CWE-352
AllowedCross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF)
Abstraction: Compound · Status: Stable
The web application does not, or cannot, sufficiently verify whether a request was intentionally provided by the user who sent the request, which could have originated from an unauthorized actor.
14239 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-M269-RH3H-JWPX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-06-22 15:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 05:01Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in realmag777 WOLF – WordPress Posts Bulk Editor and Manager Professional plugin <= 1.0.7 versions.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-34028"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-352"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-06-22T15:15:13Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in realmag777 WOLF \u2013 WordPress Posts Bulk Editor and Manager Professional plugin \u003c=\u00a01.0.7 versions.",
"id": "GHSA-m269-rh3h-jwpx",
"modified": "2024-04-04T05:01:11Z",
"published": "2023-06-22T15:30:24Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-34028"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://patchstack.com/database/vulnerability/bulk-editor/wordpress-wolf-wordpress-posts-bulk-editor-and-manager-professional-plugin-1-0-7-cross-site-request-forgery-csrf-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-M26P-926Q-CMV4
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 01:46 – Updated: 2022-05-17 01:46Multiple cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerabilities in TestLink 1.9.3 and earlier allow remote attackers to hijack the authentication of users for requests that add, delete, or modify sensitive information, as demonstrated by changing the administrator's email via an editUser action to lib/usermanagement/userInfo.php.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2012-2275"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-352"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2012-09-15T17:55:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Multiple cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerabilities in TestLink 1.9.3 and earlier allow remote attackers to hijack the authentication of users for requests that add, delete, or modify sensitive information, as demonstrated by changing the administrator\u0027s email via an editUser action to lib/usermanagement/userInfo.php.",
"id": "GHSA-m26p-926q-cmv4",
"modified": "2022-05-17T01:46:15Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T01:46:15Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2012-2275"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/78306"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.htbridge.com/advisory/HTB23088"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://archives.neohapsis.com/archives/bugtraq/2012-09/0023.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://gitorious.org/testlink-ga/testlink-code/commit/252788c2373e73173172ada9af661e0721599891"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://gitorious.org/testlink-ga/testlink-code/commit/2d4ac941314f8bda80e265c9de8bacf17d1cd3e6"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://gitorious.org/testlink-ga/testlink-code/commit/c8751a3c9ad8970b49d1bf882203efacd10af087"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://packetstormsecurity.org/files/116275/TestLink-1.9.3-Cross-Site-Request-Forgery.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/21135"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-M27G-FR8F-5P8F
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:46 – Updated: 2023-02-24 21:30The WP Booking System plugin 1.5.1 for WordPress has no CSRF protection, which allows attackers to reach certain SQL injection issues that require administrative access.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-12239"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-352"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-05-20T20:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "The WP Booking System plugin 1.5.1 for WordPress has no CSRF protection, which allows attackers to reach certain SQL injection issues that require administrative access.",
"id": "GHSA-m27g-fr8f-5p8f",
"modified": "2023-02-24T21:30:19Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T16:46:08Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-12239"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://wordpress.org/plugins/wp-booking-system/#developers"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://wpvulndb.com/vulnerabilities/9284"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://dumpco.re/bugs/wp-plugin-wp-booking-system-sqli"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-M295-M3X4-3MMC
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:59 – Updated: 2022-12-06 21:38A cross-site request forgery vulnerability in Jenkins Libvirt Slaves Plugin allows attackers to connect to an attacker-specified SSH server using attacker-specified credentials IDs obtained through another method, capturing credentials stored in Jenkins.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "org.jenkins-ci.plugins:libvirt-slave"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.8.6"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-10471"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-352"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2022-12-06T21:38:04Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2019-10-23T13:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A cross-site request forgery vulnerability in Jenkins Libvirt Slaves Plugin allows attackers to connect to an attacker-specified SSH server using attacker-specified credentials IDs obtained through another method, capturing credentials stored in Jenkins.",
"id": "GHSA-m295-m3x4-3mmc",
