CWE-287
DiscouragedImproper Authentication
Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft
When an actor claims to have a given identity, the product does not prove or insufficiently proves that the claim is correct.
5978 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-Q4QM-XHF9-4P8F
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-06-03 00:01 – Updated: 2024-09-20 20:09All versions of Flower, a web UI for the Celery Python RPC framework, as of 05-02-2022 are vulnerable to an OAuth authentication bypass. An attacker could then access the Flower API to discover and invoke arbitrary Celery RPC calls or deny service by shutting down Celery task nodes. A fix was released in version 1.2.0.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "flower"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.2.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-30034"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2022-06-03T22:29:21Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2022-06-02T14:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "All versions of Flower, a web UI for the Celery Python RPC framework, as of 05-02-2022 are vulnerable to an OAuth authentication bypass. An attacker could then access the Flower API to discover and invoke arbitrary Celery RPC calls or deny service by shutting down Celery task nodes. A fix was released in version 1.2.0.",
"id": "GHSA-q4qm-xhf9-4p8f",
"modified": "2024-09-20T20:09:21Z",
"published": "2022-06-03T00:01:07Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-30034"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/mher/flower/issues/1217"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/mher/flower/pull/1216"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/mher/flower"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/flower/PYSEC-2022-42973.yaml"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://tprynn.github.io/2022/05/26/flower-vulns.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://githubcommherflower.com"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "Flower OAuth authentication bypass"
}
GHSA-Q4R8-XM5F-56GW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-19 16:27 – Updated: 2026-04-08 11:57Summary
An attacker can force a Step CA SCEP provisioner to create certificates without completing certain protocol authorization checks.
Details
SCEP requests carry a message type. On receipt of a SCEP request, Step CA starts processing it by parsing its contents. Message types that were considered valid, but not explicitly supported in Step CA, would result in getting parsed successfully. While processing the parsed SCEP message, authorization logic would be skipped for the non-supported message types.
As a result, the request would be treated as authorized, bypassing the authorization checks normally enforced as part of the SCEP protocol and its implementation in Step CA.
Authorization webhooks and regular CA policies, such as allowed names and restrictions on certificate validity periods, remain in place.
Mitigations
If you are unable to upgrade to v0.30.0 or newer, the attack can be mitigated by (temporarily) disabling or removing SCEP provisioners, or restricting access to SCEP provisioners to trusted clients only.
Fix
In v0.30.0, additional validation was added to SCEP provisioners, so that they reject unsupported message types.
Acknowledgements
This issue was identified and reported by Prasanth Sundararajan.
Embargo List
If your organization runs Step CA in production and would like advance, embargoed notification of future security updates, visit https://u.step.sm/disclosure to request inclusion on our embargo list.
Stay safe, and thank you for helping us keep the ecosystem secure.
If you have urgent questions, please contact security@smallstep.com.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Go",
"name": "github.com/smallstep/certificates"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "0.30.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-30836"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287",
"CWE-295"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-03-19T16:27:53Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2026-03-19T21:17:09Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "## Summary\n\nAn attacker can force a Step CA SCEP provisioner to create certificates without completing certain protocol authorization checks.\n\n## Details\n\nSCEP requests carry a message type. On receipt of a SCEP request, Step CA starts processing it by parsing its contents. Message types that were considered valid, but not explicitly supported in Step CA, would result in getting parsed successfully. While processing the parsed SCEP message, authorization logic would be skipped for the non-supported message types.\n\nAs a result, the request would be treated as authorized, bypassing the authorization checks normally enforced as part of the SCEP protocol and its implementation in Step CA.\n\nAuthorization webhooks and regular CA policies, such as allowed names and restrictions on certificate validity periods, remain in place.\n\n## Mitigations\n\nIf you are unable to upgrade to v0.30.0 or newer, the attack can be mitigated by (temporarily) disabling or removing SCEP provisioners, or restricting access to SCEP provisioners to trusted clients only.\n\n## Fix\n\nIn v0.30.0, additional validation was added to SCEP provisioners, so that they reject unsupported message types.\n\n## Acknowledgements\n\nThis issue was identified and reported by Prasanth Sundararajan.\n\n## Embargo List\n\nIf your organization runs Step CA in production and would like advance, embargoed notification of future security updates, visit https://u.step.sm/disclosure to request inclusion on our embargo list.\n\nStay safe, and thank you for helping us keep the ecosystem secure.\n\nIf you have urgent questions, please contact [security@smallstep.com](mailto:security@smallstep.com).",
