Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-354

Allowed

Improper Validation of Integrity Check Value

Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft

The product does not validate or incorrectly validates the integrity check values or "checksums" of a message. This may prevent it from detecting if the data has been modified or corrupted in transmission.

231 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2024-23461 (GCVE-0-2024-23461)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-05-02 13:11 – Updated: 2024-08-01 23:06
VLAI
Title
ZCC macOS Upgrade ZIP Bomb DoS
Summary
An Improper Validation of Integrity Check Value vulnerability in Zscaler Client Connector on MacOS during the upgrade process may allow a Local Execution of Code.This issue affects Client Connector on MacOS: before 3.4.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-354 - Improper Validation of Integrity Check Value
Assigner
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Zscaler Client Connector Affected: 0 , < 3.4 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
zscaler client_connector Affected: - , < 3.4 (custom)
    cpe:2.3:a:zscaler:client_connector:-:*:*:*:*:macos:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
LMCO Red Team
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2024-7402 (GCVE-0-2024-7402)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-08-14 04:32 – Updated: 2025-08-15 12:58
VLAI
Title
Netskope Client Configuration Tampering with Local MITM
Summary
Netskope has identified a potential gap in its agent (Netskope Client) in which a malicious insider can potentially tamper the Netskope Client configuration by performing MITM (Man-in-the-Middle) activity on the Netskope Client communication channel. A successful exploitation would require administrative privileges on the machine, and could result in temporarily altering the configuration of Netskope Client or permanently disabling or removing the agent from the machine.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Netskope Netskope Client Affected: 0 , < 123.0.16, 126.0.9, 129.0.0 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Sander de Wit
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2024-3727 (GCVE-0-2024-3727)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-05-09 14:57 – Updated: 2026-06-30 03:22
VLAI
Title
Containers/image: digest type does not guarantee valid type
Summary
A flaw was found in the github.com/containers/image library. This flaw allows attackers to trigger unexpected authenticated registry accesses on behalf of a victim user, causing resource exhaustion, local path traversal, and other attacks.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-354 - Improper Validation of Integrity Check Value
Assigner
References
URL Tags
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:0045 vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:3718 vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:4159 vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:4613 vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:4850 vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:4960 vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:5258 vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:5951 vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:6054 vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:6122 vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:6708 vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:6818 vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:6824 vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:7164 vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:7174 vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:7182 vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:7187 vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:7922 vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:7941 vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:8260 vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:8425 vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:9097 vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:9098 vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:9102 vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:9960 vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2024-3727 vdb-entryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2274767 issue-trackingx_refsource_REDHAT
https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/pac… x_transferred
https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/pac… x_transferred
https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/pac… x_transferred
https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/pac… x_transferred
https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/pac… x_transferred
https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/pac… x_transferred
https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/pac… x_transferred
https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/pac… x_transferred
https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/pac… x_transferred
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Affected: 0 , < 5.29.3 (semver)
Affected: 5.30.0 , < 5.30.1 (semver)
Red Hat OADP-1.3-RHEL-9 Unaffected: 1.3.4-9 , < * (rpm)
    cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_api_data_protection:1.3::el9
Create a notification for this product.
Red Hat Red Hat Advanced Cluster Security 4.4 Unaffected: 4.4.5-2 , < * (rpm)
    cpe:/a:redhat:advanced_cluster_security:4.4::el8
Create a notification for this product.
Red Hat Red Hat Advanced Cluster Security 4.4 Unaffected: 4.4.5-4 , < * (rpm)
    cpe:/a:redhat:advanced_cluster_security:4.4::el8
Create a notification for this product.
Red Hat Red Hat Advanced Cluster Security 4.4 Unaffected: 4.4.5-3 , < * (rpm)
    cpe:/a:redhat:advanced_cluster_security:4.4::el8
Create a notification for this product.
Red Hat Red Hat Advanced Cluster Security 4.5 Unaffected: 4.5.2-2 , < * (rpm)
    cpe:/a:redhat:advanced_cluster_security:4.5::el8
Create a notification for this product.
Red Hat Red Hat Advanced Cluster Security 4.5 Unaffected: 4.5.2-1 , < * (rpm)
    cpe:/a:redhat:advanced_cluster_security:4.5::el8
Create a notification for this product.
Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 Unaffected: 8100020240808093819.afee755d , < * (rpm)
    cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:8::appstream
Create a notification for this product.
Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 Unaffected: 2:1.37.2-1.el9 , < * (rpm)
    cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:9::appstream
Create a notification for this product.
Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 Unaffected: 2:1.16.1-1.el9 , < * (rpm)
    cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:9::appstream
Create a notification for this product.
Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 Unaffected: 2:5.2.2-1.el9 , < * (rpm)
    cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:9::appstream
Create a notification for this product.
Red Hat Red Hat Migration Toolkit for Containers 1.8 Unaffected: v1.8.4-22 , < * (rpm)
    cpe:/a:redhat:rhmt:1.8::el8
Create a notification for this product.
Red Hat Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.13 Unaffected: 3:4.4.1-13.rhaos4.13.el8 , < * (rpm)
    cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4.13::el8
    cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4.13::el9
    cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_ironic:4.13::el9
Create a notification for this product.
Red Hat Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.13 Unaffected: 2:1.11.3-3.rhaos4.13.el8 , < * (rpm)
    cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4.13::el8
    cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4.13::el9
    cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_ironic:4.13::el9
Create a notification for this product.
Red Hat Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.14 Unaffected: v4.14.0-202407260439.p0.g8d9b39e.assembly.stream.el8 , < * (rpm)
    cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4.14::el8
    cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4.14::el9
Create a notification for this product.
Red Hat Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.14 Unaffected: 3:4.4.1-19.rhaos4.14.el8 , < * (rpm)
    cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4.14::el8
    cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4.14::el9
    cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_ironic:4.14::el9
Create a notification for this product.
Red Hat Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.14 Unaffected: 2:1.11.3-3.rhaos4.14.el8 , < * (rpm)
    cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4.14::el8
    cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4.14::el9
    cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_ironic:4.14::el9
Create a notification for this product.
Red Hat Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.15 Unaffected: v4.15.0-202409172305.p0.g17536c8.assembly.stream.el8 , < * (rpm)
    cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4.15::el8
    cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4.15::el9
Create a notification for this product.
Red Hat Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.15 Unaffected: v4.15.0-202409171307.p0.ged4651a.assembly.stream.el8 , < * (rpm)
    cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4.15::el8
    cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4.15::el9
Create a notification for this product.
Red Hat Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.15 Unaffected: v4.15.0-202409161436.p0.g1f44c02.assembly.stream.el9 , < * (rpm)
    cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4.15::el8
    cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4.15::el9
Create a notification for this product.
Red Hat Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.15 Unaffected: v4.15.0-202409120135.p0.gf7f5eed.assembly.stream.el9 , < * (rpm)
    cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4.15::el8
    cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4.15::el9
Create a notification for this product.
Red Hat Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.15 Unaffected: v4.15.0-202409131835.p0.gadccbd5.assembly.stream.el9 , < * (rpm)
    cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4.15::el8
    cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4.15::el9
Create a notification for this product.
Red Hat Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.15 Unaffected: v4.15.0-202409120135.p0.g8425d88.assembly.stream.el9 , < * (rpm)
    cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4.15::el8
    cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4.15::el9
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Date Public
2024-05-09 00:00
Show details on NVD website

