Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-287

Discouraged

Improper Authentication

Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft

When an actor claims to have a given identity, the product does not prove or insufficiently proves that the claim is correct.

5984 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-R6PV-MQWG-XQ5G

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 05:16 – Updated: 2026-06-03 15:30
VLAI
Details

Rockwell Automation EtherNet/IP products; 1756-ENBT, 1756-EWEB, 1768-ENBT, and 1768-EWEB communication modules; CompactLogix L32E and L35E controllers; 1788-ENBT FLEXLogix adapter; 1794-AENTR FLEX I/O EtherNet/IP adapter; ControlLogix 18 and earlier; CompactLogix 18 and earlier; GuardLogix 18 and earlier; SoftLogix 18 and earlier; CompactLogix controllers 19 and earlier; SoftLogix controllers 19 and earlier; ControlLogix controllers 20 and earlier; GuardLogix controllers 20 and earlier; and MicroLogix 1100 and 1400 do not properly perform authentication for Ethernet firmware updates, which allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a Trojan horse update image.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2012-6437"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2013-01-24T21:55:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Rockwell Automation EtherNet/IP products; 1756-ENBT, 1756-EWEB, 1768-ENBT, and 1768-EWEB communication modules; CompactLogix L32E and L35E controllers; 1788-ENBT FLEXLogix adapter; 1794-AENTR FLEX I/O EtherNet/IP adapter; ControlLogix 18 and earlier; CompactLogix 18 and earlier; GuardLogix 18 and earlier; SoftLogix 18 and earlier; CompactLogix controllers 19 and earlier; SoftLogix controllers 19 and earlier; ControlLogix controllers 20 and earlier; GuardLogix controllers 20 and earlier; and MicroLogix 1100 and 1400 do not properly perform authentication for Ethernet firmware updates, which allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a Trojan horse update image.",
  "id": "GHSA-r6pv-mqwg-xq5g",
  "modified": "2026-06-03T15:30:31Z",
  "published": "2022-05-17T05:16:38Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2012-6437"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://rockwellautomation.custhelp.com/app/answers/detail/a_id/470154"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://rockwellautomation.custhelp.com/app/answers/detail/aid/470155"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://rockwellautomation.custhelp.com/app/answers/detail/aid/470156"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/ics-advisories/icsa-13-011-03"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://rockwellautomation.custhelp.com/app/answers/detail/a_id/54102"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.us-cert.gov/control_systems/pdf/ICSA-13-011-03.pdf"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-R6RH-C775-H225

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-05-12 21:31 – Updated: 2025-05-12 21:31
VLAI
Details

Improper authentication handling was identified in a set of HTTP POST requests affecting the following product families:

  • Digi PortServer TS - prior to and including 82000747_AA, build date 06/17/2022

  • Digi One SP/Digi One SP IA/Digi One IA - prior to and including 82000774_Z, build date 10/19/2020

  • Digi One IAP – prior to and including 82000770 Z, build date 10/19/2020

A specially crafted POST request to the device’s web interface may allow an unauthenticated attacker to modify configuration settings.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-3659"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-05-12T21:15:46Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "Improper authentication handling was identified in a set of HTTP POST requests affecting the following product families: \n\n  *  Digi PortServer TS - prior to and including 82000747_AA, build date 06/17/2022\n\n\n  *  Digi One SP/Digi One SP IA/Digi One IA - prior to and including 82000774_Z, build date 10/19/2020\n\n\n  *  Digi One IAP \u2013 prior to and including 82000770 Z, build date 10/19/2020\n\n\n\n\nA specially crafted POST request to the device\u2019s web interface may allow an unauthenticated attacker to modify configuration settings.",
  "id": "GHSA-r6rh-c775-h225",
  "modified": "2025-05-12T21:31:10Z",
  "published": "2025-05-12T21:31:09Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-3659"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://hub.digi.com/support/products/infrastructure-management/digi-one-iap-haz"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://hub.digi.com/support/products/infrastructure-management/digi-one-sp-ia"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://hub.digi.com/support/products/infrastructure-management/digi-portserver-ts"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.digi.com/getattachment/Resources/Security/Alerts/Improper-authentication-handling-for-Digi-PortServ/improper-authentication-handling.pdf"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:L/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-R6V9-P59M-GJ2P

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-09-02 21:55 – Updated: 2024-11-18 16:26
VLAI
Summary
Indy's NODE_UPGRADE transaction vulnerable to remote code execution
Details

Impact

The pool-upgrade request handler in Indy-Node <=1.12.4 allows an improperly authenticated attacker to remotely execute code on nodes within the network.

