x++". This may appear atomic at the code layer, but it is actually non-atomic at the instruction layer, since it involves a read, followed by a computation, followed by a write.
Mitigation
Use a mutex if available, but be sure to avoid related weaknesses such as CWE-412.
Mitigation
Avoid double-checked locking (CWE-609) and other implementation errors that arise when trying to avoid the overhead of synchronization.
Mitigation
Disable interrupts or signals over critical parts of the code, but also make sure that the code does not go into a large or infinite loop.
Mitigation
Use the volatile type modifier for critical variables to avoid unexpected compiler optimization or reordering. This does not necessarily solve the synchronization problem, but it can help.
Mitigation MIT-17
Strategy: Environment Hardening
Run your code using the lowest privileges that are required to accomplish the necessary tasks [REF-76]. If possible, create isolated accounts with limited privileges that are only used for a single task. That way, a successful attack will not immediately give the attacker access to the rest of the software or its environment. For example, database applications rarely need to run as the database administrator, especially in day-to-day operations.
CAPEC-26: Leveraging Race Conditions
The adversary targets a race condition occurring when multiple processes access and manipulate the same resource concurrently, and the outcome of the execution depends on the particular order in which the access takes place. The adversary can leverage a race condition by "running the race", modifying the resource and modifying the normal execution flow. For instance, a race condition can occur while accessing a file: the adversary can trick the system by replacing the original file with their version and cause the system to read the malicious file.
CAPEC-29: Leveraging Time-of-Check and Time-of-Use (TOCTOU) Race Conditions
This attack targets a race condition occurring between the time of check (state) for a resource and the time of use of a resource. A typical example is file access. The adversary can leverage a file access race condition by "running the race", meaning that they would modify the resource between the first time the target program accesses the file and the time the target program uses the file. During that period of time, the adversary could replace or modify the file, causing the application to behave unexpectedly.