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2024-3727",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2024-05-13T17:59:41.318223Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2024-06-04T17:33:13.046Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      },
      {
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2024-08-01T20:20:01.029Z",
          "orgId": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
          "shortName": "CVE"
        },
        "references": [
          {
            "name": "RHSA-2024:0045",
            "tags": [
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              "x_refsource_REDHAT",
              "x_transferred"
            ],
            "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:0045"
          },
          {
            "name": "RHSA-2024:4159",
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            "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:4159"
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            "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:4613"
          },
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              "x_transferred"
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            "url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2024-3727"
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            "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2274767"
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            "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/4HEYS34N55G7NOQZKNEXZKQVNDGEICCD/"
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            "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/6B37TXOKTKDBE2V26X2NSP7JKNMZOFVP/"
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          {
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            "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/CYT3D2P3OJKISNFKOOHGY6HCUCQZYAVR/"
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            "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/DTOMYERG5ND4QFDHC4ZSGCED3T3ESRSC/"
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            "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/FBZQ2ZRMFEUQ35235B2HWPSXGDCBZHFV/"
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          {
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            "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/GD2GSBQTBLYADASUBHHZV2CZPTSLIPQJ/"
          },
          {
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            "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/QFXMF3VVKIZN7ZMB7PKZCSWV6MOMTGMQ/"
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        ],
        "title": "CVE Program Container"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
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          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "packageName": "image",
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          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "packageName": "oadp/oadp-velero-plugin-rhel9",
          "product": "OADP-1.3-RHEL-9",
          "vendor": "Red Hat",
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          "cpes": [
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          "packageName": "advanced-cluster-security/rhacs-central-db-rhel8",
          "product": "Red Hat Advanced Cluster Security 4.4",
          "vendor": "Red Hat",
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        {
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          "cpes": [
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          "product": "Red Hat Advanced Cluster Security 4.4",
          "vendor": "Red Hat",
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          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "packageName": "advanced-cluster-security/rhacs-collector-slim-rhel8",
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          "vendor": "Red Hat",
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              "versionType": "rpm"
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        },
        {
          "collectionURL": "https://catalog.redhat.com/software/containers/",
          "cpes": [
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          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "packageName": "advanced-cluster-security/rhacs-main-rhel8",
          "product": "Red Hat Advanced Cluster Security 4.4",
          "vendor": "Red Hat",
          "versions": [
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        {
          "collectionURL": "https://catalog.redhat.com/software/containers/",
          "cpes": [
            "cpe:/a:redhat:advanced_cluster_security:4.4::el8"
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          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "packageName": "advanced-cluster-security/rhacs-operator-bundle",
          "product": "Red Hat Advanced Cluster Security 4.4",
          "vendor": "Red Hat",
          "versions": [
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              "version": "4.4.5-3",
              "versionType": "rpm"
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        },
        {
          "collectionURL": "https://catalog.redhat.com/software/containers/",
          "cpes": [
            "cpe:/a:redhat:advanced_cluster_security:4.4::el8"
          ],
          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "packageName": "advanced-cluster-security/rhacs-rhel8-operator",
          "product": "Red Hat Advanced Cluster Security 4.4",
          "vendor": "Red Hat",
          "versions": [
            {
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CVE-2023-50738 (GCVE-0-2023-50738)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-01-17 21:10 – Updated: 2025-01-17 22:02
VLAI
Title
A firmware downgrade prevention vulnerability has been identified in newer Lexmark devices.
Summary
A new feature to prevent Firmware downgrades was recently added to some Lexmark products. A method to override this downgrade protection has been identified.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-354 - Improper Validation of Integrity Check Value
  • CWE-1328 - Security Version Number Mutable to Older Versions
Assigner
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Lexmark Printer Firmware Affected: 0 , ≤ 230.041 (custom)
Affected: 230.075 , ≤ 230.086 (custom)
Affected: 230.100 , ≤ 230.104 (custom)
Affected: 230.200 , ≤ 230.209 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2023-41970 (GCVE-0-2023-41970)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-05-02 13:10 – Updated: 2024-08-02 19:09
VLAI
Title
Repair App local code execution with arbitrary privileges
Summary
An Improper Validation of Integrity Check Value vulnerability in Zscaler Client Connector on Windows during the Repair App functionality may allow Local Execution of Code.This issue affects Client Connector on Windows: before 4.1.0.62.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-354 - Improper Validation of Integrity Check Value
Assigner
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Zscaler Client Connector Affected: 0 , < 4.1.0.62 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
zscaler client_connector Affected: 0 , < 4.1.0.62 (custom)
