CWE-306
AllowedMissing Authentication for Critical Function
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product does not perform any authentication for functionality that requires a provable user identity or consumes a significant amount of resources.
3437 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-XV6G-6G23-79W2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-03-29 21:30 – Updated: 2023-04-06 15:30This vulnerability allows remote attackers to bypass authentication on affected installations of Ivanti Avalanche 6.3.3.101. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability. The specific flaw exists within the SetSettings class. The issue results from the lack of authentication prior to allowing access to functionality. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to bypass authentication on the system. Was ZDI-CAN-15919.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-36983"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-306",
"CWE-749"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-03-29T19:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "This vulnerability allows remote attackers to bypass authentication on affected installations of Ivanti Avalanche 6.3.3.101. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability. The specific flaw exists within the SetSettings class. The issue results from the lack of authentication prior to allowing access to functionality. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to bypass authentication on the system. Was ZDI-CAN-15919.",
"id": "GHSA-xv6g-6g23-79w2",
"modified": "2023-04-06T15:30:18Z",
"published": "2023-03-29T21:30:20Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-36983"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://download.wavelink.com/Files/avalanche_v6.3.4_release_notes.txt"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-22-788"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-XV8G-FJ9H-6GMV
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-10 01:18 – Updated: 2026-03-10 19:27The linkdave server does not enforce authentication on its REST and WebSocket routes in versions prior to 0.1.5.
Impact
An attacker with network access to the server port can:
- Connect to the WebSocket endpoint (/ws) and receive a valid session_id in the OpReady response.
- Use that session to invoke all REST player controls on any guild corresponding to their session id[1].
- Enumerate server statistics and runtime information via the unauthenticated /stats endpoint (still public after the fix).
[1] If on >=0.1.0, attackers are restricted to creating, controlling and deleting players created within their own session ID.
Vulnerable Routes
The following routes were entirely unauthenticated in >= 0.0.1, < 0.1.5:
| Method | Path | Description |
|---|---|---|
POST |
/sessions/{session_id}/players/{guild_id}/play |
Start audio playback |
POST |
/sessions/{session_id}/players/{guild_id}/pause |
Pause playback |
POST |
/sessions/{session_id}/players/{guild_id}/resume |
Resume playback |
POST |
/sessions/{session_id}/players/{guild_id}/stop |
Stop playback |
POST |
/sessions/{session_id}/players/{guild_id}/seek |
Seek to position |
PATCH |
/sessions/{session_id}/players/{guild_id}/volume |
Set volume |
DELETE |
/sessions/{session_id}/players/{guild_id} |
Disconnect from voice channel |
GET |
/ws |
WebSocket event stream |
Patches
Update to 0.1.5.
- image: ghcr.io/shi-gg/linkdave:0.1.4
+ image: ghcr.io/shi-gg/linkdave:latest
or
docker pull ghcr.io/shi-gg/linkdave:latest
After upgrading, set the LINKDAVE_PASSWORD environment variable to a strong secret value. If this variable is left unset, the server will still accept all connections without authentication even on >= 0.1.5.
Server configuration (e.g. compose.yml):
environment:
LINKDAVE_PASSWORD: ${LINKDAVE_PASSWORD}
echo "LINKDAVE_PASSWORD=$(openssl rand -hex 16)" >> .env
To restart the stack, run
docker compose up -d
TypeScript client (0.1.5+):
The client automatically handles authentication. Pass the password when constructing the client:
const linkdave = new LinkDaveClient({
nodes: [
{
name: "main",
url: process.env.LINKDAVE_URI,
password: process.env.LINKDAVE_PASSWORD
}
]
});
Workarounds
If upgrading is not immediately possible, restrict network access to the server's port using a firewall so it is only accessible from trusted internal IP addresses.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Go",
"name": "github.com/shi-gg/linkdave"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "0.1.5"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-306"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-03-10T01:18:20Z",
"nvd_published_at": null,
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "The `linkdave` server does not enforce authentication on its REST and WebSocket routes in versions prior to `0.1.5`.\n\n### Impact\n\nAn attacker with network access to the server port can:\n- Connect to the WebSocket endpoint (`/ws`) and receive a valid `session_id` in the `OpReady` response.\n- Use that session to invoke all REST player controls on any guild corresponding to their session id[1].\n- Enumerate server statistics and runtime information via the unauthenticated `/stats` endpoint (still public after the fix).\n\n[1] If on [`\u003e=0.1.0`](https://github.com/shi-gg/linkdave/releases/tag/v0.1.0), attackers are restricted to creating, controlling and deleting players created within their own session ID.\n\n### Vulnerable Routes\n\nThe following routes were entirely unauthenticated in `\u003e= 0.0.1, \u003c 0.1.5`:\n\n| Method | Path | Description |\n|--------|------|-------------|\n| `POST` | `/sessions/{session_id}/players/{guild_id}/play` | Start audio playback |\n| `POST` | `/sessions/{session_id}/players/{guild_id}/pause` | Pause playback |\n| `POST` | `/sessions/{session_id}/players/{guild_id}/resume` | Resume playback |\n| `POST` | `/sessions/{session_id}/players/{guild_id}/stop` | Stop playback |\n| `POST` | `/sessions/{session_id}/players/{guild_id}/seek` | Seek to position |\n| `PATCH` | `/sessions/{session_id}/players/{guild_id}/volume` | Set volume |\n| `DELETE` | `/sessions/{session_id}/players/{guild_id}` | Disconnect from voice channel |\n| `GET` | `/ws` | WebSocket event stream |\n\n### Patches\n\nUpdate to [`0.1.5`](https://github.com/shi-gg/linkdave/commit/0f9a00d9d549b16278db81fce6dfec350c2abc01).