Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-287

Discouraged

Improper Authentication

Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft

When an actor claims to have a given identity, the product does not prove or insufficiently proves that the claim is correct.

5964 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-HGGV-MCP4-VXC5

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-03-12 00:00 – Updated: 2026-06-10 18:46
VLAI
Summary
Improper Authentication in FreeTAKServer
Details

FreeTAKServer is an open source, lightweight Server for connect TAK clients. An access control issue in the component /ManageRoute/postRoute of FreeTAKServer version 1.9.8 allows unauthenticated attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via an unusually large amount of created routes, or create unsafe or false routes for legitimate users. There is currently no known workaround. This issue was fixed in version 1.9.8.5.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 1.9.8"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "PyPI",
        "name": "FreeTAKServer"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.9.8.5"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-25508"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287",
      "CWE-306"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2022-03-14T23:17:58Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-03-11T00:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "FreeTAKServer is an open source, lightweight Server for connect TAK clients. An access control issue in the component /ManageRoute/postRoute of FreeTAKServer version 1.9.8 allows unauthenticated attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via an unusually large amount of created routes, or create unsafe or false routes for legitimate users. There is currently no known workaround. This issue was fixed in version 1.9.8.5.",
  "id": "GHSA-hggv-mcp4-vxc5",
  "modified": "2026-06-10T18:46:33Z",
  "published": "2022-03-12T00:00:37Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-25508"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/FreeTAKTeam/FreeTakServer/issues/291"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/FreeTAKTeam/FreeTakServer"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/freetakserver/PYSEC-2022-43054.yaml"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Improper Authentication in FreeTAKServer"
}

GHSA-HGJ4-H2X3-RFX4

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-08-09 20:58 – Updated: 2023-08-09 20:58
VLAI
Summary
Sentry vulnerable to incorrect credential validation on OAuth token requests
Details

Impact

An attacker with sufficient client-side exploits could retrieve a valid access token for another user during the OAuth token exchange due to incorrect credential validation. The client ID must be known and the API application must have already been authorized on the targeted user account.

Remediation

  • Sentry SaaS customers do not need to take any action. Those with the highest risk will be contacted directly by Sentry.
  • Self-hosted installations should upgrade to version 23.7.2 or higher.

Workarounds

There are no direct workarounds, but users should review applications authorized on their account (User Settings > Authorized Applications) and remove any that are no longer needed.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "PyPI",
        "name": "sentry"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "10.0.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "23.7.2"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-39531"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2023-08-09T20:58:47Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-08-09T17:15:09Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "### Impact\n\nAn attacker with sufficient client-side exploits could retrieve a valid access token for another user during the OAuth token exchange due to incorrect credential validation. The client ID must be known and the API application must have already been authorized on the targeted user account. \n\n### Remediation\n\n- **Sentry SaaS** customers do not need to take any action. Those with the highest risk will be contacted directly by Sentry.\n- **Self-hosted installations** should upgrade to version 23.7.2 or higher.\n\n### Workarounds\n\nThere are no direct workarounds, but users should review applications authorized on their account (_User Settings \u003e Authorized Applications_) and remove any that are no longer needed.\n\n",
  "id": "GHSA-hgj4-h2x3-rfx4",
  "modified": "2023-08-09T20:58:47Z",
  "published": "2023-08-09T20:58:47Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/getsentry/sentry/security/advisories/GHSA-hgj4-h2x3-rfx4"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-39531"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/getsentry/sentry"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Sentry vulnerable to incorrect credential validation on OAuth token requests"
}

GHSA-HGP2-5F7Q-M5JP

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 02:04 – Updated: 2022-05-17 02:04
VLAI
Details

