{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-68759"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-347"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-08-12T16:17:16Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "A holder of a valid integration credential may impersonate other users under specific conditions.",
  "id": "GHSA-g827-5jxh-c39h",
  "modified": "2026-08-12T18:31:18Z",
  "published": "2026-08-12T18:31:18Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-68759"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://docs.jfrog.com/releases/docs/artifactory-self-managed-releases"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://docs.jfrog.com/releases/docs/jfrog-security-advisories"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-9487"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-347"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-10-10T22:15:11Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "An improper verification of cryptographic signature vulnerability was identified in GitHub Enterprise Server that allowed SAML SSO authentication to be bypassed resulting in unauthorized provisioning of users and access to the instance. Exploitation required the encrypted assertions feature to be enabled, and the attacker would require direct network access as well as a signed SAML response or metadata document. This vulnerability affected all versions of GitHub Enterprise Server prior to 3.15 and was fixed in versions 3.11.16, 3.12.10, 3.13.5, and 3.14.2. This vulnerability was reported via the GitHub Bug Bounty program.",
  "id": "GHSA-g83h-4727-5rpv",
  "modified": "2024-11-15T18:30:47Z",
  "published": "2024-10-11T00:31:34Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-9487"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://docs.github.com/en/enterprise-server@3.11/admin/release-notes#3.11.16"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://docs.github.com/en/enterprise-server@3.12/admin/release-notes#3.12.10"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://docs.github.com/en/enterprise-server@3.13/admin/release-notes#3.13.5"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://docs.github.com/en/enterprise-server@3.14/admin/release-notes#3.14.2"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:L/SC:H/SI:H/SA:L/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:U/V:C/RE:M/U:Red",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Packagist",
        "name": "simplesamlphp/saml2"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.10.6"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Packagist",
        "name": "simplesamlphp/saml2"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "2.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.3.8"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Packagist",
        "name": "simplesamlphp/saml2"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "3.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "3.1.4"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2018-7711"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-347"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2023-07-25T20:55:06Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2018-03-05T22:29:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "HTTPRedirect.php in the saml2 library in SimpleSAMLphp before 1.15.4 has an incorrect check of return values in the signature validation utilities, allowing an attacker to get invalid signatures accepted as valid by forcing an error during validation. This occurs because of a dependency on PHP functionality that interprets a -1 error code as a true boolean value.",
  "id": "GHSA-g888-g2pp-82hf",
  "modified": "2023-07-25T20:55:06Z",
  "published": "2022-05-14T03:34:12Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-7711"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/simplesamlphp/saml2/commit/4f6af7f69f29df8555a18b9bb7b646906b45924d"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/FriendsOfPHP/security-advisories/blob/master/simplesamlphp/saml2/CVE-2018-7711.yaml"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2018/03/msg00017.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://simplesamlphp.org/security/201803-01"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "SimpleSAMLphp saml2 incorrect signature validation"
}

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 10.0.9"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "NuGet",
        "name": "System.Security.Cryptography.Xml"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "10.0.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "10.0.10"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 9.0.17"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "NuGet",
        "name": "System.Security.Cryptography.Xml"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "9.0.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "9.0.18"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 8.0.3"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "NuGet",
        "name": "System.Security.Cryptography.Xml"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "8.0.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "8.0.4"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-47304"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-345",