    cpe:2.3:a:zscaler:client_connector:-:*:*:*:*:windows:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2023-36537 (GCVE-0-2023-36537)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-07-11 17:09 – Updated: 2024-10-23 15:41
VLAI
Summary
Improper privilege management in Zoom Rooms for Windows before version 5.14.5 may allow an authenticated user to enable an escalation of privilege via local access.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-354 - Improper Validation of Integrity Check Value
Assigner
Impacted products
Date Public
2023-07-11 12:00
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2023-34459 (GCVE-0-2023-34459)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-06-16 22:13 – Updated: 2024-12-16 18:35
VLAI
Title
OpenZeppelin Contracts's MerkleProof multiproofs may allow proving arbitrary leaves for specific trees
Summary
OpenZeppelin Contracts is a library for smart contract development. Starting in version 4.7.0 and prior to version 4.9.2, when the `verifyMultiProof`, `verifyMultiProofCalldata`, `procesprocessMultiProof`, or `processMultiProofCalldat` functions are in use, it is possible to construct merkle trees that allow forging a valid multiproof for an arbitrary set of leaves. A contract may be vulnerable if it uses multiproofs for verification and the merkle tree that is processed includes a node with value 0 at depth 1 (just under the root). This could happen inadvertedly for balanced trees with 3 leaves or less, if the leaves are not hashed. This could happen deliberately if a malicious tree builder includes such a node in the tree. A contract is not vulnerable if it uses single-leaf proving (`verify`, `verifyCalldata`, `processProof`, or `processProofCalldata`), or if it uses multiproofs with a known tree that has hashed leaves. Standard merkle trees produced or validated with the @openzeppelin/merkle-tree library are safe. The problem has been patched in version 4.9.2. Some workarounds are available. For those using multiproofs: When constructing merkle trees hash the leaves and do not insert empty nodes in your trees. Using the @openzeppelin/merkle-tree package eliminates this issue. Do not accept user-provided merkle roots without reconstructing at least the first level of the tree. Verify the merkle tree structure by reconstructing it from the leaves.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-354 - Improper Validation of Integrity Check Value
Assigner
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
OpenZeppelin openzeppelin-contracts Affected: >= 4.7.0, < 4.9.2
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2023-28802 (GCVE-0-2023-28802)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-11-21 10:51 – Updated: 2026-01-06 06:15
VLAI
Title
Disable Zscaler using machine tunnel restart
Summary
An Improper Validation of Integrity Check Value in Zscaler Client Connector on Windows allows an authenticated user to disable ZIA/ZPA by interrupting the service restart from Zscaler Diagnostics. This issue affects Client Connector: before 4.2.0.149.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-354 - Improper Validation of Integrity Check Value
Assigner
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Zscaler Client Connector Affected: 0 , < 4.2.0.149 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Simon Cecchini (LRQA Nettitude)
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2023-28386 (GCVE-0-2023-28386)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-05-22 19:35 – Updated: 2025-01-16 21:33
VLAI
Summary
Snap One OvrC Pro devices versions 7.2 and prior do not validate firmware updates correctly. The device only calculates the MD5 hash of the firmware and does not check using a private-public key mechanism. The lack of complete PKI system firmware signature could allow attackers to upload arbitrary firmware updates, resulting in code execution.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-354 - Improper Validation of Integrity Check Value
Assigner
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Snap One OvrC Cloud Affected: 0 , < 7.3 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Uri Katz of Claroty reported these vulnerabilities to CISA.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2023-28002 (GCVE-0-2023-28002)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-11-14 18:05 – Updated: 2025-06-11 14:23
VLAI
Summary
An improper validation of integrity check value vulnerability [CWE-354] in FortiOS 7.2.0 through 7.2.3, 7.0.0 through 7.0.12, 6.4 all versions, 6.2 all versions, 6.0 all versions and VMs may allow a local attacker with admin privileges to boot a malicious image on the device and bypass the filesystem integrity check in place.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-354 - Execute unauthorized code or commands
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Fortinet FortiOS Affected: 7.2.0 , ≤ 7.2.3 (semver)
Affected: 7.0.0 , ≤ 7.0.12 (semver)
Affected: 6.4.0 , ≤ 6.4.15 (semver)
Affected: 6.2.0 , ≤ 6.2.16 (semver)
Affected: 6.0.0 , ≤ 6.0.18 (semver)
    cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:7.2.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:7.2.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:7.2.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:7.2.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
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    cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:7.0.11:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:7.0.10:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:7.0.9:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:7.0.8:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:7.0.7:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:7.0.6:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:7.0.5:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:7.0.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
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    cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:6.0.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Fortinet FortiProxy Affected: 7.4.0 , ≤ 7.4.1 (semver)
Affected: 7.2.0 , ≤ 7.2.8 (semver)
Affected: 7.0.0 , ≤ 7.0.19 (semver)
Affected: 2.0.0 , ≤ 2.0.14 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
fortinet fortios Affected: 2.0.0 , ≤ 2.0.13 (semver)
Affected: 6.0.0 , ≤ 6.0.17 (semver)
Affected: 6.2.0 , ≤ 6.2.15 (semver)
Affected: 6.4.0 , ≤ 6.4.14 (semver)
Affected: 7.0.0 , ≤ 7.0.12 (semver)
Affected: 7.0.0 , ≤ 7.0.13 (semver)
Affected: 7.2.0 , ≤ 7.2.3 (semver)
Affected: 7.2.0 , ≤ 7.2.7 (semver)
    cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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            "cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:6.4.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
            "cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:6.4.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
            "cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:6.4.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
            "cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:6.2.16:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
            "cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:6.2.15:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
            "cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:6.2.14:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
            "cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:6.2.13:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
