Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-287

Discouraged

Improper Authentication

Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft

When an actor claims to have a given identity, the product does not prove or insufficiently proves that the claim is correct.

5952 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-J47P-8PVG-JPPH

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-07-02 21:32 – Updated: 2024-07-02 21:32
VLAI
Details

Improper authentication in SmartThings prior to version 1.8.17 allows remote attackers to bypass the expiration date for members set by the owner.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-34596"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-07-02T10:15:08Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Improper authentication in SmartThings prior to version 1.8.17 allows remote attackers to bypass the expiration date for members set by the owner.",
  "id": "GHSA-j47p-8pvg-jpph",
  "modified": "2024-07-02T21:32:13Z",
  "published": "2024-07-02T21:32:13Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-34596"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.samsungmobile.com/serviceWeb.smsb?year=2024\u0026month=07"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-J49M-FVHP-27F5

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-02-10 00:00 – Updated: 2022-03-17 00:05
VLAI
Details

An incorrect check in the component cdr.php of Voipmonitor GUI before v24.96 allows unauthenticated attackers to escalate privileges via a crafted request.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-24259"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-269",
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-02-04T17:15:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "An incorrect check in the component cdr.php of Voipmonitor GUI before v24.96 allows unauthenticated attackers to escalate privileges via a crafted request.",
  "id": "GHSA-j49m-fvhp-27f5",
  "modified": "2022-03-17T00:05:56Z",
  "published": "2022-02-10T00:00:51Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-24259"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://kerbit.io/research/read/blog/3"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.voipmonitor.org/changelog-gui?major=5"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-J4G7-V4M4-77PX

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-11-14 21:11 – Updated: 2025-11-14 21:11
VLAI
Summary
ZITADEL is vulnerable to Account Takeover with deactivated Instance IdP
Details

Summary

A vulnerability in ZITADEL's federation process allowed auto-linking users from external identity providers to existing users in ZITADEL even if the corresponding IdP was not active or if the organization did not allow federated authentication.

Impact

This vulnerability stems from the platform's failure to correctly check or enforce an organization's specific security settings during the authentication flow. An Organization Administrator can explicitly disable an IdP or disallow federation, but this setting was not being honored during the auto-linking process.

This allowed an unauthenticated attacker to initiate a login using an IdP that should have been disabled for that organization. The platform would incorrectly validate the login and, based on a matching criteria, link the attacker's external identity to an existing internal user account.

This may result in a full Account Takeover, bypassing the organization's mandated security controls. Note that accounts with MFA enabled can not be taken over by this attack. Also note that only IdPs create on an instance level would allow this to work. IdPs registered on another organization would always be denied in the (auto-)linking process.

Affected Versions

Systems running one of the following versions are affected: - v4.x: 4.0.0-rc.1 through 4.6.5 - v3.x: 3.0.0-rc.1 through 3.4.3 - v2.x: 2.50.0 through 2.71.18

Patches

The vulnerability has been addressed in the latest release. The patch resolves the issue by correctly validating the organization's login policy before auto-linking an external user.

  • v4.x: Upgrade to version 4.6.6 or later.
  • v3.x: Update to version 3.4.4 or later.
  • v2.x: Update to version 2.71.19 or later.

Workarounds

Upgrading to a patched version is the recommended solution.

Questions

If you have any questions or comments about this advisory, please email Zitadel at security@zitadel.com

