CWE-284
DiscouragedImproper Access Control
Abstraction: Pillar · Status: Incomplete
The product does not restrict or incorrectly restricts access to a resource from an unauthorized actor.
7787 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-QG9V-5P67-CG3R
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-06-06 09:30 – Updated: 2025-06-06 09:30A vulnerability classified as critical was found in SourceCodester Open Source Clinic Management System 1.0. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the file /manage_website.php. The manipulation of the argument website_image leads to unrestricted upload. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-5728"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284",
"CWE-434"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-06-06T07:15:30Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A vulnerability classified as critical was found in SourceCodester Open Source Clinic Management System 1.0. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the file /manage_website.php. The manipulation of the argument website_image leads to unrestricted upload. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.",
"id": "GHSA-qg9v-5p67-cg3r",
"modified": "2025-06-06T09:30:25Z",
"published": "2025-06-06T09:30:25Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-5728"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/mysq13/CVE/issues/4"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.311248"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.311248"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.590578"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.sourcecodester.com"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-QGC5-2PJM-6X2M
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-12 00:31 – Updated: 2026-03-16 15:30Insufficient policy enforcement in DevTools in Google Chrome prior to 146.0.7680.71 allowed a remote attacker to bypass navigation restrictions via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Low)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-3940"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-03-11T22:16:36Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Insufficient policy enforcement in DevTools in Google Chrome prior to 146.0.7680.71 allowed a remote attacker to bypass navigation restrictions via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Low)",
"id": "GHSA-qgc5-2pjm-6x2m",
"modified": "2026-03-16T15:30:34Z",
"published": "2026-03-12T00:31:17Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-3940"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2026/03/stable-channel-update-for-desktop_10.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://issues.chromium.org/issues/470574526"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-QGGV-955F-27X4
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-10-14 18:30 – Updated: 2025-10-14 18:30Arbitrary file deletion vulnerabilities have been identified in the command-line interface of an AOS-8 Controller/Mobility Conductor. Successful exploitation of these vulnerabilities could allow an authenticated remote malicious actor to delete arbitrary files within the affected system.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-37137"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-10-14T17:15:40Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Arbitrary file deletion vulnerabilities have been identified in the command-line interface of an AOS-8 Controller/Mobility Conductor. Successful exploitation of these vulnerabilities could allow an authenticated remote malicious actor to delete arbitrary files within the affected system.",
"id": "GHSA-qggv-955f-27x4",
"modified": "2025-10-14T18:30:28Z",
"published": "2025-10-14T18:30:28Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-37137"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.hpe.com/hpesc/public/docDisplay?docId=hpesbnw04957en_us\u0026docLocale=en_US"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-QGHG-P6J3-W7J7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 02:41 – Updated: 2022-05-17 02:41Cybozu Dezie 8.0.0 to 8.1.1 allows remote attackers to bypass access restrictions to delete an arbitrary DBM (Cybozu Dezie proprietary format) file via unspecified vectors.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2016-7833"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-06-09T16:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Cybozu Dezie 8.0.0 to 8.1.1 allows remote attackers to bypass access restrictions to delete an arbitrary DBM (Cybozu Dezie proprietary format) file via unspecified vectors.",
"id": "GHSA-qghg-p6j3-w7j7",
"modified": "2022-05-17T02:41:24Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T02:41:24Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-7833"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://jvn.jp/en/jp/JVN16781735/index.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.cybozu.com/ja-jp/article/9741"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/94831"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-QGM5-MWPP-55V4