"id": "GHSA-q4r8-xm5f-56gw",
"modified": "2026-04-08T11:57:49Z",
"published": "2026-03-19T16:27:53Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/smallstep/certificates/security/advisories/GHSA-q4r8-xm5f-56gw"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-30836"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/smallstep/certificates/commit/e6da031d5125cfd99fe9a26f74bb41e4dacca4ef"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/smallstep/certificates"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/smallstep/certificates/releases/tag/v0.30.0-rc7"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "step-ca has Unauthenticated Certificate Issuance via SCEP UpdateReq (MessageType=18)"
}
GHSA-Q4RC-J4H5-9M6H
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-06-13 18:31 – Updated: 2024-09-05 18:30HPE Cray Parallel Application Launch Service (PALS) is subject to an authentication bypass.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-22441"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-06-13T16:15:10Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "HPE Cray Parallel Application Launch Service (PALS) is subject to an authentication bypass.",
"id": "GHSA-q4rc-j4h5-9m6h",
"modified": "2024-09-05T18:30:49Z",
"published": "2024-06-13T18:31:58Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-22441"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.hpe.com/hpesc/public/docDisplay?docId=hpesbcr04653en_us\u0026docLocale=en_US"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-Q4X9-46WJ-F2CJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-10-24 15:31 – Updated: 2025-10-24 15:31Dell Storage Center - Dell Storage Manager, version(s) 20.1.21, contain(s) an Improper Authentication vulnerability. An unauthenticated attacker with remote access could potentially exploit this vulnerability, leading to Protection mechanism bypass. Authentication Bypass in DSM Data Collector. An unauthenticated remote attacker can access APIs exposed by ApiProxy.war in DataCollectorEar.ear by using a special SessionKey and UserId. These userid are special users created in compellentservicesapi for special purposes.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-43995"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-10-24T15:15:38Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Dell Storage Center - Dell Storage Manager, version(s) 20.1.21, contain(s) an Improper Authentication vulnerability. An unauthenticated attacker with remote access could potentially exploit this vulnerability, leading to Protection mechanism bypass. Authentication Bypass in DSM Data Collector. An unauthenticated remote attacker can access APIs exposed by ApiProxy.war in DataCollectorEar.ear by using a special SessionKey and UserId. These userid are special users created in compellentservicesapi for special purposes.",
"id": "GHSA-q4x9-46wj-f2cj",
"modified": "2025-10-24T15:31:26Z",
"published": "2025-10-24T15:31:26Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-43995"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.dell.com/support/kbdoc/en-us/000382899/dsa-2025-393-security-update-for-storage-center-dell-storage-manager-vulnerabilities"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-Q4XF-7MGC-P628
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-01-11 00:32 – Updated: 2025-01-11 00:32A user with administrator privileges is able to retrieve authentication tokens
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-9133"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-01-10T22:15:26Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A user with administrator privileges is able to retrieve authentication tokens",
"id": "GHSA-q4xf-7mgc-p628",
"modified": "2025-01-11T00:32:05Z",
"published": "2025-01-11T00:32:05Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-9133"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.arista.com/en/support/advisories-notices/security-advisory/20454-security-advisory-0105"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-Q52J-4Q2Q-HCJ6
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2019-02-18 23:39 – Updated: 2021-09-16 19:31Affected versions of the console-io package do not configure the underlying websocket library to require authentication, resulting in an authentication bypass vulnerability. As console-io allows terminal access on the server via a web page, an authentication bypass is essentially remote code execution.
