Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-295

Allowed

Improper Certificate Validation

Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft

The product does not validate, or incorrectly validates, a certificate.

1919 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-65GG-3W2W-HR4H

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-06-25 21:57 – Updated: 2025-11-29 03:30
VLAI
Summary
Podman Improper Certificate Validation; machine missing TLS verification
Details

Impact

The podman machine init command fails to verify the TLS certificate when downloading the VM images from an OCI registry (which it does by default since 5.0.0) allowing a possible Man In The Middle attack.

Patches

https://github.com/containers/podman/commit/726b506acc8a00d99f1a3a1357ecf619a1f798c3 Fixed in v5.5.2

Workarounds

Download the disk image manually via some other tool that verifies the TLS connection. Then pass the local image as file path (podman machine init --image ./somepath)

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Go",
        "name": "github.com/containers/podman/v4"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "4.8.0"
            },
            {
              "last_affected": "4.9.5"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Go",
        "name": "github.com/containers/podman/v5"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.5.2"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-6032"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-295"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2025-06-25T21:57:00Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-06-24T14:15:30Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "### Impact\nThe podman machine init command fails to verify the TLS certificate when downloading the VM images from an OCI registry (which it does by default since 5.0.0) allowing a possible Man In The Middle attack.\n\n### Patches\nhttps://github.com/containers/podman/commit/726b506acc8a00d99f1a3a1357ecf619a1f798c3\nFixed in v5.5.2\n\n### Workarounds\nDownload the disk image manually via some other tool that verifies the TLS connection. Then pass the local image as file path (podman machine init --image ./somepath)",
  "id": "GHSA-65gg-3w2w-hr4h",
  "modified": "2025-11-29T03:30:15Z",
  "published": "2025-06-25T21:57:00Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/containers/podman/security/advisories/GHSA-65gg-3w2w-hr4h"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-6032"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/containers/podman/commit/726b506acc8a00d99f1a3a1357ecf619a1f798c3"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/containers/podman"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2372501"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-6032"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:9766"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:9751"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:9726"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:15397"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:11681"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:11677"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:11363"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:11359"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:10668"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:10551"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:10550"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:10549"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:10295"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Podman Improper Certificate Validation; machine missing TLS verification"
}

GHSA-65RM-H285-5CC5

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2019-08-16 14:02 – Updated: 2024-11-25 19:24
VLAI
Summary
Improper Certificate Validation in Twisted
Details

In words.protocols.jabber.xmlstream in Twisted through 19.2.1, XMPP support did not verify certificates when used with TLS, allowing an attacker to MITM connections.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "PyPI",
        "name": "Twisted"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "19.7.0rc1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2019-12855"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-295"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2019-08-12T15:06:23Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2019-06-16T12:29:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "In words.protocols.jabber.xmlstream in Twisted through 19.2.1, XMPP support did not verify certificates when used with TLS, allowing an attacker to MITM connections.",
  "id": "GHSA-65rm-h285-5cc5",
  "modified": "2024-11-25T19:24:13Z",
  "published": "2019-08-16T14:02:35Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-12855"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/twisted/twisted/pull/1147"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/twisted/PYSEC-2019-129.yaml"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/twisted/twisted"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/PLTZDMFBNFSJMBXYJNGJHENJA4H2TSMZ"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/PLTZDMFBNFSJMBXYJNGJHENJA4H2TSMZ"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://twistedmatrix.com/trac/ticket/9561"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/4308-1"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/4308-2"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuapr2020.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-09/msg00013.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-09/msg00028.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Improper Certificate Validation in Twisted"
}

GHSA-663H-2VR3-GHRJ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-02-23 18:32 – Updated: 2026-02-25 22:46
VLAI
Summary
yapi disables TLS/SSL certificate validation via rejectUnauthorized: false in Axios HTTPS agent
Details

An issue pertaining to CWE-295: Improper Certificate Validation was discovered in YMFE yapi v1.12.0. The application disables TLS/SSL certificate validation by setting 'rejectUnauthorized': false in the HTTPS agent configuration for Axios requests