Credits

Thanks to Jan Kühnlein - kultify for finding and reporting the vulnerability.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Go",
        "name": "github.com/zitadel/zitadel"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "4.0.0-rc.1"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "4.6.6"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Go",
        "name": "github.com/zitadel/zitadel"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "3.0.0-rc.1"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "3.4.4"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Go",
        "name": "github.com/zitadel/zitadel"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "2.50.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.71.19"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Go",
        "name": "github.com/zitadel/zitadel"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "1.80.0-v2.20.0.20240403060621-5b3946b67ef6"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.80.0-v2.20.0.20251112124840-33c51deb2040"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-64717"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2025-11-14T21:11:38Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-11-13T16:15:56Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "### Summary\n\nA vulnerability in ZITADEL\u0027s federation process allowed auto-linking users from external identity providers to existing users in ZITADEL even if the corresponding IdP was not active or if the organization did not allow federated authentication.\n\n### Impact\n\nThis vulnerability stems from the platform\u0027s failure to correctly check or enforce an organization\u0027s specific security settings during the authentication flow. An Organization Administrator can explicitly disable an IdP or disallow federation, but this setting was not being honored during the auto-linking process.\n\nThis allowed an unauthenticated attacker to initiate a login using an IdP that should have been disabled for that organization. The platform would incorrectly validate the login and, based on a matching criteria, link the attacker\u0027s external identity to an existing internal user account.\n\nThis may result in a full Account Takeover, bypassing the organization\u0027s mandated security controls. Note that accounts with MFA enabled can not be taken over by this attack. Also note that only IdPs create on an instance level would allow this to work. IdPs registered on another organization would always be denied in the (auto-)linking process.\n\n### Affected Versions\n\nSystems running one of the following versions are affected:\n- **v4.x**: `4.0.0-rc.1` through `4.6.5`\n- **v3.x**: `3.0.0-rc.1` through `3.4.3`\n- **v2.x**: `2.50.0` through `2.71.18`\n\n### Patches\n\nThe vulnerability has been addressed in the latest release. The patch resolves the issue by correctly validating the organization\u0027s login policy before auto-linking an external user.\n\n- v4.x: Upgrade to version [4.6.6](https://github.com/zitadel/zitadel/releases/tag/v4.6.6) or later.\n- v3.x: Update to version [3.4.4](https://github.com/zitadel/zitadel/releases/tag/v3.4.4) or later.\n- v2.x: Update to version [2.71.19](https://github.com/zitadel/zitadel/releases/tag/v2.71.19) or later.\n\n### Workarounds\n\nUpgrading to a patched version is the recommended solution.\n\n### Questions\n\nIf you have any questions or comments about this advisory, please email Zitadel at [security@zitadel.com](mailto:security@zitadel.com)\n\n### Credits\n\nThanks to Jan K\u00fchnlein - kultify for finding and reporting the vulnerability.",
  "id": "GHSA-j4g7-v4m4-77px",
  "modified": "2025-11-14T21:11:39Z",
  "published": "2025-11-14T21:11:38Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/zitadel/zitadel/security/advisories/GHSA-j4g7-v4m4-77px"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-64717"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/zitadel/zitadel/commit/33c51deb20402dd5720e32cfb0c1d5fdc752f2e0"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/zitadel/zitadel"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/zitadel/zitadel/releases/tag/v2.71.19"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/zitadel/zitadel/releases/tag/v3.4.4"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/zitadel/zitadel/releases/tag/v4.6.6"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "ZITADEL is vulnerable to Account Takeover with deactivated Instance IdP"
}

GHSA-J4P2-5M4C-GVPM

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-11-28 21:30 – Updated: 2023-11-28 21:30
VLAI
Details

The Operating System hosting the FACSChorus application is configured to allow transmission of hashed user credentials upon user action without adequately validating the identity of the requested resource. This is possible through the use of LLMNR, MBT-NS, or MDNS and will result in NTLMv2 hashes being sent to a malicious entity position on the local network. These hashes can subsequently be attacked through brute force and cracked if a weak password is used. This attack would only apply to domain joined systems.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-29062"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-11-28T21:15:07Z",
    "severity": "LOW"
  },
  "details": "The Operating System hosting the FACSChorus application is configured to allow transmission of hashed user credentials upon user action without adequately validating the identity of the requested resource. This is possible through the use of LLMNR, MBT-NS, or MDNS and will result in NTLMv2 hashes being sent to a malicious entity position on the local network. These hashes can subsequently be attacked through brute force and cracked if a weak password is used. This attack would only apply to domain joined systems.",
  "id": "GHSA-j4p2-5m4c-gvpm",
  "modified": "2023-11-28T21:30:25Z",
  "published": "2023-11-28T21:30:25Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-29062"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.bd.com/en-us/about-bd/cybersecurity/bulletin/bd-facschorus-software"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-J4PR-V554-QJG5

