Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-295

Allowed

Improper Certificate Validation

Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft

The product does not validate, or incorrectly validates, a certificate.

1911 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-HC2Q-W3C3-348M

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:07 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:07
VLAI
Details

Emissary-Ingress (formerly Ambassador API Gateway) through 1.13.9 allows attackers to bypass client certificate requirements (i.e., mTLS cert_required) on backend upstreams when more than one TLSContext is defined and at least one configuration exists that does not require client certificate authentication. The attacker must send an SNI specifying an unprotected backend and an HTTP Host header specifying a protected backend.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-36371"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-295"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-07-09T21:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Emissary-Ingress (formerly Ambassador API Gateway) through 1.13.9 allows attackers to bypass client certificate requirements (i.e., mTLS cert_required) on backend upstreams when more than one TLSContext is defined and at least one configuration exists that does not require client certificate authentication. The attacker must send an SNI specifying an unprotected backend and an HTTP Host header specifying a protected backend.",
  "id": "GHSA-hc2q-w3c3-348m",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T19:07:19Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T19:07:19Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-36371"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/emissary-ingress/emissary/issues/3340"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/emissary-ingress/emissary/releases/tag/v2.0.0-ea"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-HC4M-GMH3-4VXP

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-02 03:48 – Updated: 2022-05-02 03:48
VLAI
Details

libraries/libldap/tls_o.c in OpenLDAP 2.2 and 2.4, and possibly other versions, when OpenSSL is used, does not properly handle a '\0' character in a domain name in the subject's Common Name (CN) field of an X.509 certificate, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof arbitrary SSL servers via a crafted certificate issued by a legitimate Certification Authority, a related issue to CVE-2009-2408.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2009-3767"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-295"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2009-10-23T19:30:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "libraries/libldap/tls_o.c in OpenLDAP 2.2 and 2.4, and possibly other versions, when OpenSSL is used, does not properly handle a \u0027\\0\u0027 character in a domain name in the subject\u0027s Common Name (CN) field of an X.509 certificate, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof arbitrary SSL servers via a crafted certificate issued by a legitimate Certification Authority, a related issue to CVE-2009-2408.",
  "id": "GHSA-hc4m-gmh3-4vxp",
  "modified": "2022-05-02T03:48:23Z",
  "published": "2022-05-02T03:48:23Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2009-3767"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://oval.cisecurity.org/repository/search/definition/oval%3Aorg.mitre.oval%3Adef%3A11178"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://oval.cisecurity.org/repository/search/definition/oval%3Aorg.mitre.oval%3Adef%3A7274"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://lists.apple.com/archives/security-announce/2009/Nov/msg00000.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://lists.fedoraproject.org/pipermail/package-announce/2010-March/036138.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2009-10/msg00001.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://marc.info/?l=oss-security\u0026m=125198917018936\u0026w=2"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://marc.info/?l=oss-security\u0026m=125369675820512\u0026w=2"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/38769"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/40677"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://security.gentoo.org/glsa/glsa-201406-36.xml"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://support.apple.com/kb/HT3937"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.openldap.org/devel/cvsweb.cgi/libraries/libldap/tls_o.c.diff?r1=1.8\u0026r2=1.11\u0026f=h"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.redhat.com/support/errata/RHSA-2010-0543.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.redhat.com/support/errata/RHSA-2011-0896.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.vupen.com/english/advisories/2009/3056"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.vupen.com/english/advisories/2010/1858"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-HC88-JRP9-M46P

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-09-19 18:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 07:44
VLAI
Details

MiniTool Power Data Recovery 11.5 contains an insecure in-app payment system that allows attackers to steal highly sensitive information through a man in the middle attack.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-38353"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-295"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-09-19T16:15:11Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "MiniTool Power Data Recovery 11.5 contains an insecure in-app payment system that allows attackers to steal highly sensitive information through a man in the middle attack.",
  "id": "GHSA-hc88-jrp9-m46p",
  "modified": "2024-04-04T07:44:20Z",
  "published": "2023-09-19T18:30:16Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-38353"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://0dr3f.github.io/cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-HCVP-GMJ3-5G5V

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:11 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:11
VLAI
Details