      "CWE-347"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-07-20T22:44:42Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-07-14T19:17:08Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "## Executive summary\n\nMicrosoft is releasing this security advisory to provide information about a vulnerability in .NET XML Encryption (System.Security.Cryptography.Xml). This advisory also provides guidance on what developers can do to update their applications to remove this vulnerability.\n\nA security feature bypass vulnerability exists in the XML encryption implementation (EncryptedXml) in .NET 8, .NET 9, and .NET 10. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability to bypass encryption protections and access encrypted data.\n\n## Announcement\n\nAnnouncement for this issue can be found at https://github.com/dotnet/announcements/issues/412.\n\n## CVSS Details\n\n- **Version:** 3.1\n- **Severity:** High\n- **Score:** 8.1\n- **Vector:** `CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:U/RL:O/RC:C`\n- **Weakness:** CWE-347 (Improper Verification of Cryptographic Signature)\n\n## Affected Platforms\n\n- **Platforms:** All\n- **Architectures:** All\n\n## \u003ca name=\"affected-packages\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003eAffected Packages\nThe vulnerability affects any Microsoft .NET project if it uses any of affected package versions listed below\n\n### \u003ca name=\".NET 10.0\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e.NET 10.0\nPackage name | Affected version | Patched version\n------------ | ---------------- | -------------------------\n[System.Security.Cryptography.Xml](https://www.nuget.org/packages/System.Security.Cryptography.Xml)               | \u003e= 10.0.0, \u003c= 10.0.9 | 10.0.10\n\n### \u003ca name=\".NET 9.0\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e.NET 9.0\nPackage name | Affected version | Patched version\n------------ | ---------------- | -------------------------\n[System.Security.Cryptography.Xml](https://www.nuget.org/packages/System.Security.Cryptography.Xml)               | \u003e= 9.0.0, \u003c= 9.0.17 | 9.0.18\n\n### \u003ca name=\".NET 8.0\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e.NET 8.0\nPackage name | Affected version | Patched version\n------------ | ---------------- | -------------------------\n[System.Security.Cryptography.Xml](https://www.nuget.org/packages/System.Security.Cryptography.Xml)               | \u003e= 8.0.0, \u003c= 8.0.3 | 8.0.4\n\n## Advisory FAQ\n\n### \u003ca name=\"how-affected\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003eHow do I know if I am affected?\n\nIf using a package listed in [affected packages](#affected-packages), you\u0027re exposed to the vulnerability.\n\n### \u003ca name=\"how-fix\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003eHow do I fix the issue?\n\nTo update the System.Security.Cryptography.Xml NuGet package, use one of the following methods:\n\nNuGet Package Manager UI in Visual Studio:\n- Open your project in Visual Studio.\n- Right-click on your project in Solution Explorer and select \"Manage NuGet Packages...\" or navigate to \"Project \u003e Manage NuGet Packages\".\n- In the NuGet Package Manager window, select the \"Updates\" tab. This tab lists packages with available updates from your configured package sources.\n- Select the package(s) you wish to update. You can choose a specific version from the dropdown or update to the latest available version.\n- Click the \"Update\" button.\n\nUsing the NuGet Package Manager Console in Visual Studio:\n- Open your project in Visual Studio.\n- Navigate to \"Tools \u003e NuGet Package Manager \u003e Package Manager Console\".\n- To update a specific package to its latest version, use the following Update-Package command:\n\n```Update-Package -Id System.Security.Cryptography.Xml```\n\nUsing the .NET CLI (Command Line Interface):\n- Open a terminal or command prompt in your project\u0027s directory.\n- To update a specific package to its latest version, use the following add package command:\n\n```dotnet add package System.Security.Cryptography.Xml```\n\nOnce you have updated the nuget package reference you must recompile and deploy your application. Additionally we recommend you update your runtime and/or SDKs, but it is not necessary to patch the vulnerability.\n\n## Other Information\n\n### Reporting Security Issues\n\nIf you have found a potential security issue in a supported version of .NET, please report it to the Microsoft Security Response Center (MSRC) via the [MSRC Researcher Portal](https://msrc.microsoft.com/report/vulnerability/new). Further information can be found in the MSRC [Report an Issue FAQ](https://www.microsoft.com/msrc/faqs-report-an-issue).\n\nSecurity reports made through MSRC may qualify for the Microsoft .NET Bounty. Details of the Microsoft .NET Bounty Program including terms and conditions are at https://aka.ms/corebounty.\n\n### Support\n\nYou can ask questions about this issue on GitHub in the .NET GitHub organization. The main repos are located at https://github.com/dotnet/runtime. The Announcements repo (https://github.com/dotnet/Announcements) will contain this bulletin as an issue and will include a link to a discussion issue. You can ask questions in the linked discussion issue.