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 02:48 – Updated: 2022-05-14 02:48
VLAI
Details

Kguard Digital Video Recorder 104, 108, v2 does not have any authorization or authentication between an ActiveX client and the application server.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2015-4464"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2017-08-18T18:29:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "Kguard Digital Video Recorder 104, 108, v2 does not have any authorization or authentication between an ActiveX client and the application server.",
  "id": "GHSA-j4pr-v554-qjg5",
  "modified": "2022-05-14T02:48:28Z",
  "published": "2022-05-14T02:48:28Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2015-4464"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.academia.edu/11677554/Kguard_Digital_Video_Recorders_Multiple_Vulnerabilities"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/132437/Kguard-Digital-Video-Recorder-Bypass-Issues.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/archive/1/535822/100/0/threaded"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/73032"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-J4WG-R9JW-HW3J

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-02 03:37 – Updated: 2022-05-02 03:37
VLAI
Details

index.php in Desi Short URL Script 1.0 allows remote attackers to bypass authentication by setting the logged cookie to 1 and the uid cookie to an integer value, as demonstrated by a value of 13.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2009-2642"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2009-07-28T19:30:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "index.php in Desi Short URL Script 1.0 allows remote attackers to bypass authentication by setting the logged cookie to 1 and the uid cookie to an integer value, as demonstrated by a value of 13.",
  "id": "GHSA-j4wg-r9jw-hw3j",
  "modified": "2022-05-02T03:37:15Z",
  "published": "2022-05-02T03:37:15Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2009-2642"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/8925"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-J4X7-X2FM-Q77J

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-02-16 21:30 – Updated: 2023-02-27 21:30
VLAI
Details

Improper authentication in the Intel(R) SUR software before version 2.4.8902 may allow a privileged user to potentially enable escalation of privilege via network access.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-32971"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-02-16T21:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Improper authentication in the Intel(R) SUR software before version 2.4.8902 may allow a privileged user to potentially enable escalation of privilege via network access.",
  "id": "GHSA-j4x7-x2fm-q77j",
  "modified": "2023-02-27T21:30:34Z",
  "published": "2023-02-16T21:30:26Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-32971"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/security-center/advisory/intel-sa-00729.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-J4XG-M2VR-2H9H

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:02 – Updated: 2022-07-13 00:01
VLAI
Details

IBM InfoSphere Information Server 11.7 could allow a remote attacker to obtain highly sensitive information due to a vulnerability in the authentication mechanism. IBM X-Force ID: 201775.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-29747"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-05-17T17:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "IBM InfoSphere Information Server 11.7 could allow a remote attacker to obtain highly sensitive information due to a vulnerability in the authentication mechanism. IBM X-Force ID: 201775.",
  "id": "GHSA-j4xg-m2vr-2h9h",
  "modified": "2022-07-13T00:01:17Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T19:02:35Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-29747"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/201775"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/6453437"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-J523-5388-RCGR

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:07 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:07
VLAI
Details

Improper MDM policy management vulnerability in KME module prior to KCS version 1.39 allows MDM users to bypass Knox Manage authentication.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-25442"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-07-08T14:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Improper MDM policy management vulnerability in KME module prior to KCS version 1.39 allows MDM users to bypass Knox Manage authentication.",
  "id": "GHSA-j523-5388-rcgr",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T19:07:14Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T19:07:14Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-25442"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.samsungmobile.com/serviceWeb.smsb?year=2021\u0026month=7"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-J527-V579-M98H

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-06-06 21:30 – Updated: 2025-10-15 15:49
VLAI
Summary
Improper authentication in zenml
Details