\n\n```diff\n- image: ghcr.io/shi-gg/linkdave:0.1.4\n+ image: ghcr.io/shi-gg/linkdave:latest\n```\nor\n```sh\ndocker pull ghcr.io/shi-gg/linkdave:latest\n```\n\nAfter upgrading, set the `LINKDAVE_PASSWORD` environment variable to a strong secret value. If this variable is left unset, the server will still accept all connections without authentication even on `\u003e= 0.1.5`.\n\n**Server configuration (e.g. `compose.yml`):**\n```sh\nenvironment:\n LINKDAVE_PASSWORD: ${LINKDAVE_PASSWORD}\n```\n```sh\necho \"LINKDAVE_PASSWORD=$(openssl rand -hex 16)\" \u003e\u003e .env\n```\n\nTo restart the stack, run\n```sh\ndocker compose up -d\n```\n\n**TypeScript client (`0.1.5+`):**\n\nThe client automatically handles authentication. Pass the password when constructing the client:\n```ts\nconst linkdave = new LinkDaveClient({\n nodes: [\n {\n name: \"main\",\n url: process.env.LINKDAVE_URI,\n password: process.env.LINKDAVE_PASSWORD\n }\n ]\n});\n```\n\n### Workarounds\n\nIf upgrading is not immediately possible, restrict network access to the server\u0027s port using a firewall so it is only accessible from trusted internal IP addresses.",
"id": "GHSA-xv8g-fj9h-6gmv",
"modified": "2026-03-10T19:27:55Z",
"published": "2026-03-10T01:18:20Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/shi-gg/linkdave/security/advisories/GHSA-xv8g-fj9h-6gmv"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/shi-gg/linkdave/commit/0f9a00d9d549b16278db81fce6dfec350c2abc01"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/shi-gg/linkdave"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "Linkdave Missing Authentication on REST and WebSocket endpoints"
}
GHSA-XVG9-FP4Q-JQ9W
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-24 21:32 – Updated: 2026-04-28 18:30CyberPanel versions prior to 2.4.4 contain an authentication bypass vulnerability in the AI Scanner worker API endpoints that allows unauthenticated remote attackers to write arbitrary data to the database by sending requests to the /api/ai-scanner/status-webhook and /api/ai-scanner/callback endpoints. Attackers can exploit the lack of authentication checks to cause denial of service through storage exhaustion, corrupt scan history records, and pollute database fields with malicious data.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-41473"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-306"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-04-24T21:16:19Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "CyberPanel versions prior to\u00a02.4.4 contain an authentication bypass vulnerability in the AI Scanner worker API endpoints that allows unauthenticated remote attackers to write arbitrary data to the database by sending requests to the /api/ai-scanner/status-webhook and /api/ai-scanner/callback endpoints. Attackers can exploit the lack of authentication checks to cause denial of service through storage exhaustion, corrupt scan history records, and pollute database fields with malicious data.",
"id": "GHSA-xvg9-fp4q-jq9w",
"modified": "2026-04-28T18:30:30Z",
"published": "2026-04-24T21:32:02Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-41473"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/usmannasir/cyberpanel/commit/0a099b1b193946555fbdd387a28486b1521f9961"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://itsrez.re/post/cyberpanel-rce"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/cyberpanel-unauthenticated-api-access-via-ai-scanner-endpoints"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-XVJW-M4JG-M2M4
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-17 18:35 – Updated: 2026-06-17 18:35Vulnerability in the WebCenter Content: Imaging product of Oracle Fusion Middleware (component: Core). Supported versions that are affected are 12.2.1.4.0 and 14.1.2.0.0. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise WebCenter Content: Imaging. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in takeover of WebCenter Content: Imaging. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 9.8 (Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-46783"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-306"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-17T10:53:55Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Vulnerability in the WebCenter Content: Imaging product of Oracle Fusion Middleware (component: Core). Supported versions that are affected are 12.2.1.4.0 and 14.1.2.0.0. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise WebCenter Content: Imaging. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in takeover of WebCenter Content: Imaging. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 9.8 (Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).",
"id": "GHSA-xvjw-m4jg-m2m4",
"modified": "2026-06-17T18:35:27Z",
"published": "2026-06-17T18:35:27Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-46783"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cspujun2026.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-XVMH-X39H-GWG8
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:19 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:19The web service on Epson WorkForce WF-2861 10.48 LQ22I3(Recovery-mode), WF-2861 10.51.LQ20I6, and WF-2861 10.52.LQ17IA devices allows remote attackers to upload a firmware file and reset the printer without authentication by making a request to the /DOWN/FIRMWAREUPDATE/ROM1 URI and a POST request to the /FIRMWAREUPDATE URI.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-19248"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-306"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-12-24T17:29:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "The web service on Epson WorkForce WF-2861 10.48 LQ22I3(Recovery-mode), WF-2861 10.51.LQ20I6, and WF-2861 10.52.LQ17IA devices allows remote attackers to upload a firmware file and reset the printer without authentication by making a request to the /DOWN/FIRMWAREUPDATE/ROM1 URI and a POST request to the /FIRMWAREUPDATE URI.",
"id": "GHSA-xvmh-x39h-gwg8",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:19:45Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:19:45Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-19248"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/epistemophilia/CVEs/blob/master/Epson-WorkForce-WF2861/CVE-2018-19248/poc-cve-2018-19248.py"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-XVXR-FCPP-G423