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "yapi-vendor"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "last_affected": "1.12.0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-70058"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-295"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-02-25T22:46:40Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-02-23T16:29:36Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "An issue pertaining to CWE-295: Improper Certificate Validation was discovered in YMFE yapi v1.12.0. The application disables TLS/SSL certificate validation by setting \u0027rejectUnauthorized\u0027: false in the HTTPS agent configuration for Axios requests",
  "id": "GHSA-663h-2vr3-ghrj",
  "modified": "2026-02-25T22:46:40Z",
  "published": "2026-02-23T18:32:02Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-70058"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://gist.github.com/zcxlighthouse/11c53803faf23f607c2787c166e811d4"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/YMFE"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/YMFE/yapi"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/YMFE/yapi/blob/59bade3a8a43e7db077d38a4b0c7c584f30ddf8c/common/postmanLib.js#L110"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "yapi disables TLS/SSL certificate validation via rejectUnauthorized: false in Axios HTTPS agent"
}

GHSA-67FW-W8F2-88WP

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-08-01 18:32 – Updated: 2024-08-16 18:39
VLAI
Summary
casdoor's use of`ssh.InsecureIgnoreHostKey()` disables host key verification
Details

An issue discovered in casdoor v1.636.0 allows attackers to obtain sensitive information via the ssh.InsecureIgnoreHostKey() method.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Go",
        "name": "github.com/casdoor/casdoor"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "1.541.0"
            },
            {
              "last_affected": "1.636.0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-41264"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-200",
      "CWE-295",
      "CWE-297"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2024-08-02T13:29:15Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-08-01T16:15:06Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "An issue discovered in casdoor v1.636.0 allows attackers to obtain sensitive information via the `ssh.InsecureIgnoreHostKey()` method.",
  "id": "GHSA-67fw-w8f2-88wp",
  "modified": "2024-08-16T18:39:40Z",
  "published": "2024-08-01T18:32:50Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-41264"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://gist.github.com/nyxfqq/33ceaccbc9b05d439a944c2b55fa1c0f"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/casdoor/casdoor"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/casdoor/casdoor/blob/v1.636.0/object/viaSSHDialer.go"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://pkg.go.dev/vuln/GO-2024-3026"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "casdoor\u0027s use of`ssh.InsecureIgnoreHostKey()` disables host key verification"
}

GHSA-67JR-4GPH-P24H

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:37 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:37
VLAI
Details

IBM BigFix Compliance 1.7 through 1.9.91 (TEMA SUAv1 SCA SCM) does not validate, or incorrectly validates, a certificate.This weakness might allow an attacker to spoof a trusted entity by using a man-in-the-middle (MITM) attack. The software might connect to a malicious host while believing it is a trusted host, or the software might be deceived into accepting spoofed data that appears to originate from a trusted host. IBM X-Force ID: 123675.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2017-1200"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-295"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2019-02-05T18:29:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "IBM BigFix Compliance 1.7 through 1.9.91 (TEMA SUAv1 SCA SCM) does not validate, or incorrectly validates, a certificate.This weakness might allow an attacker to spoof a trusted entity by using a man-in-the-middle (MITM) attack. The software might connect to a malicious host while believing it is a trusted host, or the software might be deceived into accepting spoofed data that appears to originate from a trusted host. IBM X-Force ID: 123675.",
  "id": "GHSA-67jr-4gph-p24h",
  "modified": "2022-05-13T01:37:13Z",
  "published": "2022-05-13T01:37:13Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-1200"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/123675"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www-01.ibm.com/support/docview.wss?uid=ibm10737581"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-67MG-QMC3-GH6F

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:55 – Updated: 2024-04-04 01:54
VLAI
Details

Limesurvey before 3.17.14 does not enforce SSL/TLS usage in the default configuration.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2019-16179"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-295"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2019-09-09T21:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Limesurvey before 3.17.14 does not enforce SSL/TLS usage in the default configuration.",
  "id": "GHSA-67mg-qmc3-gh6f",
  "modified": "2024-04-04T01:54:20Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T16:55:44Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-16179"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/LimeSurvey/LimeSurvey/commit/5870fd1037058bc4e43cccf893b576c72293371e#diff-d539f3f8185667ee48db78e1bf65a3b4R42"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.limesurvey.org/limesurvey-updates/2188-limesurvey-3-17-14-build-190902-released"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-67MR-6F82-P9VQ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 02:47 – Updated: 2022-05-14 02:47
VLAI
Details

