Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-284

Discouraged

Improper Access Control

Abstraction: Pillar · Status: Incomplete

The product does not restrict or incorrectly restricts access to a resource from an unauthorized actor.

7787 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-R2XM-57H8-C29J

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-11-05 18:32 – Updated: 2024-11-08 18:30
VLAI
Details

Waybox Enel TCF Agent service could be used to get administrator’s privileges over the Waybox system.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-29121"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-284"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-11-05T16:15:16Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "Waybox Enel TCF Agent service could be used to get administrator\u2019s privileges over the Waybox system.",
  "id": "GHSA-r2xm-57h8-c29j",
  "modified": "2024-11-08T18:30:48Z",
  "published": "2024-11-05T18:32:11Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-29121"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support-emobility.enelx.com/content/dam/enelxmobility/italia/documenti/manuali-schede-tecniche/Waybox-3-Security-Bulletin-06-2024-V1.pdf"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-R2XR-35CG-68VV

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 03:56 – Updated: 2022-05-17 03:56
VLAI
Details

The networkReloadIptablesRules function in network/bridge_driver.c in libvirt before 0.9.9 does not properly handle firewall rules on bridge networks when libvirtd is restarted, which might allow remote attackers to bypass intended access restrictions via a (1) DNS or (2) DHCP query.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2011-4600"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-284"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2016-04-14T15:59:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "The networkReloadIptablesRules function in network/bridge_driver.c in libvirt before 0.9.9 does not properly handle firewall rules on bridge networks when libvirtd is restarted, which might allow remote attackers to bypass intended access restrictions via a (1) DNS or (2) DHCP query.",
  "id": "GHSA-r2xr-35cg-68vv",
  "modified": "2022-05-17T03:56:55Z",
  "published": "2022-05-17T03:56:55Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2011-4600"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=760442"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://libvirt.org/git/?p=libvirt.git%3Ba=commitdiff%3Bh=ae1232b298323dd7bef909426e2ebafa6bca9157"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://libvirt.org/git/?p=libvirt.git;a=commitdiff;h=ae1232b298323dd7bef909426e2ebafa6bca9157"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://libvirt.org/news-2012.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.ubuntu.com/usn/USN-2867-1"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-R326-V6PH-FQQG

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:47 – Updated: 2024-04-04 00:57
VLAI
Details

BD Alaris Gateway versions, 1.0.13,1.1.3 Build 10,1.1.3 MR Build 11,1.1.5, and 1.1.6, The web browser user interface on the Alaris Gateway Workstation does not prevent an attacker with knowledge of the IP address of the Alaris Gateway Workstation terminal to gain access to the status and configuration information of the device.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2019-10962"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-284"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2019-06-13T21:29:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "BD Alaris Gateway versions, 1.0.13,1.1.3 Build 10,1.1.3 MR Build 11,1.1.5, and 1.1.6, The web browser user interface on the Alaris Gateway Workstation does not prevent an attacker with knowledge of the IP address of the Alaris Gateway Workstation terminal to gain access to the status and configuration information of the device.",
  "id": "GHSA-r326-v6ph-fqqg",
  "modified": "2024-04-04T00:57:04Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T16:47:59Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-10962"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://ics-cert.us-cert.gov/advisories/ICSMA-19-164-01"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/108763"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-R33R-9V86-JFXP

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-04-15 21:31 – Updated: 2025-04-15 21:31
VLAI
Details

Vulnerability in the XML Database component of Oracle Database Server. Supported versions that are affected are 19.3-19.26, 21.3-21.17 and 23.4-23.7. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows low privileged attacker having User Account privilege with network access via HTTP to compromise XML Database. Successful attacks require human interaction from a person other than the attacker and while the vulnerability is in XML Database, attacks may significantly impact additional products (scope change). Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized update, insert or delete access to some of XML Database accessible data as well as unauthorized read access to a subset of XML Database accessible data. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 5.4 (Confidentiality and Integrity impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N).