Network operators are strongly encouraged to upgrade to the latest Indy-Node release >=1.12.5 as soon as possible.

Patches

The pool-upgrade request handler in Indy-Node >=1.12.5 has been updated to properly authenticate pool-upgrade transactions before any processing is performed by the request handler. The transactions are further sanitized to prevent remote code execution.

Mitigations

Network operators are strongly encouraged to upgrade to the latest Indy-Node release >=1.12.5 as soon as possible.

Acknowledgements

Thank you to @shakreiner at CyberArk Labs for finding and responsibly disclosing this issue.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "PyPI",
        "name": "indy-node"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.12.5rc1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-31020"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2022-09-02T21:55:20Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-09-06T17:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "### Impact\n\nThe `pool-upgrade` request handler in Indy-Node `\u003c=1.12.4` allows an improperly authenticated attacker to remotely execute code on nodes within the network.\n\nNetwork operators are strongly encouraged to upgrade to the latest Indy-Node release `\u003e=1.12.5` as soon as possible.\n\n### Patches\n\nThe `pool-upgrade` request handler in Indy-Node `\u003e=1.12.5` has been updated to properly authenticate `pool-upgrade` transactions before any processing is performed by the request handler.  The transactions are further sanitized to prevent remote code execution.\n\n### Mitigations\n\nNetwork operators are strongly encouraged to upgrade to the latest Indy-Node release `\u003e=1.12.5` as soon as possible.\n\n### Acknowledgements\nThank you to @shakreiner at CyberArk Labs for finding and responsibly disclosing this issue.",
  "id": "GHSA-r6v9-p59m-gj2p",
  "modified": "2024-11-18T16:26:27Z",
  "published": "2022-09-02T21:55:20Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/hyperledger/indy-node/security/advisories/GHSA-r6v9-p59m-gj2p"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-31020"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/hyperledger/indy-node/commit/fe507474f77084faef4539101e2bbb4d508a97f5"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/hyperledger/indy-node"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/hyperledger/indy-node/releases/tag/v1.12.5"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/indy-node/PYSEC-2022-265.yaml"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Indy\u0027s NODE_UPGRADE transaction vulnerable to remote code execution"
}

GHSA-R6VX-C8R8-FM3X

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:20 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:20
VLAI
Details

TRENDnet TEW-751DR v1.03B03, TEW-752DRU v1.03B01, and TEW733GR v1.03B01 devices allow authentication bypass via an AUTHORIZED_GROUP=1 value, as demonstrated by a request for getcfg.php.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2018-7034"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2018-02-14T16:29:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "TRENDnet TEW-751DR v1.03B03, TEW-752DRU v1.03B01, and TEW733GR v1.03B01 devices allow authentication bypass via an AUTHORIZED_GROUP=1 value, as demonstrated by a request for getcfg.php.",
  "id": "GHSA-r6vx-c8r8-fm3x",
  "modified": "2022-05-13T01:20:31Z",
  "published": "2022-05-13T01:20:31Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-7034"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://blogs.securiteam.com/index.php/archives/3627"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-R6WP-29QW-VXR5

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-04-01 00:30 – Updated: 2026-04-02 21:32
VLAI
Details