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-17 18:35 – Updated: 2026-06-17 18:35Vulnerability in the Siebel CRM Cloud Applications product of Oracle Siebel CRM (component: Siebel Cloud Manager). Supported versions that are affected are 17.0-26.5. Difficult to exploit vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise Siebel CRM Cloud Applications. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in takeover of Siebel CRM Cloud Applications. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 8.1 (Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-46920"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-17T10:54:09Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Vulnerability in the Siebel CRM Cloud Applications product of Oracle Siebel CRM (component: Siebel Cloud Manager). Supported versions that are affected are 17.0-26.5. Difficult to exploit vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise Siebel CRM Cloud Applications. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in takeover of Siebel CRM Cloud Applications. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 8.1 (Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).",
"id": "GHSA-qgm5-mwpp-55v4",
"modified": "2026-06-17T18:35:37Z",
"published": "2026-06-17T18:35:37Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-46920"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cspujun2026.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-QGPM-9VQG-RGRR
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-04-04 15:30 – Updated: 2024-11-20 21:30Improper access control vulnerability in Apaczka plugin for PrestaShop allows information gathering from saved templates without authentication.This issue affects Apaczka plugin for PrestaShop from v1 through v4.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-2759"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284",
"CWE-552"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-04-04T14:15:10Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Improper access control vulnerability in Apaczka plugin for PrestaShop allows information gathering from saved templates without authentication.This issue affects Apaczka plugin for PrestaShop from v1 through v4.\n\n",
"id": "GHSA-qgpm-9vqg-rgrr",
"modified": "2024-11-20T21:30:42Z",
"published": "2024-04-04T15:30:34Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-2759"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cert.pl/en/posts/2024/04/CVE-2024-2759"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cert.pl/posts/2024/04/CVE-2024-2759"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-QGPW-6V3F-GH8Q
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-05 15:32 – Updated: 2026-06-05 15:32A security vulnerability has been detected in tittuvarghese CollegeManagementSystem 3e476335cfbfb9a049e09f474c7ec885f69a9df3/a38852979f7e27ae67b610dce5979500ef8ebe01. The impacted element is an unknown function of the file dashboard_page/forms/upload_student_data.php of the component Student Data Upload Endpoint. Such manipulation of the argument Student-Data-CSV leads to unrestricted upload. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed publicly and may be used. This product takes the approach of rolling releases to provide continious delivery. Therefore, version details for affected and updated releases are not available. The project was informed of the problem early through an issue report but has not responded yet.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-11333"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-05T15:16:51Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "A security vulnerability has been detected in tittuvarghese CollegeManagementSystem 3e476335cfbfb9a049e09f474c7ec885f69a9df3/a38852979f7e27ae67b610dce5979500ef8ebe01. The impacted element is an unknown function of the file dashboard_page/forms/upload_student_data.php of the component Student Data Upload Endpoint. Such manipulation of the argument Student-Data-CSV leads to unrestricted upload. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed publicly and may be used. This product takes the approach of rolling releases to provide continious delivery. Therefore, version details for affected and updated releases are not available. The project was informed of the problem early through an issue report but has not responded yet.",
"id": "GHSA-qgpw-6v3f-gh8q",
"modified": "2026-06-05T15:32:26Z",
"published": "2026-06-05T15:32:25Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-11333"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/tittuvarghese/CollegeManagementSystem/issues/2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/tittuvarghese/CollegeManagementSystem"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-11333"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/submit/832530"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/368871"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/368871/cti"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-QH2F-99MV-MRCF
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-02 15:42 – Updated: 2026-07-02 15:42Summary
Bundle MCP loopback could miss its exec denylist on session spawn. In affected versions, a caller that can reach the affected bundled MCP session-spawn path could bypass the denylist that was intended for that loopback MCP entry point.
This advisory is scoped to the named feature and configuration. It does not change OpenClaw's trusted-operator model: authenticated Gateway operators, installed plugins, and intentional local execution surfaces remain trusted unless a separate policy, approval, allowlist, sandbox, or auth boundary is crossed.
Impact
When the affected feature is enabled and reachable, this could start a session with broader command reach than that MCP path should provide. Practical impact depends on the operator's configuration and whether lower-trust input can reach that path.
Patched Versions
The first stable patched version is 2026.5.12.