Recommendation
Update to version 2.3.0 or later.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "console-io"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.3.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2016-10532"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2020-06-16T21:51:03Z",
"nvd_published_at": null,
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Affected versions of the `console-io` package do not configure the underlying websocket library to require authentication, resulting in an authentication bypass vulnerability. As `console-io` allows terminal access on the server via a web page, an authentication bypass is essentially remote code execution.\n\n\n\n## Recommendation\n\nUpdate to version 2.3.0 or later.",
"id": "GHSA-q52j-4q2q-hcj6",
"modified": "2021-09-16T19:31:28Z",
"published": "2019-02-18T23:39:39Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-10532"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-q52j-4q2q-hcj6"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.npmjs.com/advisories/90"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Authentication Bypass in console-io"
}
GHSA-Q52X-CG29-XRXR
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 04:45 – Updated: 2025-07-02 21:31The Festo CECX-X-C1 Modular Master Controller with CoDeSys and CECX-X-M1 Modular Controller with CoDeSys and SoftMotion do not require authentication for connections to certain TCP ports, which allows remote attackers to (1) modify the configuration via a request to the debug service on port 4000 or (2) delete log entries via a request to the log service on port 4001.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2014-0769"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2014-04-25T05:12:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "The Festo CECX-X-C1 Modular Master Controller with CoDeSys and CECX-X-M1 Modular Controller with CoDeSys and SoftMotion do not require authentication for connections to certain TCP ports, which allows remote attackers to (1) modify the configuration via a request to the debug service on port 4000 or (2) delete log entries via a request to the log service on port 4001.",
"id": "GHSA-q52x-cg29-xrxr",
"modified": "2025-07-02T21:31:54Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T04:45:43Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2014-0769"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/ics-advisories/icsa-14-084-01"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://ics-cert.us-cert.gov/advisories/ICSA-14-084-01"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-Q53X-4F23-HQ3J
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-04-18 18:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 03:32A CWE-287: Improper Authentication vulnerability exists that could allow a device to be compromised when a key of less than seven digits is entered and the attacker has access to the KNX installation.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-25556"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-04-18T18:15:07Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "\nA CWE-287: Improper Authentication vulnerability exists that could allow a device to be\ncompromised when a key of less than seven digits is entered and the attacker has access to the\nKNX installation.\n\n",
"id": "GHSA-q53x-4f23-hq3j",
"modified": "2024-04-04T03:32:12Z",
"published": "2023-04-18T18:30:29Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-25556"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://download.schneider-electric.com/files?p_Doc_Ref=SEVD-2023-045-03\u0026p_enDocType=Security+and+Safety+Notice\u0026p_File_Name=SEVD-2023-045-03.pdf"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-Q55Q-MWV4-X93Q
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-09-09 00:00 – Updated: 2022-09-14 00:00A vulnerability in the IPSec VPN Server authentication functionality of Cisco Small Business RV110W, RV130, RV130W, and RV215W Routers could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to bypass authentication controls and access the IPSec VPN network. This vulnerability is due to the improper implementation of the password validation algorithm. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by logging in to the VPN from an affected device with crafted credentials. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to bypass authentication and access the IPSec VPN network. The attacker may obtain privileges that are the same level as an administrative user, depending on the crafted credentials that are used. Cisco has not released software updates that address this vulnerability.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-20923"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-09-08T13:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "A vulnerability in the IPSec VPN Server authentication functionality of Cisco Small Business RV110W, RV130, RV130W, and RV215W Routers could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to bypass authentication controls and access the IPSec VPN network. This vulnerability is due to the improper implementation of the password validation algorithm. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by logging in to the VPN from an affected device with crafted credentials. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to bypass authentication and access the IPSec VPN network. The attacker may obtain privileges that are the same level as an administrative user, depending on the crafted credentials that are used. Cisco has not released software updates that address this vulnerability.",
"id": "GHSA-q55q-mwv4-x93q",
"modified": "2022-09-14T00:00:42Z",
"published": "2022-09-09T00:00:57Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-20923"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-sb-rv-vpnbypass-Cpheup9O"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-Q566-6JPJ-4X53
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 03:16 – Updated: 2022-05-14 03:16Authentication Bypass vulnerability in Accellion kiteworks before 2017.01.00 allows remote attackers to execute certain API calls on behalf of a web user using a gathered token via a POST request to /oauth/token.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-9421"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-05-24T13:29:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Authentication Bypass vulnerability in Accellion kiteworks before 2017.01.00 allows remote attackers to execute certain API calls on behalf of a web user using a gathered token via a POST request to /oauth/token.",
"id": "GHSA-q566-6jpj-4x53",
"modified": "2022-05-14T03:16:18Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T03:16:18Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-9421"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/jer1nj0y/Vulns/blob/master/Kiteworks%20Vulnerability"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
Use an authentication framework or library such as the OWASP ESAPI Authentication feature.
