CWE-284
DiscouragedImproper Access Control
Abstraction: Pillar · Status: Incomplete
The product does not restrict or incorrectly restricts access to a resource from an unauthorized actor.
7787 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-R6W9-8VPJ-6V88
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-07-09 18:30 – Updated: 2025-07-09 21:31Texas Instruments CC2652RB LaunchPad SimpleLink CC13XX CC26XX SDK 7.41.00.17 was discovered to utilize insufficient permission checks on critical fields within Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) data packets. This issue allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via a crafted LL_Length_Req packet.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-44525"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-07-09T17:15:30Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Texas Instruments CC2652RB LaunchPad SimpleLink CC13XX CC26XX SDK 7.41.00.17 was discovered to utilize insufficient permission checks on critical fields within Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) data packets. This issue allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via a crafted LL_Length_Req packet.",
"id": "GHSA-r6w9-8vpj-6v88",
"modified": "2025-07-09T21:31:16Z",
"published": "2025-07-09T18:30:47Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-44525"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/yangting111/BLE_TEST/blob/main/result/PoC/TI/Length_Req_MaxRxBytes.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://cc2652rb.com"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://texas.com"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-R6X2-RRQV-8CP8
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-14 21:30 – Updated: 2026-05-15 18:30Insufficient policy enforcement in Payments in Google Chrome on Android prior to 148.0.7778.168 allowed a remote attacker to bypass discretionary access control via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-8566"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-05-14T20:17:18Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Insufficient policy enforcement in Payments in Google Chrome on Android prior to 148.0.7778.168 allowed a remote attacker to bypass discretionary access control via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Medium)",
"id": "GHSA-r6x2-rrqv-8cp8",
"modified": "2026-05-15T18:30:33Z",
"published": "2026-05-14T21:30:46Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-8566"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2026/05/stable-channel-update-for-desktop_12.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://issues.chromium.org/issues/470646792"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-R6XH-PQHR-V4XH
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-04 20:22 – Updated: 2026-05-12 13:37Summary
MCP loopback owner context is derived from server-issued bearer tokens.
Affected Packages / Versions
- Package: openclaw (npm)
- Affected versions: <= 2026.4.21
- Fixed version: 2026.4.22
Impact
The loopback MCP path accepted spoofable owner-context metadata from request headers, which could allow a non-owner loopback client to present itself as owner for owner-gated operations.
Fix
The MCP loopback runtime now issues separate owner and non-owner bearer tokens and derives senderIsOwner exclusively from which token authenticated the request. The spoofable sender-owner header is no longer emitted or trusted.
Fix Commit(s)
- 3cb1a56bfc9579a0f2336f9cfa12a8a744332a19
Verification
- The fix commit is contained in the public v2026.4.22 tag.
- openclaw@2026.4.22 is published on npm and the compiled package contains the fix.
- Focused regression coverage for this path passed before publication.
OpenClaw thanks @VladimirEliTokarev for reporting.
{
"affected": [
{
"database_specific": {
"last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 2026.4.21"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "openclaw"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "2026.4.22"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-44118"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284",
"CWE-290"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-05-04T20:22:42Z",
"nvd_published_at": null,
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "## Summary\nMCP loopback owner context is derived from server-issued bearer tokens.\n\n## Affected Packages / Versions\n- Package: openclaw (npm)\n- Affected versions: \u003c= 2026.4.21\n- Fixed version: 2026.4.22\n\n## Impact\nThe loopback MCP path accepted spoofable owner-context metadata from request headers, which could allow a non-owner loopback client to present itself as owner for owner-gated operations.\n\n## Fix\nThe MCP loopback runtime now issues separate owner and non-owner bearer tokens and derives senderIsOwner exclusively from which token authenticated the request. The spoofable sender-owner header is no longer emitted or trusted.\n\n## Fix Commit(s)\n- 3cb1a56bfc9579a0f2336f9cfa12a8a744332a19\n\n## Verification\n- The fix commit is contained in the public v2026.4.22 tag.\n- openclaw@2026.4.22 is published on npm and the compiled package contains the fix.\n- Focused regression coverage for this path passed before publication.\n\nOpenClaw thanks @VladimirEliTokarev for reporting.",
"id": "GHSA-r6xh-pqhr-v4xh",
"modified": "2026-05-12T13:37:11Z",
"published": "2026-05-04T20:22:42Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-r6xh-pqhr-v4xh"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-44118"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/commit/3cb1a56bfc9579a0f2336f9cfa12a8a744332a19"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/openclaw-owner-context-spoofing-via-bearer-token-header"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "OpenClaw: MCP loopback owner context is derived from server-issued bearer tokens"
}
GHSA-R72M-C53Q-265M