Mitigations
restrict bundled MCP loopback access to trusted operators until patched. As general hardening, keep channel and tool allowlists narrow, avoid sharing one Gateway between mutually untrusted users, and disable the affected feature when it is not needed.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "openclaw"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "2026.5.12"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-78",
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-07-02T15:42:42Z",
"nvd_published_at": null,
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "### Summary\n\nBundle MCP loopback could miss its exec denylist on session spawn. In affected versions, a caller that can reach the affected bundled MCP session-spawn path could bypass the denylist that was intended for that loopback MCP entry point.\n\nThis advisory is scoped to the named feature and configuration. It does not change OpenClaw\u0027s trusted-operator model: authenticated Gateway operators, installed plugins, and intentional local execution surfaces remain trusted unless a separate policy, approval, allowlist, sandbox, or auth boundary is crossed.\n\n### Impact\n\nWhen the affected feature is enabled and reachable, this could start a session with broader command reach than that MCP path should provide. Practical impact depends on the operator\u0027s configuration and whether lower-trust input can reach that path.\n\n### Patched Versions\n\nThe first stable patched version is `2026.5.12`.\n\n### Mitigations\n\nrestrict bundled MCP loopback access to trusted operators until patched. As general hardening, keep channel and tool allowlists narrow, avoid sharing one Gateway between mutually untrusted users, and disable the affected feature when it is not needed.",
"id": "GHSA-qh2f-99mv-mrcf",
"modified": "2026-07-02T15:42:42Z",
"published": "2026-07-02T15:42:42Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-qh2f-99mv-mrcf"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "OpenClaw: Bundle MCP loopback could miss its exec denylist on session spawn"
}
GHSA-QH2H-QR7M-W7FP
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-08-21 15:30 – Updated: 2025-08-21 21:32Incorrect access control in the component /controller/PersonController.java of jshERP v3.5 allows unauthorized attackers to obtain all the information of the handler by executing the getAllList method.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-55371"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-08-21T15:15:34Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Incorrect access control in the component /controller/PersonController.java of jshERP v3.5 allows unauthorized attackers to obtain all the information of the handler by executing the getAllList method.",
"id": "GHSA-qh2h-qr7m-w7fp",
"modified": "2025-08-21T21:32:04Z",
"published": "2025-08-21T15:30:35Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-55371"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/cina666/CVE/blob/main/jshERP/%E8%B6%8A%E6%9D%83%E8%87%B4%E4%BB%BB%E6%84%8F%E6%8E%A5%E7%AE%A1%E8%B4%A6%E5%8F%B7.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/jishenghua/jshERP"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://jsherp.com"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-QH4R-W9X4-6FQ2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-04-15 21:31 – Updated: 2025-11-03 21:33Vulnerability in Oracle Java SE (component: Compiler). Supported versions that are affected are Oracle Java SE: 21.0.6, 24; Oracle GraalVM for JDK: 21.0.6 and 24. Difficult to exploit vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via multiple protocols to compromise Oracle Java SE. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized update, insert or delete access to some of Oracle Java SE accessible data as well as unauthorized read access to a subset of Oracle Java SE accessible data. Note: This vulnerability can be exploited by using APIs in the specified Component, e.g., through a web service which supplies data to the APIs. This vulnerability also applies to Java deployments, typically in clients running sandboxed Java Web Start applications or sandboxed Java applets, that load and run untrusted code (e.g., code that comes from the internet) and rely on the Java sandbox for security. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 4.8 (Confidentiality and Integrity impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N).
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-30691"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-04-15T21:15:58Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Vulnerability in Oracle Java SE (component: Compiler). Supported versions that are affected are Oracle Java SE: 21.0.6, 24; Oracle GraalVM for JDK: 21.0.6 and 24. Difficult to exploit vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via multiple protocols to compromise Oracle Java SE. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized update, insert or delete access to some of Oracle Java SE accessible data as well as unauthorized read access to a subset of Oracle Java SE accessible data. Note: This vulnerability can be exploited by using APIs in the specified Component, e.g., through a web service which supplies data to the APIs. This vulnerability also applies to Java deployments, typically in clients running sandboxed Java Web Start applications or sandboxed Java applets, that load and run untrusted code (e.g., code that comes from the internet) and rely on the Java sandbox for security. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 4.8 (Confidentiality and Integrity impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N).",
"id": "GHSA-qh4r-w9x4-6fq2",
"modified": "2025-11-03T21:33:33Z",
"published": "2025-04-15T21:31:46Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-30691"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/05/msg00026.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20250418-0004"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuapr2025.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-1
Very carefully manage the setting, management, and handling of privileges. Explicitly manage trust zones in the software.
Mitigation MIT-46
Strategy: Separation of Privilege
- Compartmentalize the system to have "safe" areas where trust boundaries can be unambiguously drawn. Do not allow sensitive data to go outside of the trust boundary and always be careful when interfacing with a compartment outside of the safe area.
- Ensure that appropriate compartmentalization is built into the system design, and the compartmentalization allows for and reinforces privilege separation functionality. Architects and designers should rely on the principle of least privilege to decide the appropriate time to use privileges and the time to drop privileges.
CAPEC-19: Embedding Scripts within Scripts
An adversary leverages the capability to execute their own script by embedding it within other scripts that the target software is likely to execute due to programs' vulnerabilities that are brought on by allowing remote hosts to execute scripts.
CAPEC-441: Malicious Logic Insertion
An adversary installs or adds malicious logic (also known as malware) into a seemingly benign component of a fielded system. This logic is often hidden from the user of the system and works behind the scenes to achieve negative impacts. With the proliferation of mass digital storage and inexpensive multimedia devices, Bluetooth and 802.11 support, new attack vectors for spreading malware are emerging for things we once thought of as innocuous greeting cards, picture frames, or digital projectors. This pattern of attack focuses on systems already fielded and used in operation as opposed to systems and their components that are still under development and part of the supply chain.