A logic issue was addressed with improved state management. This issue is fixed in visionOS 2.4, macOS Ventura 13.7.5, tvOS 18.4, iPadOS 17.7.6, iOS 18.4 and iPadOS 18.4, macOS Sonoma 14.7.5. A malicious app may be able to attempt passcode entries on a locked device and thereby cause escalating time delays after 4 failures.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-30432"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-03-31T23:15:25Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A logic issue was addressed with improved state management. This issue is fixed in visionOS 2.4, macOS Ventura 13.7.5, tvOS 18.4, iPadOS 17.7.6, iOS 18.4 and iPadOS 18.4, macOS Sonoma 14.7.5. A malicious app may be able to attempt passcode entries on a locked device and thereby cause escalating time delays after 4 failures.",
  "id": "GHSA-r6wp-29qw-vxr5",
  "modified": "2026-04-02T21:32:17Z",
  "published": "2025-04-01T00:30:41Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-30432"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/122371"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/122372"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/122374"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/122375"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/122376"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/122377"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/122378"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2025/Apr/10"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2025/Apr/11"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2025/Apr/12"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2025/Apr/13"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2025/Apr/4"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2025/Apr/5"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2025/Apr/9"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-R6X2-CPWM-CR43

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 00:56 – Updated: 2022-05-14 00:56
VLAI
Details

The master external node classification script in Puppet Enterprise before 3.2.0 does not verify the identity of consoles, which allows remote attackers to create arbitrary classifications on the master by spoofing a console.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2013-4966"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2014-03-09T13:16:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "The master external node classification script in Puppet Enterprise before 3.2.0 does not verify the identity of consoles, which allows remote attackers to create arbitrary classifications on the master by spoofing a console.",
  "id": "GHSA-r6x2-cpwm-cr43",
  "modified": "2022-05-14T00:56:50Z",
  "published": "2022-05-14T00:56:50Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2013-4966"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://puppetlabs.com/security/cve/cve-2013-4966"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1029873"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-R6X8-QMH8-PFM4

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 02:48 – Updated: 2022-05-17 02:48
VLAI
Details

An insufficient authentication vulnerability in Juniper Networks NorthStar Controller Application prior to version 2.1.0 Service Pack 1 may allow an unprivileged, authenticated, user to execute certain specific unprivileged system files capable of causing widespread denials of system services.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2017-2329"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2017-04-24T15:59:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "An insufficient authentication vulnerability in Juniper Networks NorthStar Controller Application prior to version 2.1.0 Service Pack 1 may allow an unprivileged, authenticated, user to execute certain specific unprivileged system files capable of causing widespread denials of system services.",
  "id": "GHSA-r6x8-qmh8-pfm4",
  "modified": "2022-05-17T02:48:11Z",
  "published": "2022-05-17T02:48:11Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-2329"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://kb.juniper.net/JSA10783"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/97614"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-R74Q-XWHP-Q6R9

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-03-31 18:30 – Updated: 2023-04-11 06:30
VLAI
Details

An issue was discovered in LemonLDAP::NG before 2.16.1. Weak session ID generation in the AuthBasic handler and incorrect failure handling during a password check allow attackers to bypass 2FA verification. Any plugin that tries to deny session creation after the store step does not deny an AuthBasic session.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-28862"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-03-31T17:15:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "An issue was discovered in LemonLDAP::NG before 2.16.1. Weak session ID generation in the AuthBasic handler and incorrect failure handling during a password check allow attackers to bypass 2FA verification. Any plugin that tries to deny session creation after the store step does not deny an AuthBasic session.",
  "id": "GHSA-r74q-xwhp-q6r9",
  "modified": "2023-04-11T06:30:29Z",
  "published": "2023-03-31T18:30:21Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-28862"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://gitlab.ow2.org/lemonldap-ng/lemonldap-ng/-/issues/2896"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://gitlab.ow2.org/lemonldap-ng/lemonldap-ng/-/releases/v2.16.1"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2023/07/msg00018.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-R76H-M46C-JFWG

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 00:37 – Updated: 2022-05-17 00:37
VLAI
Details

MauryCMS 0.53.2 and earlier does not require administrative authentication for Editors/fckeditor/editor/filemanager/browser/default/browser.html, which allows remote attackers to upload arbitrary files via a direct request.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2008-6951"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2009-08-12T10:30:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "MauryCMS 0.53.2 and earlier does not require administrative authentication for Editors/fckeditor/editor/filemanager/browser/default/browser.html, which allows remote attackers to upload arbitrary files via a direct request.",
  "id": "GHSA-r76h-m46c-jfwg",
  "modified": "2022-05-17T00:37:15Z",
  "published": "2022-05-17T00:37:15Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2008-6951"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/46802"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/7203"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/32787"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/32439"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-R78C-53RF-GHJM