The PayPal app before 3.0.1 for iOS does not verify that the server hostname matches the domain name of the subject of an X.509 certificate, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof a PayPal web server via an arbitrary certificate.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2010-4211"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2010-11-09T01:00:00Z",
    "severity": "LOW"
  },
  "details": "The PayPal app before 3.0.1 for iOS does not verify that the server hostname matches the domain name of the subject of an X.509 certificate, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof a PayPal web server via an arbitrary certificate.",
  "id": "GHSA-hgp2-5f7q-m5jp",
  "modified": "2022-05-17T02:04:47Z",
  "published": "2022-05-17T02:04:47Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2010-4211"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/63002"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://itunes.apple.com/us/app/paypal/id283646709"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://news.cnet.com/8301-27080_3-20021730-245.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052748703506904575592782874885808.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://viaforensics.com/press-releases/viaforensics-uncovers-paypal-application-vulnerability.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://viaforensics.com/security/viaforensics-uncovers-significant-vulnerability-paypal-iphone.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/44657"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.vupen.com/english/advisories/2010/2887"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-HGPM-MQ9V-JM9H

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-17 18:35 – Updated: 2026-06-17 18:35
VLAI
Details

Vulnerability in the Oracle Access Manager product of Oracle Fusion Middleware (component: Authentication Engine). Supported versions that are affected are 12.2.1.4.0 and 14.1.2.1.0. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise Oracle Access Manager. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized update, insert or delete access to some of Oracle Access Manager accessible data as well as unauthorized read access to a subset of Oracle Access Manager accessible data. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 6.5 (Confidentiality and Integrity impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N).

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-35261"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-06-17T10:40:18Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Vulnerability in the Oracle Access Manager product of Oracle Fusion Middleware (component: Authentication Engine).  Supported versions that are affected are 12.2.1.4.0 and  14.1.2.1.0. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise Oracle Access Manager.  Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in  unauthorized update, insert or delete access to some of Oracle Access Manager accessible data as well as  unauthorized read access to a subset of Oracle Access Manager accessible data. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 6.5 (Confidentiality and Integrity impacts).  CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N).",
  "id": "GHSA-hgpm-mq9v-jm9h",
  "modified": "2026-06-17T18:35:21Z",
  "published": "2026-06-17T18:35:21Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-35261"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cspujun2026.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-HGW5-XJQ6-QGMQ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 02:01 – Updated: 2022-05-14 02:01
VLAI
Details

** DISPUTED ** An issue was discovered in the LINE jp.naver.line application 8.8.0 for iOS. The LAContext class for Biometric (TouchID) validation allows authentication bypass by overriding the LAContext return Boolean value to be "true" because the kSecAccessControlUserPresence protection mechanism is not used. In other words, an attacker could authenticate with an arbitrary fingerprint. NOTE: the vendor indicates that this is not an attack of interest within the context of their threat model, which excludes iOS devices on which a jailbreak has occurred.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2018-13434"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2018-08-16T20:29:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "** DISPUTED ** An issue was discovered in the LINE jp.naver.line application 8.8.0 for iOS. The LAContext class for Biometric (TouchID) validation allows authentication bypass by overriding the LAContext return Boolean value to be \"true\" because the kSecAccessControlUserPresence protection mechanism is not used. In other words, an attacker could authenticate with an arbitrary fingerprint.  NOTE: the vendor indicates that this is not an attack of interest within the context of their threat model, which excludes iOS devices on which a jailbreak has occurred.",
  "id": "GHSA-hgw5-xjq6-qgmq",
  "modified": "2022-05-14T02:01:16Z",
  "published": "2022-05-14T02:01:16Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-13434"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://gist.github.com/tanprathan/f5133651e438b2ad1b39172d52b56115"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:P/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-HGWH-RMQP-9HQ9

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 04:38 – Updated: 2022-05-17 04:38
VLAI
Details

The cmd_boot function in app/aboot/aboot.c in the Little Kernel (LK) bootloader, as distributed with Qualcomm Innovation Center (QuIC) Android contributions for MSM devices and other products, allows attackers to bypass intended device-lock and kernel-signature restrictions by using fastboot mode in a boot command for an arbitrary kernel image.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2014-4325"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2014-08-25T01:55:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "The cmd_boot function in app/aboot/aboot.c in the Little Kernel (LK) bootloader, as distributed with Qualcomm Innovation Center (QuIC) Android contributions for MSM devices and other products, allows attackers to bypass intended device-lock and kernel-signature restrictions by using fastboot mode in a boot command for an arbitrary kernel image.",
  "id": "GHSA-hgwh-rmqp-9hq9",
  "modified": "2022-05-17T04:38:04Z",
  "published": "2022-05-17T04:38:04Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2014-4325"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.codeaurora.org/projects/security-advisories/fastboot-boot-command-bypasses-signature-verification-cve-2014-4325"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-HH2C-M2F3-3Q9F