"modified": "2022-12-06T21:38:04Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T16:59:37Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-10471"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/jenkinsci/libvirt-slave-plugin/commit/231c41e0e4ecb2d25247cc2775e1fe18d64a1703"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/jenkinsci/libvirt-slave-plugin"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://jenkins.io/security/advisory/2019-10-23/#SECURITY-1014%20(1)"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2019/10/23/2"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Jenkins Libvirt Slaves Plugin vlnerable to Cross-Site Request Forgery"
}
GHSA-M29M-7J2F-W35X
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-07-06 19:24 – Updated: 2026-04-08 21:31The Mediamatic – Media Library Folders plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Cross-Site Request Forgery in versions up to, and including, 2.8.1. This is due to missing or incorrect nonce validation on its AJAX actions function. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to change image categories used by the plugin, via forged request granted they can trick a site administrator into performing an action such as clicking on a link.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-0294"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-352"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-01-13T20:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The Mediamatic \u2013 Media Library Folders plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Cross-Site Request Forgery in versions up to, and including, 2.8.1. This is due to missing or incorrect nonce validation on its AJAX actions function. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to change image categories used by the plugin, via forged request granted they can trick a site administrator into performing an action such as clicking on a link.",
"id": "GHSA-m29m-7j2f-w35x",
"modified": "2026-04-08T21:31:47Z",
"published": "2023-07-06T19:24:06Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-0294"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/mediamatic/trunk/inc/sidebar.php?rev=2652957#L343"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/d81ed8d9-4a7a-4b75-aab4-8e4dbd554f32"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/d81ed8d9-4a7a-4b75-aab4-8e4dbd554f32?source=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-M2CP-52XF-7GWP
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 03:24 – Updated: 2022-05-14 03:24An issue was discovered in XYHCMS 3.5. It has CSRF via an index.php?g=Manage&m=Rbac&a=addUser request, resulting in addition of an account with the administrator role.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-10127"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-352"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-04-16T15:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An issue was discovered in XYHCMS 3.5. It has CSRF via an index.php?g=Manage\u0026m=Rbac\u0026a=addUser request, resulting in addition of an account with the administrator role.",
"id": "GHSA-m2cp-52xf-7gwp",
"modified": "2022-05-14T03:24:10Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T03:24:10Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-10127"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/gosea/xyhcms/issues/1"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-M2M6-CFF5-3W7C
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-24 15:36 – Updated: 2026-05-13 13:34Summary
Server actions in rwsdk apply HTTP method enforcement but no origin validation. A request originating from a different origin that the browser treats as same-site can invoke a server action with the victim's session cookie attached.
Impact
An attacker who controls any origin the browser considers same-site with the deployed app can induce an authenticated victim's browser to invoke arbitrary server actions. The exposure depends on deployment shape:
- Apps deployed on custom domains (for example
app.example.com) are exposed whenever the attacker controls any sibling subdomain under the same registrable domain. Plausible vectors include subdomain takeover of stale DNS records pointing at third-party services, cross-site scripting on a sibling application, or content served from a user-content subdomain. - Apps deployed on platform-suffix domains on the Public Suffix List (
*.workers.dev,*.pages.dev) are not exposed to the sibling-subdomain vector, because sibling subdomains under those suffixes are treated as cross-site. - In local development,
localhoston any other port is treated as same-site with the app's dev server. A separate process running on the developer's machine can invoke server actions against the dev server.
The attacker cannot read action responses (mode: "no-cors" yields opaque responses). Impact is therefore limited to side effects of action invocation: writes, state changes, and any externally observable action the application performs in response.
Cross-site requests from unrelated origins (evil.com targeting app.com) are not affected because SameSite=Lax session cookies are not attached by default in that scenario.
Affected Configurations
Applications using rwsdk server actions (serverAction() or functions invoked via the RSC action protocol) in combination with cookie-based authentication. serverQuery() is not affected because it is designed to be idempotent and is invoked via GET.
Patch
The patched release enforces an Origin/Host match for non-GET action requests. Requests whose Origin header does not match the request's own origin are rejected with HTTP 403 unless the origin is listed in a new allowedOrigins configuration option.
No application code changes are required for apps that invoke server actions from their own origin. Apps that legitimately invoke server actions from another origin must add those origins to the allowedOrigins option on defineApp.
Credits
Reported by @mthx.