In GNOME evolution-rss through 0.3.96, network-soup.c does not enable TLS certificate verification on the SoupSessionSync objects it creates, leaving users vulnerable to network MITM attacks. NOTE: this is similar to CVE-2016-20011.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-39361"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-295"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-08-22T19:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "In GNOME evolution-rss through 0.3.96, network-soup.c does not enable TLS certificate verification on the SoupSessionSync objects it creates, leaving users vulnerable to network MITM attacks. NOTE: this is similar to CVE-2016-20011.",
  "id": "GHSA-hcvp-gmj3-5g5v",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T19:11:51Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T19:11:51Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-39361"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://blogs.gnome.org/mcatanzaro/2021/05/25/reminder-soupsessionsync-and-soupsessionasync-default-to-no-tls-certificate-verification"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/evolution-rss/-/issues/11"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-HCWR-Q245-XP6F

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 02:39 – Updated: 2025-04-20 03:39
VLAI
Details

The "KC Area Credit Union Mobile Banking" by K C Area Credit Union app 3.0.1 -- aka kc-area-credit-union-mobile-banking/id1097607736 for iOS does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and obtain sensitive information via a crafted certificate.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2017-9574"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-295"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2017-06-16T12:29:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "The \"KC Area Credit Union Mobile Banking\" by K C Area Credit Union app 3.0.1 -- aka kc-area-credit-union-mobile-banking/id1097607736 for iOS does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and obtain sensitive information via a crafted certificate.",
  "id": "GHSA-hcwr-q245-xp6f",
  "modified": "2025-04-20T03:39:12Z",
  "published": "2022-05-17T02:39:40Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-9574"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://medium.com/%40chronic_9612/advisory-44-credit-union-apps-for-ios-may-allow-login-credential-exposure-4d2f380b85c5"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://medium.com/@chronic_9612/advisory-44-credit-union-apps-for-ios-may-allow-login-credential-exposure-4d2f380b85c5"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-HF82-6JFF-F22V

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-03 09:31 – Updated: 2026-07-06 18:30
VLAI
Details

libcurl keeps previously used connections in a connection pool for subsequent transfers to reuse if one of them matches the setup.

An easy handle that first uses default native CA trust can continue trusting the native platform store after the application switches that same handle to custom CA material for a later transfer.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-11564"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-295"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-07-03T07:16:23Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "libcurl keeps previously used connections in a connection pool for subsequent\ntransfers to reuse if one of them matches the setup.\n\nAn easy handle that first uses default native CA trust can continue trusting\nthe native platform store after the application switches that same handle to\ncustom CA material for a later transfer.",
  "id": "GHSA-hf82-6jff-f22v",
  "modified": "2026-07-06T18:30:47Z",
  "published": "2026-07-03T09:31:25Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-11564"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://hackerone.com/reports/3788984"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://curl.se/docs/CVE-2026-11564.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://curl.se/docs/CVE-2026-11564.json"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-HFXC-7RP9-XW9W

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-11-02 06:32 – Updated: 2024-11-04 15:31
VLAI
Details

qBittorrent before 5.0.1 proceeds with use of https URLs even after certificate validation errors.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-51774"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-295"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-11-02T06:15:03Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "qBittorrent before 5.0.1 proceeds with use of https URLs even after certificate validation errors.",
  "id": "GHSA-hfxc-7rp9-xw9w",
  "modified": "2024-11-04T15:31:56Z",
  "published": "2024-11-02T06:32:01Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-51774"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=42004219"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://sharpsec.run/rce-vulnerability-in-qbittorrent"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.qbittorrent.org/news"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-HG39-JWRC-32X5

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-08-28 15:30 – Updated: 2025-09-23 18:30
VLAI
Details

Improper Certificate Validation in Checkmk Exchange plugin BGP Monitoring allows attackers in MitM position to intercept traffic.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-58123"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-295"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-08-28T13:16:09Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Improper Certificate Validation in Checkmk Exchange plugin BGP Monitoring allows attackers in MitM position to intercept traffic.",
  "id": "GHSA-hg39-jwrc-32x5",
  "modified": "2025-09-23T18:30:21Z",
  "published": "2025-08-28T15:30:42Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-58123"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://exchange.checkmk.com/p/bgp-mon"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:H/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-HG75-4CMP-F367