            "cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:6.2.12:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
            "cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:6.2.11:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
            "cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:6.2.10:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
            "cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:6.2.9:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
            "cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:6.2.8:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
            "cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:6.2.7:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
            "cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:6.2.6:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
            "cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:6.2.5:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
            "cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:6.2.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
            "cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:6.2.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
            "cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:6.2.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
            "cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:6.2.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
            "cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:6.2.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
            "cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:6.0.18:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
            "cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:6.0.17:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
            "cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:6.0.16:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
            "cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:6.0.15:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
            "cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:6.0.14:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
            "cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:6.0.13:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
            "cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:6.0.12:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
            "cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:6.0.11:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
            "cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:6.0.10:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
            "cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:6.0.9:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
            "cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:6.0.8:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
            "cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:6.0.7:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
            "cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:6.0.6:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
            "cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:6.0.5:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
            "cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:6.0.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
            "cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:6.0.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
            "cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:6.0.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
            "cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:6.0.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
            "cpe:2.3:o:fortinet:fortios:6.0.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"
          ],
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "FortiOS",
          "vendor": "Fortinet",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "7.2.3",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "7.2.0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "7.0.12",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "7.0.0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.4.15",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "6.4.0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.2.16",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "6.2.0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.0.18",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "6.0.0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "cpes": [],
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "FortiProxy",
          "vendor": "Fortinet",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "7.4.1",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "7.4.0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "7.2.8",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "7.2.0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "7.0.19",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "7.0.0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "2.0.14",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "2.0.0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "An improper validation of integrity check value vulnerability [CWE-354] in FortiOS 7.2.0 through 7.2.3, 7.0.0 through 7.0.12, 6.4 all versions, 6.2 all versions, 6.0 all versions and VMs may allow a local attacker\u00a0with admin privileges to boot a malicious image on the device and bypass the filesystem integrity check in place."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "attackComplexity": "HIGH",
            "attackVector": "LOCAL",
            "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
            "baseScore": 5.8,
            "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
            "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
            "privilegesRequired": "HIGH",
            "scope": "UNCHANGED",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:P/RL:X/RC:R",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "format": "CVSS"
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-354",
              "description": "Execute unauthorized code or commands",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2024-10-18T14:54:04.182Z",
        "orgId": "6abe59d8-c742-4dff-8ce8-9b0ca1073da8",
        "shortName": "fortinet"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "https://fortiguard.com/psirt/FG-IR-22-396",
          "url": "https://fortiguard.com/psirt/FG-IR-22-396"
        }
      ],
      "solutions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "Please upgrade to FortiOS version 7.4.0 or above \nPlease upgrade to FortiOS version 7.2.4 or above \nPlease upgrade to FortiOS version 7.0.13 or above \nPlease upgrade to FortiProxy version 7.4.2 or above \nPlease upgrade to FortiProxy version 7.2.9 or above"
        }
      ]
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "6abe59d8-c742-4dff-8ce8-9b0ca1073da8",
    "assignerShortName": "fortinet",
    "cveId": "CVE-2023-28002",
    "datePublished": "2023-11-14T18:05:12.283Z",
    "dateReserved": "2023-03-09T10:09:33.120Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2025-06-11T14:23:35.801Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.1"
}