{
"affected": [
{
"database_specific": {
"last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 1.2.2"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "rwsdk"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "1.0.0-beta.50"
},
{
"fixed": "1.2.3"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-42190"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-352"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-04-24T15:36:52Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2026-05-08T20:16:31Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "### Summary\n\nServer actions in `rwsdk` apply HTTP method enforcement but no origin validation. A request originating from a different origin that the browser treats as same-site can invoke a server action with the victim\u0027s session cookie attached.\n\n### Impact\n\nAn attacker who controls any origin the browser considers same-site with the deployed app can induce an authenticated victim\u0027s browser to invoke arbitrary server actions. The exposure depends on deployment shape:\n\n- Apps deployed on custom domains (for example `app.example.com`) are exposed whenever the attacker controls any sibling subdomain under the same registrable domain. Plausible vectors include subdomain takeover of stale DNS records pointing at third-party services, cross-site scripting on a sibling application, or content served from a user-content subdomain.\n- Apps deployed on platform-suffix domains on the Public Suffix List (`*.workers.dev`, `*.pages.dev`) are not exposed to the sibling-subdomain vector, because sibling subdomains under those suffixes are treated as cross-site.\n- In local development, `localhost` on any other port is treated as same-site with the app\u0027s dev server. A separate process running on the developer\u0027s machine can invoke server actions against the dev server.\n\nThe attacker cannot read action responses (`mode: \"no-cors\"` yields opaque responses). Impact is therefore limited to side effects of action invocation: writes, state changes, and any externally observable action the application performs in response.\n\nCross-site requests from unrelated origins (`evil.com` targeting `app.com`) are not affected because `SameSite=Lax` session cookies are not attached by default in that scenario.\n\n### Affected Configurations\n\nApplications using `rwsdk` server actions (`serverAction()` or functions invoked via the RSC action protocol) in combination with cookie-based authentication. `serverQuery()` is not affected because it is designed to be idempotent and is invoked via GET.\n\n### Patch\n\nThe patched release enforces an Origin/Host match for non-GET action requests. Requests whose `Origin` header does not match the request\u0027s own origin are rejected with HTTP 403 unless the origin is listed in a new `allowedOrigins` configuration option.\n\nNo application code changes are required for apps that invoke server actions from their own origin. Apps that legitimately invoke server actions from another origin must add those origins to the `allowedOrigins` option on `defineApp`.\n\n### Credits\n\nReported by `@mthx`.",
"id": "GHSA-m2m6-cff5-3w7c",
"modified": "2026-05-13T13:34:12Z",
"published": "2026-04-24T15:36:52Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/redwoodjs/sdk/security/advisories/GHSA-m2m6-cff5-3w7c"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-42190"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/redwoodjs/sdk"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/redwoodjs/sdk/releases/tag/v1.2.3"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "RedwoodSDK has Same-site CSRF through lack of origin validation in its server actions"
}
GHSA-M2M8-9PPP-Q3C7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-12-24 21:30 – Updated: 2025-12-24 21:30Teradek Cube 7.3.6 contains a cross-site request forgery vulnerability that allows attackers to change administrative passwords without proper request validation. Attackers can craft a malicious web page with a hidden form to submit password change requests to the device's system configuration interface.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-25156"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-352"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-12-24T20:15:50Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Teradek Cube 7.3.6 contains a cross-site request forgery vulnerability that allows attackers to change administrative passwords without proper request validation. Attackers can craft a malicious web page with a hidden form to submit password change requests to the device\u0027s system configuration interface.",
"id": "GHSA-m2m8-9ppp-q3c7",
"modified": "2025-12-24T21:30:32Z",
"published": "2025-12-24T21:30:32Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-25156"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/44675"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.teradek.com"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zeroscience.mk/en/vulnerabilities/ZSL-2018-5464.php"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-M2P4-HVH5-GH6W
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-02-17 00:00 – Updated: 2022-02-24 00:01In FileCloud before 21.3, the CSV user import functionality is vulnerable to Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF).