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 02:22 – Updated: 2022-05-17 02:22The Apache HTTP Server in Apple OS X before 10.12 and OS X Server before 5.2 follows RFC 3875 section 4.1.18 and therefore does not protect applications from the presence of untrusted CGI client data in the HTTP_PROXY environment variable, which might allow remote attackers to redirect an application's outbound HTTP traffic to an arbitrary proxy server via a crafted Proxy header in an HTTP request, aka an "httpoxy" issue, a related issue to CVE-2016-5387.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2016-4694"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2016-09-25T10:59:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "The Apache HTTP Server in Apple OS X before 10.12 and OS X Server before 5.2 follows RFC 3875 section 4.1.18 and therefore does not protect applications from the presence of untrusted CGI client data in the HTTP_PROXY environment variable, which might allow remote attackers to redirect an application\u0027s outbound HTTP traffic to an arbitrary proxy server via a crafted Proxy header in an HTTP request, aka an \"httpoxy\" issue, a related issue to CVE-2016-5387.",
"id": "GHSA-r72m-c53q-265m",
"modified": "2022-05-17T02:22:16Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T02:22:16Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-4694"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/HT207170"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/HT207171"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.apple.com/archives/security-announce/2016/Sep/msg00006.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.apple.com/archives/security-announce/2016/Sep/msg00009.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/93060"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1036853"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-R73P-8GX8-7PVG
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-03-18 12:30 – Updated: 2025-10-22 00:33ColdFusion versions 2023.6, 2021.12 and earlier are affected by an Improper Access Control vulnerability that could lead to arbitrary file system read. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to bypass security measures and gain unauthorized access to sensitive files and perform arbitrary file system write. Exploitation of this issue does not require user interaction.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-20767"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-03-18T12:15:06Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "ColdFusion versions 2023.6, 2021.12 and earlier are affected by an Improper Access Control vulnerability that could lead to arbitrary file system read. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to bypass security measures and gain unauthorized access to sensitive files and perform arbitrary file system write. Exploitation of this issue does not require user interaction.",
"id": "GHSA-r73p-8gx8-7pvg",
"modified": "2025-10-22T00:33:00Z",
"published": "2024-03-18T12:30:35Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-20767"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/coldfusion/apsb24-14.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2024-20767"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-R73Q-V44R-MW6R
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-05-19 21:30 – Updated: 2024-05-19 21:30Westermo EDW-100 devices through 2024-05-03 have a hidden root user account with a hardcoded password that cannot be changed. NOTE: this is a serial-to-Ethernet converter that should not be placed at the edge of the network.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-36080"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-05-19T20:15:08Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Westermo EDW-100 devices through 2024-05-03 have a hidden root user account with a hardcoded password that cannot be changed. NOTE: this is a serial-to-Ethernet converter that should not be placed at the edge of the network.",
"id": "GHSA-r73q-v44r-mw6r",
"modified": "2024-05-19T21:30:23Z",
"published": "2024-05-19T21:30:23Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-36080"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.westermo.com/-/media/Files/Cyber-security/westermo_sa_EDW-100_24-05.pdf"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-R74V-F24V-2V5W
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-12-10 00:30 – Updated: 2025-12-10 00:30ColdFusion versions 2025.4, 2023.16, 2021.22 and earlier are affected by an Improper Access Control vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. A high privileged attacker could leverage this vulnerability to bypass security measures and execute malicious code. Exploitation of this issue does not require user interaction and scope is changed.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-61811"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-22",
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-12-10T00:16:09Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "ColdFusion versions 2025.4, 2023.16, 2021.22 and earlier are affected by an Improper Access Control vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. A high privileged attacker could leverage this vulnerability to bypass security measures and execute malicious code. Exploitation of this issue does not require user interaction and scope is changed.",
"id": "GHSA-r74v-f24v-2v5w",
"modified": "2025-12-10T00:30:22Z",
"published": "2025-12-10T00:30:22Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-61811"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/coldfusion/apsb25-105.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-R754-6JR2-2CG8
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-21 21:31 – Updated: 2026-04-21 21:31Vulnerability in the PeopleSoft Enterprise CS Student Records product of Oracle PeopleSoft (component: Research Tracking). The supported version that is affected is 9.2. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows low privileged attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise PeopleSoft Enterprise CS Student Records. Successful attacks require human interaction from a person other than the attacker. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized access to critical data or complete access to all PeopleSoft Enterprise CS Student Records accessible data. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 5.7 (Confidentiality impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N).