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-07-31 21:32 – Updated: 2024-07-31 21:32
VLAI
Details

An authentication bypass vulnerability could allow an attacker to access API functions without authentication.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-4001"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-07-31T21:15:14Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "An authentication bypass vulnerability could allow an attacker to access API functions without authentication.",
  "id": "GHSA-hh2c-m2f3-3q9f",
  "modified": "2024-07-31T21:32:38Z",
  "published": "2024-07-31T21:32:38Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-4001"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://en-us.support.motorola.com/app/answers/detail/a_id/176952/~/motorola-q14-mesh-router-vulnerabilities"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-HH33-46Q4-HWM2

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-11-26 19:58 – Updated: 2024-11-26 21:43
VLAI
Summary
Re-creating a deleted user in lakeFS will re-enable previous user credentials that existed prior to its deletion
Details

Impact

Existing lakeFS users who have issued credentials to users who have been deleted. Creating a new user with the same username, that user will inherit all of the previous user's credentials lakeFS needs to delete user credentials upon user deletion.

Patches

Has the problem been patched? What versions should users upgrade to?

Workarounds

A possible workaround will be not to reuse usernames that were previously deleted

References

Are there any links users can visit to find out more?

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Go",
        "name": "github.com/treeverse/lakefs"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.33.0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-43784"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-281",
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2024-11-26T19:58:20Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-11-26T21:15:07Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "### Impact\nExisting lakeFS users who have issued credentials to users who have been deleted.\nCreating a new user with the same username, that user will inherit all of the previous user\u0027s credentials lakeFS needs to delete user credentials upon user deletion.\n\n### Patches\n_Has the problem been patched? What versions should users upgrade to?_\n\n### Workarounds\nA possible workaround will be not to reuse usernames that were previously deleted\n\n### References\n_Are there any links users can visit to find out more?_\n",
  "id": "GHSA-hh33-46q4-hwm2",
  "modified": "2024-11-26T21:43:45Z",
  "published": "2024-11-26T19:58:20Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/treeverse/lakeFS/security/advisories/GHSA-hh33-46q4-hwm2"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-43784"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/treeverse/lakeFS"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/treeverse/lakeFS/releases/tag/v1.33.0"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:A/VC:L/VI:H/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Re-creating a deleted user in lakeFS will re-enable previous user credentials that existed prior to its deletion"
}

GHSA-HH96-2MPV-7JR8

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-02-27 18:32 – Updated: 2023-03-07 21:30
VLAI
Details

There is a data processing error vulnerability in Leia-B29 2.0.0.49(M03). Successful exploitation could bypass lock screen authentication.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-48254"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-02-27T18:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "There is a data processing error vulnerability in Leia-B29 2.0.0.49(M03). Successful exploitation could bypass lock screen authentication.",
  "id": "GHSA-hh96-2mpv-7jr8",
  "modified": "2023-03-07T21:30:18Z",
  "published": "2023-02-27T18:32:01Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-48254"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.huawei.com/en/psirt/security-advisories/2023/huawei-sa-dpeviahb-44e16f60-en"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-HHF6-HX47-Q457

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-04-10 12:31 – Updated: 2025-04-10 12:31
VLAI
Details