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-30694"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-284"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-04-15T21:15:58Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Vulnerability in the XML Database component of Oracle Database Server.  Supported versions that are affected are 19.3-19.26, 21.3-21.17 and  23.4-23.7. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows low privileged attacker having User Account privilege with network access via HTTP to compromise XML Database.  Successful attacks require human interaction from a person other than the attacker and while the vulnerability is in XML Database, attacks may significantly impact additional products (scope change). Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in  unauthorized update, insert or delete access to some of XML Database accessible data as well as  unauthorized read access to a subset of XML Database accessible data. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 5.4 (Confidentiality and Integrity impacts).  CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N).",
  "id": "GHSA-r33r-9v86-jfxp",
  "modified": "2025-04-15T21:31:46Z",
  "published": "2025-04-15T21:31:46Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-30694"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuapr2025.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-R356-8GGM-5WJ2

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-01-02 06:30 – Updated: 2026-01-02 06:30
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability was identified in jackying H-ui.admin up to 3.1. This affects an unknown function in the library /lib/webuploader/0.1.5/server/preview.php. The manipulation leads to unrestricted upload. The attack is possible to be carried out remotely. The exploit is publicly available and might be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-15426"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-284"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-01-02T04:15:43Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability was identified in jackying H-ui.admin up to 3.1. This affects an unknown function in the library /lib/webuploader/0.1.5/server/preview.php. The manipulation leads to unrestricted upload. The attack is possible to be carried out remotely. The exploit is publicly available and might be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.",
  "id": "GHSA-r356-8ggm-5wj2",
  "modified": "2026-01-02T06:30:26Z",
  "published": "2026-01-02T06:30:26Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-15426"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/TiKi-r/CVE-Report/blob/main/H-ui.admin%20RCE.md"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/TiKi-r/CVE-Report/blob/main/H-ui.admin%20RCE.md#4-proof-of-concept-poc"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.339348"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.339348"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.721457"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-R3GQ-49P4-MMJ6

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-21 21:31 – Updated: 2026-04-21 21:31
VLAI
Details

Vulnerability in the Oracle VM VirtualBox product of Oracle Virtualization (component: Core). The supported version that is affected is 7.2.6. Difficult to exploit vulnerability allows high privileged attacker with logon to the infrastructure where Oracle VM VirtualBox executes to compromise Oracle VM VirtualBox. While the vulnerability is in Oracle VM VirtualBox, attacks may significantly impact additional products (scope change). Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in takeover of Oracle VM VirtualBox. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 7.5 (Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H).

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-35246"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-284"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-04-21T21:16:40Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Vulnerability in the Oracle VM VirtualBox product of Oracle Virtualization (component: Core).   The supported version that is affected is 7.2.6. Difficult to exploit vulnerability allows high privileged attacker with logon to the infrastructure where Oracle VM VirtualBox executes to compromise Oracle VM VirtualBox.  While the vulnerability is in Oracle VM VirtualBox, attacks may significantly impact additional products (scope change).  Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in takeover of Oracle VM VirtualBox. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 7.5 (Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability impacts).  CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H).",
  "id": "GHSA-r3gq-49p4-mmj6",
  "modified": "2026-04-21T21:31:27Z",
  "published": "2026-04-21T21:31:27Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-35246"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuapr2026.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-R3GQ-M2H3-69WV

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 03:43 – Updated: 2022-05-17 03:43
VLAI
Details

nfsd in the Linux kernel through 4.6.3 allows local users to bypass intended file-permission restrictions by setting a POSIX ACL, related to nfs2acl.c, nfs3acl.c, and nfs4acl.c.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2016-1237"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-284"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2016-06-29T14:10:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "nfsd in the Linux kernel through 4.6.3 allows local users to bypass intended file-permission restrictions by setting a POSIX ACL, related to nfs2acl.c, nfs3acl.c, and nfs4acl.c.",
  "id": "GHSA-r3gq-m2h3-69wv",
  "modified": "2022-05-17T03:43:05Z",
  "published": "2022-05-17T03:43:05Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-1237"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/torvalds/linux/commit/999653786df6954a31044528ac3f7a5dadca08f4"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1350845"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://git.kernel.org/cgit/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=999653786df6954a31044528ac3f7a5dadca08f4"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.debian.org/security/2016/dsa-3607"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2016/06/25/2"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/91456"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.ubuntu.com/usn/USN-3053-1"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.ubuntu.com/usn/USN-3070-1"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.ubuntu.com/usn/USN-3070-2"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.ubuntu.com/usn/USN-3070-3"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.ubuntu.com/usn/USN-3070-4"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-R3M2-P27F-8635