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-35241"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-04-21T21:16:39Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Vulnerability in the PeopleSoft Enterprise CS Student Records product of Oracle PeopleSoft (component: Research Tracking). The supported version that is affected is 9.2. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows low privileged attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise PeopleSoft Enterprise CS Student Records. Successful attacks require human interaction from a person other than the attacker. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized access to critical data or complete access to all PeopleSoft Enterprise CS Student Records accessible data. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 5.7 (Confidentiality impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N).",
"id": "GHSA-r754-6jr2-2cg8",
"modified": "2026-04-21T21:31:27Z",
"published": "2026-04-21T21:31:27Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-35241"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuapr2026.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-R76Q-57R9-2MHG
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-25 15:32 – Updated: 2026-06-25 15:32Dell Display and Peripheral Manager (DDPM Windows), versions prior to 2.3, contain an Improper Access Control vulnerability. A low privileged attacker with local access could potentially exploit this vulnerability, leading to Code execution.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-46733"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-25T14:16:40Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Dell Display and Peripheral Manager (DDPM Windows), versions prior to 2.3, contain an Improper Access Control vulnerability. A low privileged attacker with local access could potentially exploit this vulnerability, leading to Code execution.",
"id": "GHSA-r76q-57r9-2mhg",
"modified": "2026-06-25T15:32:00Z",
"published": "2026-06-25T15:32:00Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-46733"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.dell.com/support/kbdoc/en-fm/000477679/dsa-2026-277?msockid=3021cac2195069ed3194ddad186a68f9"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-R79X-6P7R-6GHX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-01-11 15:30 – Updated: 2024-01-22 21:31ScaleFusion 10.5.2 does not properly limit users to the Edge application because Alt-F4 can be used.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-51751"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-01-11T14:15:44Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "ScaleFusion 10.5.2 does not properly limit users to the Edge application because Alt-F4 can be used.",
"id": "GHSA-r79x-6p7r-6ghx",
"modified": "2024-01-22T21:31:06Z",
"published": "2024-01-11T15:30:27Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-51751"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://help.scalefusion.com/docs/security-advisory-for-windows-mdm-agent"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://medium.com/nestedif/vulnerability-disclosure-browser-mode-kiosk-bypass-scalefusion-832f5a18ebb6"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://medium.com/nestedif/vulnerability-disclosure-kiosk-mode-bypass-scalefusion-4752dfa2dc59"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-1
Very carefully manage the setting, management, and handling of privileges. Explicitly manage trust zones in the software.
Mitigation MIT-46
Strategy: Separation of Privilege
- Compartmentalize the system to have "safe" areas where trust boundaries can be unambiguously drawn. Do not allow sensitive data to go outside of the trust boundary and always be careful when interfacing with a compartment outside of the safe area.
- Ensure that appropriate compartmentalization is built into the system design, and the compartmentalization allows for and reinforces privilege separation functionality. Architects and designers should rely on the principle of least privilege to decide the appropriate time to use privileges and the time to drop privileges.
CAPEC-19: Embedding Scripts within Scripts
An adversary leverages the capability to execute their own script by embedding it within other scripts that the target software is likely to execute due to programs' vulnerabilities that are brought on by allowing remote hosts to execute scripts.
CAPEC-441: Malicious Logic Insertion
An adversary installs or adds malicious logic (also known as malware) into a seemingly benign component of a fielded system. This logic is often hidden from the user of the system and works behind the scenes to achieve negative impacts. With the proliferation of mass digital storage and inexpensive multimedia devices, Bluetooth and 802.11 support, new attack vectors for spreading malware are emerging for things we once thought of as innocuous greeting cards, picture frames, or digital projectors. This pattern of attack focuses on systems already fielded and used in operation as opposed to systems and their components that are still under development and part of the supply chain.