CAPEC-478: Modification of Windows Service Configuration
An adversary exploits a weakness in access control to modify the execution parameters of a Windows service. The goal of this attack is to execute a malicious binary in place of an existing service.
CAPEC-479: Malicious Root Certificate
An adversary exploits a weakness in authorization and installs a new root certificate on a compromised system. Certificates are commonly used for establishing secure TLS/SSL communications within a web browser. When a user attempts to browse a website that presents a certificate that is not trusted an error message will be displayed to warn the user of the security risk. Depending on the security settings, the browser may not allow the user to establish a connection to the website. Adversaries have used this technique to avoid security warnings prompting users when compromised systems connect over HTTPS to adversary controlled web servers that spoof legitimate websites in order to collect login credentials.
CAPEC-502: Intent Spoof
An adversary, through a previously installed malicious application, issues an intent directed toward a specific trusted application's component in an attempt to achieve a variety of different objectives including modification of data, information disclosure, and data injection. Components that have been unintentionally exported and made public are subject to this type of an attack. If the component trusts the intent's action without verififcation, then the target application performs the functionality at the adversary's request, helping the adversary achieve the desired negative technical impact.
CAPEC-503: WebView Exposure
An adversary, through a malicious web page, accesses application specific functionality by leveraging interfaces registered through WebView's addJavascriptInterface API. Once an interface is registered to WebView through addJavascriptInterface, it becomes global and all pages loaded in the WebView can call this interface.
CAPEC-536: Data Injected During Configuration
An attacker with access to data files and processes on a victim's system injects malicious data into critical operational data during configuration or recalibration, causing the victim's system to perform in a suboptimal manner that benefits the adversary.
CAPEC-546: Incomplete Data Deletion in a Multi-Tenant Environment
An adversary obtains unauthorized information due to insecure or incomplete data deletion in a multi-tenant environment. If a cloud provider fails to completely delete storage and data from former cloud tenants' systems/resources, once these resources are allocated to new, potentially malicious tenants, the latter can probe the provided resources for sensitive information still there.
CAPEC-550: Install New Service
When an operating system starts, it also starts programs called services or daemons. Adversaries may install a new service which will be executed at startup (on a Windows system, by modifying the registry). The service name may be disguised by using a name from a related operating system or benign software. Services are usually run with elevated privileges.
CAPEC-551: Modify Existing Service
When an operating system starts, it also starts programs called services or daemons. Modifying existing services may break existing services or may enable services that are disabled/not commonly used.
CAPEC-552: Install Rootkit
An adversary exploits a weakness in authentication to install malware that alters the functionality and information provide by targeted operating system API calls. Often referred to as rootkits, it is often used to hide the presence of programs, files, network connections, services, drivers, and other system components.
CAPEC-556: Replace File Extension Handlers
When a file is opened, its file handler is checked to determine which program opens the file. File handlers are configuration properties of many operating systems. Applications can modify the file handler for a given file extension to call an arbitrary program when a file with the given extension is opened.
CAPEC-558: Replace Trusted Executable
An adversary exploits weaknesses in privilege management or access control to replace a trusted executable with a malicious version and enable the execution of malware when that trusted executable is called.
CAPEC-562: Modify Shared File
An adversary manipulates the files in a shared location by adding malicious programs, scripts, or exploit code to valid content. Once a user opens the shared content, the tainted content is executed.
CAPEC-563: Add Malicious File to Shared Webroot
An adversaries may add malicious content to a website through the open file share and then browse to that content with a web browser to cause the server to execute the content. The malicious content will typically run under the context and permissions of the web server process, often resulting in local system or administrative privileges depending on how the web server is configured.
CAPEC-564: Run Software at Logon
Operating system allows logon scripts to be run whenever a specific user or users logon to a system. If adversaries can access these scripts, they may insert additional code into the logon script. This code can allow them to maintain persistence or move laterally within an enclave because it is executed every time the affected user or users logon to a computer. Modifying logon scripts can effectively bypass workstation and enclave firewalls. Depending on the access configuration of the logon scripts, either local credentials or a remote administrative account may be necessary.
CAPEC-578: Disable Security Software
An adversary exploits a weakness in access control to disable security tools so that detection does not occur. This can take the form of killing processes, deleting registry keys so that tools do not start at run time, deleting log files, or other methods.