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-04-08 21:31 – Updated: 2025-04-08 21:31
VLAI
Details

ColdFusion versions 2023.12, 2021.18, 2025.0 and earlier are affected by an Improper Access Control vulnerability that could result in arbitrary file system read. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to access or modify sensitive data without proper authorization. Exploitation of this issue does not require user interaction.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-30281"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-284"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-04-08T20:15:25Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "ColdFusion versions 2023.12, 2021.18, 2025.0 and earlier are affected by an Improper Access Control vulnerability that could result in arbitrary file system read. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to access or modify sensitive data without proper authorization. Exploitation of this issue does not require user interaction.",
  "id": "GHSA-r3m2-p27f-8635",
  "modified": "2025-04-08T21:31:40Z",
  "published": "2025-04-08T21:31:40Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-30281"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/coldfusion/apsb25-15.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-R3P9-XJH5-CP2M

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-08-17 00:00 – Updated: 2022-08-18 00:00
VLAI
Details

There is an improper access control vulnerability in Portal for ArcGIS versions 10.8.1 and below which could allow a remote, unauthenticated attacker to access an API that may induce Esri Portal for ArcGIS to read arbitrary URLs.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-38184"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-284",
      "CWE-668"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-08-16T18:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "There is an improper access control vulnerability in Portal for ArcGIS versions 10.8.1 and below which could allow a remote, unauthenticated attacker to access an API that may induce Esri Portal for ArcGIS to read arbitrary URLs.",
  "id": "GHSA-r3p9-xjh5-cp2m",
  "modified": "2022-08-18T00:00:21Z",
  "published": "2022-08-17T00:00:22Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-38184"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.esri.com/arcgis-blog/products/arcgis-enterprise/administration/portal-for-arcgis-security-2022-update-1-patch"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-R3XH-R3G8-X9XH

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-05-10 15:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 03:59
VLAI
Details

Improper access control in some Intel(R) QAT drivers for Windows before version 1.9.0 may allow an authenticated user to potentially enable information disclosure via local access.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-41621"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-284"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-05-10T14:15:16Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Improper access control in some Intel(R) QAT drivers for Windows before version 1.9.0 may allow an authenticated user to potentially enable information disclosure via local access.",
  "id": "GHSA-r3xh-r3g8-x9xh",
  "modified": "2024-04-04T03:59:35Z",
  "published": "2023-05-10T15:30:21Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-41621"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/security-center/advisory/intel-sa-00778.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

Mitigation MIT-1
Architecture and Design Operation

Very carefully manage the setting, management, and handling of privileges. Explicitly manage trust zones in the software.

Mitigation MIT-46
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Separation of Privilege

  • Compartmentalize the system to have "safe" areas where trust boundaries can be unambiguously drawn. Do not allow sensitive data to go outside of the trust boundary and always be careful when interfacing with a compartment outside of the safe area.
  • Ensure that appropriate compartmentalization is built into the system design, and the compartmentalization allows for and reinforces privilege separation functionality. Architects and designers should rely on the principle of least privilege to decide the appropriate time to use privileges and the time to drop privileges.
CAPEC-19: Embedding Scripts within Scripts

An adversary leverages the capability to execute their own script by embedding it within other scripts that the target software is likely to execute due to programs' vulnerabilities that are brought on by allowing remote hosts to execute scripts.

CAPEC-441: Malicious Logic Insertion

An adversary installs or adds malicious logic (also known as malware) into a seemingly benign component of a fielded system. This logic is often hidden from the user of the system and works behind the scenes to achieve negative impacts. With the proliferation of mass digital storage and inexpensive multimedia devices, Bluetooth and 802.11 support, new attack vectors for spreading malware are emerging for things we once thought of as innocuous greeting cards, picture frames, or digital projectors. This pattern of attack focuses on systems already fielded and used in operation as opposed to systems and their components that are still under development and part of the supply chain.

CAPEC-478: Modification of Windows Service Configuration

An adversary exploits a weakness in access control to modify the execution parameters of a Windows service. The goal of this attack is to execute a malicious binary in place of an existing service.