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:36 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:36
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability in Trend Micro InterScan Web Security Virtual Appliance 6.5 SP2 could allow an attacker to manipulate system updates using a combination of CSRF bypass (CVE-2020-8461) and authentication bypass (CVE-2020-8464) to execute code as user root.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2020-8465"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2020-12-17T21:15:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability in Trend Micro InterScan Web Security Virtual Appliance 6.5 SP2 could allow an attacker to manipulate system updates using a combination of CSRF bypass (CVE-2020-8461) and authentication bypass (CVE-2020-8464) to execute code as user root.",
  "id": "GHSA-r78c-53rf-ghjm",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T17:36:48Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T17:36:48Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-8465"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://sec-consult.com/vulnerability-lab/advisory/multiple-critical-vulnerabilities-in-trend-micro-interscan-web-security-virtual-appliance"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://success.trendmicro.com/solution/000283077"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks

Use an authentication framework or library such as the OWASP ESAPI Authentication feature.

CAPEC-114: Authentication Abuse

An attacker obtains unauthorized access to an application, service or device either through knowledge of the inherent weaknesses of an authentication mechanism, or by exploiting a flaw in the authentication scheme's implementation. In such an attack an authentication mechanism is functioning but a carefully controlled sequence of events causes the mechanism to grant access to the attacker.

CAPEC-115: Authentication Bypass

An attacker gains access to application, service, or device with the privileges of an authorized or privileged user by evading or circumventing an authentication mechanism. The attacker is therefore able to access protected data without authentication ever having taken place.

CAPEC-151: Identity Spoofing

Identity Spoofing refers to the action of assuming (i.e., taking on) the identity of some other entity (human or non-human) and then using that identity to accomplish a goal. An adversary may craft messages that appear to come from a different principle or use stolen / spoofed authentication credentials.

CAPEC-194: Fake the Source of Data

An adversary takes advantage of improper authentication to provide data or services under a falsified identity. The purpose of using the falsified identity may be to prevent traceability of the provided data or to assume the rights granted to another individual. One of the simplest forms of this attack would be the creation of an email message with a modified "From" field in order to appear that the message was sent from someone other than the actual sender. The root of the attack (in this case the email system) fails to properly authenticate the source and this results in the reader incorrectly performing the instructed action. Results of the attack vary depending on the details of the attack, but common results include privilege escalation, obfuscation of other attacks, and data corruption/manipulation.

CAPEC-22: Exploiting Trust in Client

An attack of this type exploits vulnerabilities in client/server communication channel authentication and data integrity. It leverages the implicit trust a server places in the client, or more importantly, that which the server believes is the client. An attacker executes this type of attack by communicating directly with the server where the server believes it is communicating only with a valid client. There are numerous variations of this type of attack.

CAPEC-57: Utilizing REST's Trust in the System Resource to Obtain Sensitive Data

This attack utilizes a REST(REpresentational State Transfer)-style applications' trust in the system resources and environment to obtain sensitive data once SSL is terminated.

CAPEC-593: Session Hijacking

This type of attack involves an adversary that exploits weaknesses in an application's use of sessions in performing authentication. The adversary is able to steal or manipulate an active session and use it to gain unathorized access to the application.

CAPEC-633: Token Impersonation

An adversary exploits a weakness in authentication to create an access token (or equivalent) that impersonates a different entity, and then associates a process/thread to that that impersonated token. This action causes a downstream user to make a decision or take action that is based on the assumed identity, and not the response that blocks the adversary.

CAPEC-650: Upload a Web Shell to a Web Server

By exploiting insufficient permissions, it is possible to upload a web shell to a web server in such a way that it can be executed remotely. This shell can have various capabilities, thereby acting as a "gateway" to the underlying web server. The shell might execute at the higher permission level of the web server, providing the ability the execute malicious code at elevated levels.

CAPEC-94: Adversary in the Middle (AiTM)

An adversary targets the communication between two components (typically client and server), in order to alter or obtain data from transactions. A general approach entails the adversary placing themself within the communication channel between the two components.