An authentication bypass vulnerability was found in Videx's CyberAudit-Web. Through the exploitation of a logic flaw, an attacker could create a valid session without any credentials. This vulnerability has been patched in versions later than 9.5 and a patch has been made available to all instances of CyberAudit-Web, including the versions that are End of Maintenance (EOM). Anyone that requires support with the resolution of this issue can contact support@videx.com for assistance.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-22375"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-04-10T11:15:45Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "An authentication bypass vulnerability was found in Videx\u0027s CyberAudit-Web. Through the exploitation of a logic flaw, an attacker could create a valid session without any credentials. This vulnerability has been patched in versions later than 9.5\u00a0and a patch has been made available to all instances of CyberAudit-Web, including the versions that are End of Maintenance (EOM). Anyone that requires support with the resolution of this issue can contact support@videx.com for assistance.",
  "id": "GHSA-hhf6-hx47-q457",
  "modified": "2025-04-10T12:31:26Z",
  "published": "2025-04-10T12:31:26Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-22375"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://csirt.divd.nl/CVE-2025-22375"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://csirt.divd.nl/DIVD-2024-00043"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:N/AU:Y/R:A/V:D/RE:L/U:Green",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks

Use an authentication framework or library such as the OWASP ESAPI Authentication feature.

CAPEC-114: Authentication Abuse

An attacker obtains unauthorized access to an application, service or device either through knowledge of the inherent weaknesses of an authentication mechanism, or by exploiting a flaw in the authentication scheme's implementation. In such an attack an authentication mechanism is functioning but a carefully controlled sequence of events causes the mechanism to grant access to the attacker.

CAPEC-115: Authentication Bypass

An attacker gains access to application, service, or device with the privileges of an authorized or privileged user by evading or circumventing an authentication mechanism. The attacker is therefore able to access protected data without authentication ever having taken place.

CAPEC-151: Identity Spoofing

Identity Spoofing refers to the action of assuming (i.e., taking on) the identity of some other entity (human or non-human) and then using that identity to accomplish a goal. An adversary may craft messages that appear to come from a different principle or use stolen / spoofed authentication credentials.

CAPEC-194: Fake the Source of Data

An adversary takes advantage of improper authentication to provide data or services under a falsified identity. The purpose of using the falsified identity may be to prevent traceability of the provided data or to assume the rights granted to another individual. One of the simplest forms of this attack would be the creation of an email message with a modified "From" field in order to appear that the message was sent from someone other than the actual sender. The root of the attack (in this case the email system) fails to properly authenticate the source and this results in the reader incorrectly performing the instructed action. Results of the attack vary depending on the details of the attack, but common results include privilege escalation, obfuscation of other attacks, and data corruption/manipulation.

CAPEC-22: Exploiting Trust in Client

An attack of this type exploits vulnerabilities in client/server communication channel authentication and data integrity. It leverages the implicit trust a server places in the client, or more importantly, that which the server believes is the client. An attacker executes this type of attack by communicating directly with the server where the server believes it is communicating only with a valid client. There are numerous variations of this type of attack.

CAPEC-57: Utilizing REST's Trust in the System Resource to Obtain Sensitive Data

This attack utilizes a REST(REpresentational State Transfer)-style applications' trust in the system resources and environment to obtain sensitive data once SSL is terminated.

CAPEC-593: Session Hijacking

This type of attack involves an adversary that exploits weaknesses in an application's use of sessions in performing authentication. The adversary is able to steal or manipulate an active session and use it to gain unathorized access to the application.

CAPEC-633: Token Impersonation

An adversary exploits a weakness in authentication to create an access token (or equivalent) that impersonates a different entity, and then associates a process/thread to that that impersonated token. This action causes a downstream user to make a decision or take action that is based on the assumed identity, and not the response that blocks the adversary.

CAPEC-650: Upload a Web Shell to a Web Server

By exploiting insufficient permissions, it is possible to upload a web shell to a web server in such a way that it can be executed remotely. This shell can have various capabilities, thereby acting as a "gateway" to the underlying web server. The shell might execute at the higher permission level of the web server, providing the ability the execute malicious code at elevated levels.

CAPEC-94: Adversary in the Middle (AiTM)

An adversary targets the communication between two components (typically client and server), in order to alter or obtain data from transactions. A general approach entails the adversary placing themself within the communication channel between the two components.