The com.softphone.common package in the Grandstream Wave app 1.0.1.26 and earlier for Android does not properly validate SSL certificates, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof the Grandstream provisioning server via a crafted certificate.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2016-1519"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-295"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2017-04-21T20:59:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "The com.softphone.common package in the Grandstream Wave app 1.0.1.26 and earlier for Android does not properly validate SSL certificates, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof the Grandstream provisioning server via a crafted certificate.",
  "id": "GHSA-67mr-6f82-p9vq",
  "modified": "2022-05-14T02:47:00Z",
  "published": "2022-05-14T02:47:00Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-1519"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://rt-solutions.de/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/CVE-2016-1519-gswave-tls-mitm.pdf"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/136290/Grandstream-Wave-1.0.1.26-TLS-Man-In-The-Middle.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/archive/1/537819/100/0/threaded"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-67WP-8RC4-MVRW

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-01-19 18:30 – Updated: 2026-01-19 18:30
VLAI
Details

An Improper Certificate Validation vulnerability in the OPC-UA client and ANSL over TLS client used in Automation Studio versions before 6.5 could allow an unauthenticated attacker on the network to position themselves to intercept and interfere with data exchanges.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-11043"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-295"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-01-19T16:15:52Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "An Improper Certificate Validation vulnerability in the OPC-UA client and ANSL over TLS client used in Automation Studio versions before 6.5 could allow an unauthenticated attacker on the network to position themselves to intercept and interfere with data exchanges.",
  "id": "GHSA-67wp-8rc4-mvrw",
  "modified": "2026-01-19T18:30:25Z",
  "published": "2026-01-19T18:30:25Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-11043"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.br-automation.com/fileadmin/SA25P004-4f45197f.pdf"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-684G-2532-25MP

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 02:34 – Updated: 2022-05-17 02:34
VLAI
Details

An issue was discovered in certain Apple products. macOS before 10.12.5 is affected. The issue involves the "802.1X" component. It allows remote attackers to discover the network credentials of arbitrary users by operating a crafted network that requires 802.1X authentication, because EAP-TLS certificate validation mishandles certificate changes.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2017-6988"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-295"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2017-05-22T05:29:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "An issue was discovered in certain Apple products. macOS before 10.12.5 is affected. The issue involves the \"802.1X\" component. It allows remote attackers to discover the network credentials of arbitrary users by operating a crafted network that requires 802.1X authentication, because EAP-TLS certificate validation mishandles certificate changes.",
  "id": "GHSA-684g-2532-25mp",
  "modified": "2022-05-17T02:34:18Z",
  "published": "2022-05-17T02:34:18Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-6988"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/HT207797"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1038484"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-686Q-7454-35QJ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-01-31 00:30 – Updated: 2025-06-30 18:31
VLAI
Details

This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to compromise the integrity of downloaded information on affected installations of Pioneer DMH-WT7600NEX devices. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability.

The specific flaw exists within the telematics functionality, which operates over HTTPS. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the certificate presented by the server. An attacker can leverage this in conjunction with other vulnerabilities to execute arbitrary code in the context of root.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-23928"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-295",
      "CWE-863"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-01-31T00:15:09Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to compromise the integrity of downloaded information on affected installations of Pioneer DMH-WT7600NEX devices. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability.\n\nThe specific flaw exists within the telematics functionality, which operates over HTTPS. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the certificate presented by the server. An attacker can leverage this in conjunction with other vulnerabilities to execute arbitrary code in the context of root.",
  "id": "GHSA-686q-7454-35qj",
  "modified": "2025-06-30T18:31:43Z",
  "published": "2025-01-31T00:30:44Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-23928"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://jpn.pioneer/ja/car/dl/dmh-sz700_sf700"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-24-1045"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

Mitigation
Architecture and Design Implementation

Certificates should be carefully managed and checked to assure that data are encrypted with the intended owner's public key.

Mitigation
Implementation

If certificate pinning is being used, ensure that all relevant properties of the certificate are fully validated before the certificate is pinned, including the hostname.

CAPEC-459: Creating a Rogue Certification Authority Certificate

An adversary exploits a weakness resulting from using a hashing algorithm with weak collision resistance to generate certificate signing requests (CSR) that contain collision blocks in their "to be signed" parts. The adversary submits one CSR to be signed by a trusted certificate authority then uses the signed blob to make a second certificate appear signed by said certificate authority. Due to the hash collision, both certificates, though different, hash to the same value and so the signed blob works just as well in the second certificate. The net effect is that the adversary's second X.509 certificate, which the Certification Authority has never seen, is now signed and validated by that Certification Authority.

CAPEC-475: Signature Spoofing by Improper Validation

An adversary exploits a cryptographic weakness in the signature verification algorithm implementation to generate a valid signature without knowing the key.