\n\n### Disclaimer\n\nThe information provided in this advisory is provided \"as is\" without warranty of any kind. Microsoft disclaims all warranties, either express or implied, including the warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose. In no event shall Microsoft Corporation or its suppliers be liable for any damages whatsoever including direct, indirect, incidental, consequential, loss of business profits or special damages, even if Microsoft Corporation or its suppliers have been advised of the possibility of such damages. Some states do not allow the exclusion or limitation of liability for consequential or incidental damages so the foregoing limitation may not apply.\n\n### External Links\n\n[CVE-2026-47304]( https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-47304)\n\n### Acknowledgements\n\nLevi Broderick with Microsoft\n\n### Revisions\n\nV1.0 (July 14, 2026): Advisory published.",
  "id": "GHSA-g8r8-53c2-pm3f",
  "modified": "2026-07-21T16:49:11Z",
  "published": "2026-07-20T22:44:42Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/dotnet/runtime/security/advisories/GHSA-g8r8-53c2-pm3f"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-47304"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/dotnet/announcements/issues/412"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/dotnet/runtime/issues/130709"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/dotnet/runtime"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-47304"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Microsoft Security Advisory CVE-2026-47304 \u2013 .NET Security Feature Bypass Vulnerability"
}

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-59324"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-347"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-08-12T15:17:31Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "CPSD CryptoPro Secure Disk for Bitlocker before v7.7.4 fails to properly validate LUKS encryption and, if encryption is present, all CryptoPro file integrity checks are skipped.",
  "id": "GHSA-g8wr-64q9-3xm2",
  "modified": "2026-08-13T18:31:24Z",
  "published": "2026-08-12T15:30:46Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-59324"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://i.blackhat.com/BH-USA-26/Presentations/US-26-Burch-The-Cost-of-Obscurity-Wednesday.pdf"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://i.blackhat.com/BH-USA-26/Presentations/US-26-Burch-The-Cost-of-Obscurity-wp.pdf"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.cpsd.at/blog"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-10754"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-347"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-08-10T18:17:39Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Pega Platform versions 8.5.0 through 25.1.2 are affected by an improper validation of cryptographic signatures that may allow an attacker to bypass security controls.",
  "id": "GHSA-g9g7-h67p-37m6",
  "modified": "2026-08-10T18:32:17Z",
  "published": "2026-08-10T18:32:17Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-10754"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.pega.com/support-doc/pega-security-advisory-m26-vulnerability-remediation-note"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-7937"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-347"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-09-19T03:15:50Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "There is a vulnerability in the Supermicro BMC firmware validation logic at Supermicro MBD-X12STW . An attacker can update the system firmware with a specially crafted image.",
  "id": "GHSA-gcfh-vw6r-jgv8",
  "modified": "2025-09-19T03:30:52Z",
  "published": "2025-09-19T03:30:51Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-7937"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.supermicro.com/en/support/security_BMC_IPMI_Sept_2025"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-2763"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-347"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-04-23T17:16:54Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "CarlinKit CPC200-CCPA Improper Verification of Cryptographic Signature Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows physically present attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of CarlinKit CPC200-CCPA devices. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability.\n\nThe specific flaw exists within the handling of update packages on USB drives. The issue results from the lack of proper verification of a cryptographic signature. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of root. Was ZDI-CAN-24356.",
  "id": "GHSA-gfww-4w9g-j3mr",
  "modified": "2025-04-23T18:30:59Z",