CAPEC-479: Malicious Root Certificate

An adversary exploits a weakness in authorization and installs a new root certificate on a compromised system. Certificates are commonly used for establishing secure TLS/SSL communications within a web browser. When a user attempts to browse a website that presents a certificate that is not trusted an error message will be displayed to warn the user of the security risk. Depending on the security settings, the browser may not allow the user to establish a connection to the website. Adversaries have used this technique to avoid security warnings prompting users when compromised systems connect over HTTPS to adversary controlled web servers that spoof legitimate websites in order to collect login credentials.

CAPEC-502: Intent Spoof

An adversary, through a previously installed malicious application, issues an intent directed toward a specific trusted application's component in an attempt to achieve a variety of different objectives including modification of data, information disclosure, and data injection. Components that have been unintentionally exported and made public are subject to this type of an attack. If the component trusts the intent's action without verififcation, then the target application performs the functionality at the adversary's request, helping the adversary achieve the desired negative technical impact.

CAPEC-503: WebView Exposure

An adversary, through a malicious web page, accesses application specific functionality by leveraging interfaces registered through WebView's addJavascriptInterface API. Once an interface is registered to WebView through addJavascriptInterface, it becomes global and all pages loaded in the WebView can call this interface.

CAPEC-536: Data Injected During Configuration

An attacker with access to data files and processes on a victim's system injects malicious data into critical operational data during configuration or recalibration, causing the victim's system to perform in a suboptimal manner that benefits the adversary.

CAPEC-546: Incomplete Data Deletion in a Multi-Tenant Environment

An adversary obtains unauthorized information due to insecure or incomplete data deletion in a multi-tenant environment. If a cloud provider fails to completely delete storage and data from former cloud tenants' systems/resources, once these resources are allocated to new, potentially malicious tenants, the latter can probe the provided resources for sensitive information still there.

CAPEC-550: Install New Service

When an operating system starts, it also starts programs called services or daemons. Adversaries may install a new service which will be executed at startup (on a Windows system, by modifying the registry). The service name may be disguised by using a name from a related operating system or benign software. Services are usually run with elevated privileges.

CAPEC-551: Modify Existing Service

When an operating system starts, it also starts programs called services or daemons. Modifying existing services may break existing services or may enable services that are disabled/not commonly used.

CAPEC-552: Install Rootkit

An adversary exploits a weakness in authentication to install malware that alters the functionality and information provide by targeted operating system API calls. Often referred to as rootkits, it is often used to hide the presence of programs, files, network connections, services, drivers, and other system components.

CAPEC-556: Replace File Extension Handlers

When a file is opened, its file handler is checked to determine which program opens the file. File handlers are configuration properties of many operating systems. Applications can modify the file handler for a given file extension to call an arbitrary program when a file with the given extension is opened.

CAPEC-558: Replace Trusted Executable

An adversary exploits weaknesses in privilege management or access control to replace a trusted executable with a malicious version and enable the execution of malware when that trusted executable is called.

CAPEC-562: Modify Shared File

An adversary manipulates the files in a shared location by adding malicious programs, scripts, or exploit code to valid content. Once a user opens the shared content, the tainted content is executed.

CAPEC-563: Add Malicious File to Shared Webroot

An adversaries may add malicious content to a website through the open file share and then browse to that content with a web browser to cause the server to execute the content. The malicious content will typically run under the context and permissions of the web server process, often resulting in local system or administrative privileges depending on how the web server is configured.

CAPEC-564: Run Software at Logon

Operating system allows logon scripts to be run whenever a specific user or users logon to a system. If adversaries can access these scripts, they may insert additional code into the logon script. This code can allow them to maintain persistence or move laterally within an enclave because it is executed every time the affected user or users logon to a computer. Modifying logon scripts can effectively bypass workstation and enclave firewalls. Depending on the access configuration of the logon scripts, either local credentials or a remote administrative account may be necessary.

CAPEC-578: Disable Security Software

An adversary exploits a weakness in access control to disable security tools so that detection does not occur. This can take the form of killing processes, deleting registry keys so that tools do not start at run time, deleting log files, or other methods.