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-10 06:31 – Updated: 2026-04-27 18:32
VLAI
Details

wolfSSL_X509_verify_cert in the OpenSSL compatibility layer accepts a certificate chain in which the leaf's signature is not checked, if the attacker supplies an untrusted intermediate with Basic Constraints CA:FALSE that is legitimately signed by a trusted root. An attacker who obtains any leaf certificate from a trusted CA (e.g. a free DV cert from Let's Encrypt) can forge a certificate for any subject name with any public key and arbitrary signature bytes, and the function returns WOLFSSL_SUCCESS / X509_V_OK. The native wolfSSL TLS handshake path (ProcessPeerCerts) is not susceptible and the issue is limited to applications using the OpenSSL compatibility API directly, which would include integrations of wolfSSL into nginx and haproxy.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-5501"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-295"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-04-10T04:17:17Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "wolfSSL_X509_verify_cert in the OpenSSL compatibility layer accepts a certificate chain in which the leaf\u0027s signature is not checked, if the attacker supplies an untrusted intermediate with Basic Constraints `CA:FALSE` that is legitimately signed by a trusted root. An attacker who obtains any leaf certificate from a trusted CA (e.g. a free DV cert from Let\u0027s Encrypt) can forge a certificate for any subject name with any public key and arbitrary signature bytes, and the function returns `WOLFSSL_SUCCESS` / `X509_V_OK`. The native wolfSSL TLS handshake path (`ProcessPeerCerts`) is not susceptible and the issue is limited to applications using the OpenSSL compatibility API directly, which would include integrations of wolfSSL into nginx and haproxy.",
  "id": "GHSA-hg75-4cmp-f367",
  "modified": "2026-04-27T18:32:02Z",
  "published": "2026-04-10T06:31:38Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-5501"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/wolfSSL/wolfssl/pull/10102"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-HGCW-M9R8-99RP

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2021-12-02 00:00 – Updated: 2022-05-13 00:01
VLAI
Details

Affected versions of CODESYS Git in Versions prior to V1.1.0.0 lack certificate validation in HTTPS handshakes. CODESYS Git does not implement certificate validation by default, so it does not verify that the server provides a valid and trusted HTTPS certificate. Since the certificate of the server to which the connection is made is not properly verified, the server connection is vulnerable to a man-in-the-middle attack.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-34599"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-295"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-12-01T09:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Affected versions of CODESYS Git in Versions prior to V1.1.0.0 lack certificate validation in HTTPS handshakes. CODESYS Git does not implement certificate validation by default, so it does not verify that the server provides a valid and trusted HTTPS certificate. Since the certificate of the server to which the connection is made is not properly verified, the server connection is vulnerable to a man-in-the-middle attack.",
  "id": "GHSA-hgcw-m9r8-99rp",
  "modified": "2022-05-13T00:01:13Z",
  "published": "2021-12-02T00:00:52Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-34599"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://customers.codesys.com/index.php?eID=dumpFile\u0026t=f\u0026f=16959\u0026token=3ce11e44a3277c4520d732ea2e630f2e06bd46ff\u0026download"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

Mitigation
Architecture and Design Implementation

Certificates should be carefully managed and checked to assure that data are encrypted with the intended owner's public key.

Mitigation
Implementation

If certificate pinning is being used, ensure that all relevant properties of the certificate are fully validated before the certificate is pinned, including the hostname.

CAPEC-459: Creating a Rogue Certification Authority Certificate

An adversary exploits a weakness resulting from using a hashing algorithm with weak collision resistance to generate certificate signing requests (CSR) that contain collision blocks in their "to be signed" parts. The adversary submits one CSR to be signed by a trusted certificate authority then uses the signed blob to make a second certificate appear signed by said certificate authority. Due to the hash collision, both certificates, though different, hash to the same value and so the signed blob works just as well in the second certificate. The net effect is that the adversary's second X.509 certificate, which the Certification Authority has never seen, is now signed and validated by that Certification Authority.

CAPEC-475: Signature Spoofing by Improper Validation

An adversary exploits a cryptographic weakness in the signature verification algorithm implementation to generate a valid signature without knowing the key.