CAPEC-478: Modification of Windows Service Configuration
An adversary exploits a weakness in access control to modify the execution parameters of a Windows service. The goal of this attack is to execute a malicious binary in place of an existing service.
CAPEC-479: Malicious Root Certificate
An adversary exploits a weakness in authorization and installs a new root certificate on a compromised system. Certificates are commonly used for establishing secure TLS/SSL communications within a web browser. When a user attempts to browse a website that presents a certificate that is not trusted an error message will be displayed to warn the user of the security risk. Depending on the security settings, the browser may not allow the user to establish a connection to the website. Adversaries have used this technique to avoid security warnings prompting users when compromised systems connect over HTTPS to adversary controlled web servers that spoof legitimate websites in order to collect login credentials.
CAPEC-502: Intent Spoof
An adversary, through a previously installed malicious application, issues an intent directed toward a specific trusted application's component in an attempt to achieve a variety of different objectives including modification of data, information disclosure, and data injection. Components that have been unintentionally exported and made public are subject to this type of an attack. If the component trusts the intent's action without verififcation, then the target application performs the functionality at the adversary's request, helping the adversary achieve the desired negative technical impact.
CAPEC-503: WebView Exposure
An adversary, through a malicious web page, accesses application specific functionality by leveraging interfaces registered through WebView's addJavascriptInterface API. Once an interface is registered to WebView through addJavascriptInterface, it becomes global and all pages loaded in the WebView can call this interface.
CAPEC-536: Data Injected During Configuration
An attacker with access to data files and processes on a victim's system injects malicious data into critical operational data during configuration or recalibration, causing the victim's system to perform in a suboptimal manner that benefits the adversary.
CAPEC-546: Incomplete Data Deletion in a Multi-Tenant Environment
An adversary obtains unauthorized information due to insecure or incomplete data deletion in a multi-tenant environment. If a cloud provider fails to completely delete storage and data from former cloud tenants' systems/resources, once these resources are allocated to new, potentially malicious tenants, the latter can probe the provided resources for sensitive information still there.
CAPEC-550: Install New Service
When an operating system starts, it also starts programs called services or daemons. Adversaries may install a new service which will be executed at startup (on a Windows system, by modifying the registry). The service name may be disguised by using a name from a related operating system or benign software. Services are usually run with elevated privileges.
CAPEC-551: Modify Existing Service
When an operating system starts, it also starts programs called services or daemons. Modifying existing services may break existing services or may enable services that are disabled/not commonly used.
CAPEC-552: Install Rootkit
An adversary exploits a weakness in authentication to install malware that alters the functionality and information provide by targeted operating system API calls. Often referred to as rootkits, it is often used to hide the presence of programs, files, network connections, services, drivers, and other system components.
CAPEC-556: Replace File Extension Handlers
When a file is opened, its file handler is checked to determine which program opens the file. File handlers are configuration properties of many operating systems. Applications can modify the file handler for a given file extension to call an arbitrary program when a file with the given extension is opened.
CAPEC-558: Replace Trusted Executable
An adversary exploits weaknesses in privilege management or access control to replace a trusted executable with a malicious version and enable the execution of malware when that trusted executable is called.
CAPEC-562: Modify Shared File
An adversary manipulates the files in a shared location by adding malicious programs, scripts, or exploit code to valid content. Once a user opens the shared content, the tainted content is executed.
CAPEC-563: Add Malicious File to Shared Webroot
An adversaries may add malicious content to a website through the open file share and then browse to that content with a web browser to cause the server to execute the content. The malicious content will typically run under the context and permissions of the web server process, often resulting in local system or administrative privileges depending on how the web server is configured.
CAPEC-564: Run Software at Logon
Operating system allows logon scripts to be run whenever a specific user or users logon to a system. If adversaries can access these scripts, they may insert additional code into the logon script. This code can allow them to maintain persistence or move laterally within an enclave because it is executed every time the affected user or users logon to a computer. Modifying logon scripts can effectively bypass workstation and enclave firewalls. Depending on the access configuration of the logon scripts, either local credentials or a remote administrative account may be necessary.
CAPEC-578: Disable Security Software
An adversary exploits a weakness in access control to disable security tools so that detection does not occur. This can take the form of killing processes, deleting registry keys so that tools do not start at run time, deleting log files, or other methods.