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-25241"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-352"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-02-16T02:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In FileCloud before 21.3, the CSV user import functionality is vulnerable to Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF).",
"id": "GHSA-m2p4-hvh5-gh6w",
"modified": "2022-02-24T00:01:01Z",
"published": "2022-02-17T00:00:35Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-25241"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://herolab.usd.de/security-advisories"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.filecloud.com/supportdocs/display/cloud/Advisory+2022-01-3+Threat+of+CSRF+via+User+Creation"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/166074/FileCloud-21.2-Cross-Site-Request-Forgery.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-M2PH-27R6-5VHW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-05 02:48 – Updated: 2022-05-05 02:48Cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in the Taxonomy Manager (taxonomy_manager) module 6.x-2.x before 6.x-2.2 and 7.x-1.x before 7.x-1.0-rc1 for Drupal allows remote attackers to hijack the authentication of users with 'administer taxonomy' permissions via unspecified vectors.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2013-0320"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-352"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2013-03-27T21:55:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in the Taxonomy Manager (taxonomy_manager) module 6.x-2.x before 6.x-2.2 and 7.x-1.x before 7.x-1.0-rc1 for Drupal allows remote attackers to hijack the authentication of users with \u0027administer taxonomy\u0027 permissions via unspecified vectors.",
"id": "GHSA-m2ph-27r6-5vhw",
"modified": "2022-05-05T02:48:47Z",
"published": "2022-05-05T02:48:47Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2013-0320"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://drupal.org/node/1922168"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://drupal.org/node/1922170"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://drupal.org/node/1922410"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://drupalcode.org/project/taxonomy_manager.git/commitdiff/2d05801"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://drupalcode.org/project/taxonomy_manager.git/commitdiff/595f1b3"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2013/02/21/5"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
Mitigation MIT-4
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid [REF-1482].
- For example, use anti-CSRF packages such as the OWASP CSRFGuard. [REF-330]
- Another example is the ESAPI Session Management control, which includes a component for CSRF. [REF-45]
Mitigation
Ensure that the application is free of cross-site scripting issues (CWE-79), because most CSRF defenses can be bypassed using attacker-controlled script.
Mitigation
Generate a unique nonce for each form, place the nonce into the form, and verify the nonce upon receipt of the form. Be sure that the nonce is not predictable (CWE-330). [REF-332]
Mitigation
Identify especially dangerous operations. When the user performs a dangerous operation, send a separate confirmation request to ensure that the user intended to perform that operation.
Mitigation
- Use the "double-submitted cookie" method as described by Felten and Zeller:
- When a user visits a site, the site should generate a pseudorandom value and set it as a cookie on the user's machine. The site should require every form submission to include this value as a form value and also as a cookie value. When a POST request is sent to the site, the request should only be considered valid if the form value and the cookie value are the same.
- Because of the same-origin policy, an attacker cannot read or modify the value stored in the cookie. To successfully submit a form on behalf of the user, the attacker would have to correctly guess the pseudorandom value. If the pseudorandom value is cryptographically strong, this will be prohibitively difficult.
- This technique requires Javascript, so it may not work for browsers that have Javascript disabled. [REF-331]
Mitigation
Do not use the GET method for any request that triggers a state change.
Mitigation
Check the HTTP Referer header to see if the request originated from an expected page. This could break legitimate functionality, because users or proxies may have disabled sending the Referer for privacy reasons.
CAPEC-111: JSON Hijacking (aka JavaScript Hijacking)
An attacker targets a system that uses JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) as a transport mechanism between the client and the server (common in Web 2.0 systems using AJAX) to steal possibly confidential information transmitted from the server back to the client inside the JSON object by taking advantage of the loophole in the browser's Same Origin Policy that does not prohibit JavaScript from one website to be included and executed in the context of another website.
CAPEC-462: Cross-Domain Search Timing
An attacker initiates cross domain HTTP / GET requests and times the server responses. The timing of these responses may leak important information on what is happening on the server. Browser's same origin policy prevents the attacker from directly reading the server responses (in the absence of any other weaknesses), but does not prevent the attacker from timing the responses to requests that the attacker issued cross domain.
CAPEC-467: Cross Site Identification
An attacker harvests identifying information about a victim via an active session that the victim's browser has with a social networking site. A victim may have the social networking site open in one tab or perhaps is simply using the "remember me" feature to keep their session with the social networking site active. An attacker induces a payload to execute in the victim's browser that transparently to the victim initiates a request to the social networking site (e.g., via available social network site APIs) to retrieve identifying information about a victim. While some of this information may be public, the attacker is able to harvest this information in context and may use it for further attacks on the user (e.g., spear phishing).
CAPEC-62: Cross Site Request Forgery
An attacker crafts malicious web links and distributes them (via web pages, email, etc.), typically in a targeted manner, hoping to induce users to click on the link and execute the malicious action against some third-party application. If successful, the action embedded in the malicious link will be processed and accepted by the targeted application with the users' privilege level. This type of attack leverages the persistence and implicit trust placed in user session cookies by many web applications today. In such an architecture, once the user authenticates to an application and a session cookie is created on the user's system, all following transactions for that session are authenticated using that cookie including potential actions initiated by an attacker and simply "riding" the existing session cookie.