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:04 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:04The web management interface in Siemens RuggedCom ROS before 3.11, ROS 3.11 before 3.11.5 for RS950G, ROS 3.12, and ROS 4.0 for RSG2488 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (interface outage) via crafted HTTP packets.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2014-2590"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-306"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2014-04-01T06:29:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The web management interface in Siemens RuggedCom ROS before 3.11, ROS 3.11 before 3.11.5 for RS950G, ROS 3.12, and ROS 4.0 for RSG2488 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (interface outage) via crafted HTTP packets.",
"id": "GHSA-xvxr-fcpp-g423",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:04:06Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:04:06Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2014-2590"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://ics-cert.us-cert.gov/advisories/ICSA-14-087-01"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.siemens.com/innovation/pool/de/forschungsfelder/siemens_security_advisory_ssa-831997.pdf"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-XW8R-HMPG-QX28
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-27 21:31 – Updated: 2026-05-27 21:31Gladinet Triofox Cloud Server Agent Access Service (GladServerAgentService.exe) listens on TCP port 7878 and processes remote HTTP messages with URL paths starting with /resources, /status, /sysinfo, /woshome, /Settings, /schedule, or /DavCache.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-8364"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-306"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-05-27T20:16:43Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Gladinet Triofox Cloud Server Agent Access Service (GladServerAgentService.exe) listens on TCP port 7878 and processes remote HTTP messages with URL paths starting with /resources, /status, /sysinfo, /woshome, /Settings, /schedule, or /DavCache.",
"id": "GHSA-xw8r-hmpg-qx28",
"modified": "2026-05-27T21:31:26Z",
"published": "2026-05-27T21:31:26Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-8364"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.tenable.com/security/research/TRA-2026-45"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-XWCC-RXX8-V3M3
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-17 18:35 – Updated: 2026-06-17 18:35Vulnerability in the Oracle WebCenter Sites product of Oracle Fusion Middleware (component: WebCenter Sites). The supported version that is affected is 14.1.2.0.0. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise Oracle WebCenter Sites. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in takeover of Oracle WebCenter Sites. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 9.8 (Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-35293"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-306"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-17T10:40:21Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Vulnerability in the Oracle WebCenter Sites product of Oracle Fusion Middleware (component: WebCenter Sites). The supported version that is affected is 14.1.2.0.0. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise Oracle WebCenter Sites. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in takeover of Oracle WebCenter Sites. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 9.8 (Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).",
"id": "GHSA-xwcc-rxx8-v3m3",
"modified": "2026-06-17T18:35:23Z",
"published": "2026-06-17T18:35:23Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-35293"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cspujun2026.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-XWHC-MQXQ-RJ7W
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:13 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:13BAB TECHNOLOGIE GmbH eibPort V3 prior version 3.9.1 allow unauthenticated attackers access to /webif/SecurityModule to validate the so called and hard coded unique 'eibPort String' which acts as the root SSH key passphrase. This is usable and part of an attack chain to gain SSH root access.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-28913"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-306"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-09-09T18:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "BAB TECHNOLOGIE GmbH eibPort V3 prior version 3.9.1 allow unauthenticated attackers access to /webif/SecurityModule to validate the so called and hard coded unique \u0027eibPort String\u0027 which acts as the root SSH key passphrase. This is usable and part of an attack chain to gain SSH root access.",
"id": "GHSA-xwhc-mqxq-rj7w",
"modified": "2022-05-24T19:13:58Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:13:58Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-28913"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://psytester.github.io/CVE-2021-28913"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-XWJG-QXV6-28RV
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-07-22 00:00 – Updated: 2022-07-28 00:00Multiple vulnerabilities in Cisco Nexus Dashboard could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to execute arbitrary commands, read or upload container image files, or perform a cross-site request forgery attack. For more information about these vulnerabilities, see the Details section of this advisory.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-20857"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-306",
"CWE-78"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-07-21T04:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Multiple vulnerabilities in Cisco Nexus Dashboard could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to execute arbitrary commands, read or upload container image files, or perform a cross-site request forgery attack. For more information about these vulnerabilities, see the Details section of this advisory.",
"id": "GHSA-xwjg-qxv6-28rv",
"modified": "2022-07-28T00:00:41Z",
"published": "2022-07-22T00:00:39Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-20857"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-ndb-mhcvuln-vpsBPJ9y"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation
- Divide the software into anonymous, normal, privileged, and administrative areas. Identify which of these areas require a proven user identity, and use a centralized authentication capability.
