Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-307
AllowedImproper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product does not implement sufficient measures to prevent multiple failed authentication attempts within a short time frame.
1002 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2025-64526 (GCVE-0-2025-64526)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-14 18:32 – Updated: 2026-05-16 00:49
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Strapi has a rate limit bypass on users-permissions plugin via attacker-controlled email keying
Summary
Strapi is an open source headless content management system. In Strapi versions prior to 5.45.0, the rate-limit middleware in the users-permissions plugin derived its rate-limit key in part from `ctx.request.body.email`, including on routes whose body schema does not contain an `email` field (`/auth/local`, `/auth/reset-password`, `/auth/change-password`). An unauthenticated attacker could include an arbitrary `email` value in the request body to obtain a fresh rate-limit key per request, effectively bypassing per-IP throttling on those routes and enabling high-volume credential brute-force, password-reset code brute-force, and credential-stuffing attempts. The rate-limit key was constructed as `${userIdentifier}:${requestPath}:${ctx.request.ip}`, where `userIdentifier = ctx.request.body.email`. On routes that legitimately use email as their identifier (e.g. `/auth/forgot-password`, `/auth/local/register`), this scoping is correct. On routes that use a different identifier (`identifier` for login, `code` for password reset, `currentPassword` for password change), the email field was not part of the route contract, but the middleware still incorporated it into the key, allowing a caller to rotate the value and obtain a unique key on every request. The patch in version 5.45.0 maintains an allow-list of routes that legitimately key on the email field and excludes that key component on every other route the middleware is mounted on. OAuth callback paths (`/connect/*`) are treated identifier-less. On routes outside the allow-list, the middleware now falls back to a fixed identifier-less key, ensuring per-IP throttling remains effective even when the request body is attacker-controlled.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-05-16 00:48 UTC
CWE
- CWE-307 - Improper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/strapi/strapi/security/advisor… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/strapi/strapi/pull/24818 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/strapi/strapi/commit/5e0d243cb… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/strapi/strapi/releases/tag/v5.45.0 | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| strapi | strapi |
Affected:
< 5.45.0
|
|
| strapi | @strapi/plugin-users-permissions |
Affected:
< 5.45.0
|
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CVE-2025-64310 (GCVE-0-2025-64310)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-11-21 02:36 – Updated: 2025-12-23 02:28
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
EPSON WebConfig and Epson Web Control for SEIKO EPSON Projector Products do not restrict excessive authentication attempts. An administrative user's password may be identified through a brute force attack.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-11-21 14:46 UTC
CWE
- CWE-307 - Improper restriction of excessive authentication attempts
Assigner
References
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| SEIKO EPSON CORPORATION | EPSON WebConfig for SEIKO EPSON Projector Products |
Affected:
see the information provided by the vendor
|
|
| SEIKO EPSON CORPORATION | Epson Web Control for SEIKO EPSON Projector Products |
Affected:
see the information provided by the vendor
|
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CVE-2025-64102 (GCVE-0-2025-64102)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-10-29 18:36 – Updated: 2025-10-30 14:53
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Zitadel allows brute-forcing authentication factors
Summary
Zitadel is open-source identity infrastructure software. Prior to 4.6.0, 3.4.3, and 2.71.18, an attacker can perform an online brute-force attack on OTP, TOTP, and passwords. While Zitadel allows preventing online brute force attacks in scenarios like TOTP, Email OTP, or passwords using a lockout mechanism. The mechanism is not enabled by default and can cause a denial of service for the corresponding user if enabled. Additionally, the mitigation strategies were not fully implemented in the more recent resource-based APIs. This vulnerability is fixed in 4.6.0, 3.4.3, and 2.71.18.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-10-30 14:53 UTC
CWE
- CWE-307 - Improper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/zitadel/zitadel/security/advis… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/zitadel/zitadel/commit/b8db8cd… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
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CVE-2025-62399 (GCVE-0-2025-62399)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-10-23 11:28 – Updated: 2025-10-23 14:52
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Moodle: password brute force risk when mobile/web services enabled
Summary
Moodle’s mobile and web service authentication endpoints did not sufficiently restrict repeated password attempts, making them susceptible to brute-force attacks.