An issue was discovered in zenml-io/zenml versions up to and including 0.55.4. Due to improper authentication mechanisms, an attacker with access to an active user session can change the account password without needing to know the current password. This vulnerability allows for unauthorized account takeover by bypassing the standard password change verification process. The issue was fixed in version 0.56.3.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "PyPI",
        "name": "zenml"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "0.56.3"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-2213"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287",
      "CWE-620"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2024-06-06T22:29:18Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-06-06T19:15:53Z",
    "severity": "LOW"
  },
  "details": "An issue was discovered in zenml-io/zenml versions up to and including 0.55.4. Due to improper authentication mechanisms, an attacker with access to an active user session can change the account password without needing to know the current password. This vulnerability allows for unauthorized account takeover by bypassing the standard password change verification process. The issue was fixed in version 0.56.3.",
  "id": "GHSA-j527-v579-m98h",
  "modified": "2025-10-15T15:49:28Z",
  "published": "2024-06-06T21:30:36Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-2213"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/zenml-io/zenml/commit/58cb3d987372c91eb605853c35325701733337c2"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/zenml/PYSEC-2024-193.yaml"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/zenml-io/zenml"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://huntr.com/bounties/8f5534ac-fd08-4b8b-8c2e-35949aa36e48"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Improper authentication in zenml"
}

Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks

Use an authentication framework or library such as the OWASP ESAPI Authentication feature.

CAPEC-114: Authentication Abuse

An attacker obtains unauthorized access to an application, service or device either through knowledge of the inherent weaknesses of an authentication mechanism, or by exploiting a flaw in the authentication scheme's implementation. In such an attack an authentication mechanism is functioning but a carefully controlled sequence of events causes the mechanism to grant access to the attacker.

CAPEC-115: Authentication Bypass

An attacker gains access to application, service, or device with the privileges of an authorized or privileged user by evading or circumventing an authentication mechanism. The attacker is therefore able to access protected data without authentication ever having taken place.

CAPEC-151: Identity Spoofing

Identity Spoofing refers to the action of assuming (i.e., taking on) the identity of some other entity (human or non-human) and then using that identity to accomplish a goal. An adversary may craft messages that appear to come from a different principle or use stolen / spoofed authentication credentials.

CAPEC-194: Fake the Source of Data

An adversary takes advantage of improper authentication to provide data or services under a falsified identity. The purpose of using the falsified identity may be to prevent traceability of the provided data or to assume the rights granted to another individual. One of the simplest forms of this attack would be the creation of an email message with a modified "From" field in order to appear that the message was sent from someone other than the actual sender. The root of the attack (in this case the email system) fails to properly authenticate the source and this results in the reader incorrectly performing the instructed action. Results of the attack vary depending on the details of the attack, but common results include privilege escalation, obfuscation of other attacks, and data corruption/manipulation.

CAPEC-22: Exploiting Trust in Client

An attack of this type exploits vulnerabilities in client/server communication channel authentication and data integrity. It leverages the implicit trust a server places in the client, or more importantly, that which the server believes is the client. An attacker executes this type of attack by communicating directly with the server where the server believes it is communicating only with a valid client. There are numerous variations of this type of attack.

CAPEC-57: Utilizing REST's Trust in the System Resource to Obtain Sensitive Data

This attack utilizes a REST(REpresentational State Transfer)-style applications' trust in the system resources and environment to obtain sensitive data once SSL is terminated.

CAPEC-593: Session Hijacking

This type of attack involves an adversary that exploits weaknesses in an application's use of sessions in performing authentication. The adversary is able to steal or manipulate an active session and use it to gain unathorized access to the application.

CAPEC-633: Token Impersonation

An adversary exploits a weakness in authentication to create an access token (or equivalent) that impersonates a different entity, and then associates a process/thread to that that impersonated token. This action causes a downstream user to make a decision or take action that is based on the assumed identity, and not the response that blocks the adversary.

CAPEC-650: Upload a Web Shell to a Web Server

By exploiting insufficient permissions, it is possible to upload a web shell to a web server in such a way that it can be executed remotely. This shell can have various capabilities, thereby acting as a "gateway" to the underlying web server. The shell might execute at the higher permission level of the web server, providing the ability the execute malicious code at elevated levels.

CAPEC-94: Adversary in the Middle (AiTM)

An adversary targets the communication between two components (typically client and server), in order to alter or obtain data from transactions. A general approach entails the adversary placing themself within the communication channel between the two components.