- Identify all potential communication channels, or other means of interaction with the software, to ensure that all channels are appropriately protected, including those channels that are assumed to be accessible only by authorized parties. Developers sometimes perform authentication at the primary channel, but open up a secondary channel that is assumed to be private. For example, a login mechanism may be listening on one network port, but after successful authentication, it may open up a second port where it waits for the connection, but avoids authentication because it assumes that only the authenticated party will connect to the port.
- In general, if the software or protocol allows a single session or user state to persist across multiple connections or channels, authentication and appropriate credential management need to be used throughout.
Mitigation MIT-15
For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.
Mitigation
- Where possible, avoid implementing custom, "grow-your-own" authentication routines and consider using authentication capabilities as provided by the surrounding framework, operating system, or environment. These capabilities may avoid common weaknesses that are unique to authentication; support automatic auditing and tracking; and make it easier to provide a clear separation between authentication tasks and authorization tasks.
- In environments such as the World Wide Web, the line between authentication and authorization is sometimes blurred. If custom authentication routines are required instead of those provided by the server, then these routines must be applied to every single page, since these pages could be requested directly.
Mitigation MIT-4.5
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- For example, consider using libraries with authentication capabilities such as OpenSSL or the ESAPI Authenticator [REF-45].
Mitigation
When storing data in the cloud (e.g., S3 buckets, Azure blobs, Google Cloud Storage, etc.), use the provider's controls to require strong authentication for users who should be allowed to access the data [REF-1297] [REF-1298] [REF-1302].
CAPEC-12: Choosing Message Identifier
This pattern of attack is defined by the selection of messages distributed via multicast or public information channels that are intended for another client by determining the parameter value assigned to that client. This attack allows the adversary to gain access to potentially privileged information, and to possibly perpetrate other attacks through the distribution means by impersonation. If the channel/message being manipulated is an input rather than output mechanism for the system, (such as a command bus), this style of attack could be used to change the adversary's identifier to more a privileged one.
CAPEC-166: Force the System to Reset Values
An attacker forces the target into a previous state in order to leverage potential weaknesses in the target dependent upon a prior configuration or state-dependent factors. Even in cases where an attacker may not be able to directly control the configuration of the targeted application, they may be able to reset the configuration to a prior state since many applications implement reset functions.
CAPEC-216: Communication Channel Manipulation
An adversary manipulates a setting or parameter on communications channel in order to compromise its security. This can result in information exposure, insertion/removal of information from the communications stream, and/or potentially system compromise.
CAPEC-36: Using Unpublished Interfaces or Functionality
An adversary searches for and invokes interfaces or functionality that the target system designers did not intend to be publicly available. If interfaces fail to authenticate requests, the attacker may be able to invoke functionality they are not authorized for.
CAPEC-62: Cross Site Request Forgery
An attacker crafts malicious web links and distributes them (via web pages, email, etc.), typically in a targeted manner, hoping to induce users to click on the link and execute the malicious action against some third-party application. If successful, the action embedded in the malicious link will be processed and accepted by the targeted application with the users' privilege level. This type of attack leverages the persistence and implicit trust placed in user session cookies by many web applications today. In such an architecture, once the user authenticates to an application and a session cookie is created on the user's system, all following transactions for that session are authenticated using that cookie including potential actions initiated by an attacker and simply "riding" the existing session cookie.