Severity
7.5 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-10-23 14:51 UTC
CWE
- CWE-307 - Improper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-62399 | vdb-entryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2404432 | issue-trackingx_refsource_REDHAT |
Impacted products
Date Public
2025-10-14 04:00
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CVE-2025-62314 (GCVE-0-2025-62314)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-13 13:17 – Updated: 2026-08-13 15:52
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
HCL AION is affected by multiple security vulnerabilities.
Summary
HCL AION is affected by a vulnerability where certain endpoints lack sufficient anti-automation controls. Automated or scripted requests may be submitted without adequate rate limiting or challenge mechanisms, potentially resulting in unintended behavior or security impact under certain conditions.
Severity
5.6 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-13 15:52 UTC
CWE
- CWE-307 - Improper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| HCL Software | AION |
Affected:
v2.1.0
|
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CVE-2025-62313 (GCVE-0-2025-62313)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-14 16:07 – Updated: 2026-05-14 18:29
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
HCL AION is affected by a vulnerability where adequate protections against brute-force attempts are not enforced.
Summary
HCL AION is affected by a vulnerability where adequate protections against brute-force attempts are not enforced. This may allow repeated authentication attempts, potentially leading to unauthorized access or account compromise under certain conditions.
Severity
5.4 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-05-14 18:28 UTC
CWE
- CWE-307 - Improper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts
Assigner
References
1 reference
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CVE-2025-62257 (GCVE-0-2025-62257)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-10-29 23:24 – Updated: 2025-10-30 17:41
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
Password enumeration vulnerability in Liferay Portal 7.4.0 through 7.4.3.119, and older unsupported versions, and Liferay DXP 2024.Q1.1 through 2024.Q1.5, 2023.Q4.0 through 2023.Q4.10, 2023.Q3.1 through 2023.Q3.10, 7.4 GA through update 92, and older unsupported versions allows remote attackers to determine a user’s password even if account lockout is enabled via brute force attack.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-10-30 14:08 UTC
CWE
- CWE-307 - Improper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
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CVE-2025-59113 (GCVE-0-2025-59113)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-11-18 13:26 – Updated: 2025-12-05 12:21
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Bruteforce Protection Bypass in Windu CMS
Summary
Windu CMS implements weak client-side brute-force protection by using parameter loginError. Information about attempt count or timeout is not stored on the server, which allows a malicious attacker to bypass this brute-force protection by resetting this parameter.
Only version 4.1 was tested and confirmed as vulnerable.
This issue was fixed in version 4.1 build 2250.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-11-18 17:11 UTC
CWE
- CWE-307 - Improper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://windu.org | product |
| https://cert.pl/posts/2025/11/CVE-2025-59110 | third-party-advisory |
Date Public
2025-11-18 10:55
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CVE-2025-58587 (GCVE-0-2025-58587)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-10-06 07:03 – Updated: 2026-05-13 11:51
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Improper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts
Summary
The application does not implement sufficient measures to prevent multiple failed authentication attempts within a short time frame, making it possible for an attacker to guess user credentials.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-10-06 18:20 UTC
CWE
- CWE-307 - Improper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts
Assigner
References
6 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://sick.com/psirt | x_SICK PSIRT Security Advisories |
| https://www.sick.com/media/docs/9/19/719/special_… | x_SICK Operating Guidelines |
| https://www.cisa.gov/resources-tools/resources/ic… | x_ICS-CERT recommended practices on Industrial Security |
| https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/3.1 | x_CVSS v3.1 Calculator |
| https://www.sick.com/.well-known/csaf/white/2025/… | x_The canonical URL. |
| https://www.sick.com/.well-known/csaf/white/2025/… | vendor-advisory |
Impacted products
5 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| SICK AG | Baggage Analytics |
Affected:
0 , < 4.6.3
(custom)
|
|
| SICK AG | Tire Analytics |
Affected:
0 , < 4.6.3
(custom)
|
|
| SICK AG | Package Analytics |
Affected:
0 , < 4.6.3
(custom)
|
|
| SICK AG | Logistic Diagnostic Analytics |
Affected:
0 , < 4.6.3
(custom)
|
|
| SICK AG | Enterprise Analytics |
Affected:
all versions
(custom)
|
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CVE-2025-57815 (GCVE-0-2025-57815)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-09-08 21:11 – Updated: 2025-09-09 13:44
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Fides Lacks Brute-Force Protections on Authentication Endpoints
Summary
Fides is an open-source privacy engineering platform. Prior to version 2.69.1, the Fides Admin UI login endpoint relies on a general IP-based rate limit for all API traffic and lacks specific anti-automation controls designed to protect against brute-force attacks. This could allow attackers to conduct credential testing attacks, such as credential stuffing or password spraying, which poses a risk to accounts with weak or previously compromised passwords. Version 2.69.1 fixes the issue. For organizations with commercial Fides Enterprise licenses, configuring Single Sign-On (SSO) through an OIDC provider (like Azure, Google, or Okta) is an effective workaround. When OIDC SSO is enabled, username/password authentication can be disabled entirely, which eliminates this attack vector. This functionality is not available for Fides Open Source users.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-09-09 13:43 UTC
CWE
- CWE-307 - Improper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/ethyca/fides/security/advisori… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/ethyca/fides/commit/59903c195e… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/ethyca/fides/releases/tag/2.69.1 | x_refsource_MISC |
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Mitigation
Architecture and Design
- Common protection mechanisms include:
- Disconnecting the user after a small number of failed attempts
- Implementing a timeout
- Locking out a targeted account
- Requiring a computational task on the user's part.
Mitigation MIT-4
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid [REF-1482].
- Consider using libraries with authentication capabilities such as OpenSSL or the ESAPI Authenticator. [REF-45]
CAPEC-16: Dictionary-based Password Attack
An attacker tries each of the words in a dictionary as passwords to gain access to the system via some user's account. If the password chosen by the user was a word within the dictionary, this attack will be successful (in the absence of other mitigations). This is a specific instance of the password brute forcing attack pattern.
Dictionary Attacks differ from similar attacks such as Password Spraying (CAPEC-565) and Credential Stuffing (CAPEC-600), since they leverage unknown username/password combinations and don't care about inducing account lockouts.
CAPEC-49: Password Brute Forcing
An adversary tries every possible value for a password until they succeed. A brute force attack, if feasible computationally, will always be successful because it will essentially go through all possible passwords given the alphabet used (lower case letters, upper case letters, numbers, symbols, etc.) and the maximum length of the password.
CAPEC-560: Use of Known Domain Credentials
An adversary guesses or obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate credentials (e.g. userID/password) to achieve authentication and to perform authorized actions under the guise of an authenticated user or service.
CAPEC-565: Password Spraying
In a Password Spraying attack, an adversary tries a small list (e.g. 3-5) of common or expected passwords, often matching the target's complexity policy, against a known list of user accounts to gain valid credentials. The adversary tries a particular password for each user account, before moving onto the next password in the list. This approach assists the adversary in remaining undetected by avoiding rapid or frequent account lockouts. The adversary may then reattempt the process with additional passwords, once enough time has passed to prevent inducing a lockout.
CAPEC-600: Credential Stuffing
An adversary tries known username/password combinations against different systems, applications, or services to gain additional authenticated access. Credential Stuffing attacks rely upon the fact that many users leverage the same username/password combination for multiple systems, applications, and services.
CAPEC-652: Use of Known Kerberos Credentials
An adversary obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate Kerberos credentials (e.g. Kerberos service account userID/password or Kerberos Tickets) with the goal of achieving authenticated access to additional systems, applications, or services within the domain.
CAPEC-653: Use of Known Operating System Credentials
An adversary guesses or obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate operating system credentials (e.g. userID/password) to achieve authentication and to perform authorized actions on the system, under the guise of an authenticated user or service. This applies to any Operating System.