Mitigation
Implementation

Ensure that the checksums present in messages are properly checked in accordance with the protocol specification before they are parsed and used.

CAPEC-145: Checksum Spoofing

An adversary spoofs a checksum message for the purpose of making a payload appear to have a valid corresponding checksum. Checksums are used to verify message integrity. They consist of some value based on the value of the message they are protecting. Hash codes are a common checksum mechanism. Both the sender and recipient are able to compute the checksum based on the contents of the message. If the message contents change between the sender and recipient, the sender and recipient will compute different checksum values. Since the sender's checksum value is transmitted with the message, the recipient would know that a modification occurred. In checksum spoofing an adversary modifies the message body and then modifies the corresponding checksum so that the recipient's checksum calculation will match the checksum (created by the adversary) in the message. This would prevent the recipient from realizing that a change occurred.

CAPEC-463: Padding Oracle Crypto Attack

An adversary is able to efficiently decrypt data without knowing the decryption key if a target system leaks data on whether or not a padding error happened while decrypting the ciphertext. A target system that leaks this type of information becomes the padding oracle and an adversary is able to make use of that oracle to efficiently decrypt data without knowing the decryption key by issuing on average 128*b calls to the padding oracle (where b is the number of bytes in the ciphertext block). In addition to performing decryption, an adversary is also able to produce valid ciphertexts (i.e., perform encryption) by using the padding oracle, all without knowing the encryption key.

CAPEC-75: Manipulating Writeable Configuration Files

Generally these are manually edited files that are not in the preview of the system administrators, any ability on the attackers' behalf to modify these files, for example in a CVS repository, gives unauthorized access directly to the application, the same as authorized users.