CAPEC-114: Authentication Abuse
An attacker obtains unauthorized access to an application, service or device either through knowledge of the inherent weaknesses of an authentication mechanism, or by exploiting a flaw in the authentication scheme's implementation. In such an attack an authentication mechanism is functioning but a carefully controlled sequence of events causes the mechanism to grant access to the attacker.
CAPEC-115: Authentication Bypass
An attacker gains access to application, service, or device with the privileges of an authorized or privileged user by evading or circumventing an authentication mechanism. The attacker is therefore able to access protected data without authentication ever having taken place.
CAPEC-151: Identity Spoofing
Identity Spoofing refers to the action of assuming (i.e., taking on) the identity of some other entity (human or non-human) and then using that identity to accomplish a goal. An adversary may craft messages that appear to come from a different principle or use stolen / spoofed authentication credentials.
CAPEC-194: Fake the Source of Data
An adversary takes advantage of improper authentication to provide data or services under a falsified identity. The purpose of using the falsified identity may be to prevent traceability of the provided data or to assume the rights granted to another individual. One of the simplest forms of this attack would be the creation of an email message with a modified "From" field in order to appear that the message was sent from someone other than the actual sender. The root of the attack (in this case the email system) fails to properly authenticate the source and this results in the reader incorrectly performing the instructed action. Results of the attack vary depending on the details of the attack, but common results include privilege escalation, obfuscation of other attacks, and data corruption/manipulation.
CAPEC-22: Exploiting Trust in Client
An attack of this type exploits vulnerabilities in client/server communication channel authentication and data integrity. It leverages the implicit trust a server places in the client, or more importantly, that which the server believes is the client. An attacker executes this type of attack by communicating directly with the server where the server believes it is communicating only with a valid client. There are numerous variations of this type of attack.
CAPEC-57: Utilizing REST's Trust in the System Resource to Obtain Sensitive Data
This attack utilizes a REST(REpresentational State Transfer)-style applications' trust in the system resources and environment to obtain sensitive data once SSL is terminated.
CAPEC-593: Session Hijacking
This type of attack involves an adversary that exploits weaknesses in an application's use of sessions in performing authentication. The adversary is able to steal or manipulate an active session and use it to gain unathorized access to the application.
CAPEC-633: Token Impersonation
An adversary exploits a weakness in authentication to create an access token (or equivalent) that impersonates a different entity, and then associates a process/thread to that that impersonated token. This action causes a downstream user to make a decision or take action that is based on the assumed identity, and not the response that blocks the adversary.
CAPEC-650: Upload a Web Shell to a Web Server
By exploiting insufficient permissions, it is possible to upload a web shell to a web server in such a way that it can be executed remotely. This shell can have various capabilities, thereby acting as a "gateway" to the underlying web server. The shell might execute at the higher permission level of the web server, providing the ability the execute malicious code at elevated levels.
CAPEC-94: Adversary in the Middle (AiTM)
An adversary targets the communication between two components (typically client and server), in order to alter or obtain data from transactions. A general approach entails the adversary placing themself within the communication channel between the two components.