  "published": "2025-04-23T18:30:59Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-2763"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-25-179"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-50720"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-347"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-08-19T14:17:32Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "The Ingenic T31 SoC boot ROM flash-boot verification path compares only a single 32-bit word of the RSA signature output against a single 32-bit word of the SHA-256 payload digest, rather than compare the full data. This allows an attacker with physical write access to boot media to forge modified SPL (Secondary Program Loader) images that pass secure boot verification without possession of the OEM signing key. Each forgery attempt succeeds with approximately 2/3 probability. This has been validated via reverse engineering, software emulation against vendor-signed images, and end-to-end hardware acceptance of a forged firmware image on a Wyze Video Doorbell v2 (T31X).",
  "id": "GHSA-gpwr-rgpw-7w8q",
  "modified": "2026-08-24T21:33:34Z",
  "published": "2026-08-19T15:32:26Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-50720"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://opensensor.io/security/ingenic-t31-bootrom-partial-verification"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 5.0.1"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "crates.io",
        "name": "zebra-script"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "6.0.0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "crates.io",
        "name": "zebrad"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "4.4.0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-44497"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-347"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-05-07T20:56:21Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-05-08T15:17:01Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "# CVE-2026-44497: Consensus Divergence in Transparent Sighash Hash-Type Handling due to Stale Buffer\n\n## Summary\n\nThe fix for https://github.com/ZcashFoundation/zebra/security/advisories/GHSA-8m29-fpq5-89jj introduced a separate issue due to insuficient error handling of the case where the sighash type is invalid, during sighash computation. Instead of returning an error, the normal flow would resume, and the input sighash buffer would be left untouched. In scenarios where a previous signature validation could leave a valid sighash in the buffer, an invalid hash-type could be incorrectly accepted, which would create a consensus split between Zebra and zcashd nodes.\n\n## Severity\n\n**Critical** - This is a Consensus Vulnerability that could allow a malicious party to induce network partitioning, service disruption, and potential double-spend attacks against affected nodes.\n\nNote that the impact is currently alleviated by the fact that currently most miners run `zcashd`.\n\n## Affected Versions\n\nZebra 4.3.1.\n\n## Description\n\nVerification of transparent transactions inherits the Bitcoin Script verification code in C++, called from Zebra through a foreign function interface (FFI) with a Rust callback that computes the sighash. The fix for  https://github.com/ZcashFoundation/zebra/security/advisories/GHSA-8m29-fpq5-89jj added the missing V5 hash-type consensus check on the Rust side, returning `None` for undefined hash types. However, the FFI bridge only writes to the C++ sighash buffer when the callback returns `Some`, and the C++ checker reads that buffer unconditionally, so the failure signal is lost.\n\nAn attacker could exploit this by:\n\n- Constructing a transparent output spent by a script that runs a valid `OP_CHECKSIGVERIFY` immediately before an `OP_CHECKSIG` with an undefined hash type.\n- The first opcode primes the C++ sighash buffer with a valid digest; the second causes Zebra\u0027s callback to return `None` while the C++ checker verifies the invalid signature against the stale digest.\n- Zebra accepts the spend, zcashd rejects it, creating a consensus split in the network.\n\n## Impact\n\n**Consensus Failure**\n\n- **Attack Vector:** Network.\n- **Effect:** Network partition/consensus split.\n- **Scope:** Any affected Zebra node, and any miner or template pipeline that relies on Zebra\u0027s validation result.\n\n## Fixed Versions\n\nThis issue is fixed in 4.4.0.\n\nThe fixes uses a workaround where the input buffer is filled with random bytes on validation failure, which makes signature validation fail (as expected) with overwhelming probability. This avoids a breaking release of the `zcash_script` crate. A future release will propagate the error correctly for a direct fix.\n\n## Mitigation\n\nUsers should upgrade to 4.4.0 or later immediately.\n\nThere are no known workarounds for this issue. Immediate upgrade is the only way to ensure the node remains on the correct consensus path and is protected against malicious chain forks.\n\n## Credits\n\nZebra thanks @sangsoo-osec for finding and reporting the issue.",
  "id": "GHSA-gq4h-3grw-2rhv",
  "modified": "2026-05-13T13:28:57Z",
  "published": "2026-05-07T20:56:21Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/ZcashFoundation/zebra/security/advisories/GHSA-gq4h-3grw-2rhv"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-44497"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/ZcashFoundation/zebra"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/ZcashFoundation/zebra/releases/tag/v4.4.0"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:H/SA:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Zebra has Consensus Divergence in Transparent Sighash Hash-Type Handling due to Stale Buffer"
}