Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-284

Discouraged

Improper Access Control

Abstraction: Pillar · Status: Incomplete

The product does not restrict or incorrectly restricts access to a resource from an unauthorized actor.

7797 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-Q5RG-W8WF-2J28

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-10-25 19:00 – Updated: 2022-10-26 19:00
VLAI
Details

An authentication bypass vulnerability exists in the GHOME control functionality of Abode Systems, Inc. iota All-In-One Security Kit 6.9X and 6.9Z. A specially-crafted network request can lead to arbitrary XCMD execution. An attacker can send a malicious XML payload to trigger this vulnerability.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-27805"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-284"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-10-25T17:15:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "An authentication bypass vulnerability exists in the GHOME control functionality of Abode Systems, Inc. iota All-In-One Security Kit 6.9X and 6.9Z. A specially-crafted network request can lead to arbitrary XCMD execution. An attacker can send a malicious XML payload to trigger this vulnerability.",
  "id": "GHSA-q5rg-w8wf-2j28",
  "modified": "2022-10-26T19:00:42Z",
  "published": "2022-10-25T19:00:26Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-27805"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2022-1552"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-Q5X2-7C2J-3RWQ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:38 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:38
VLAI
Details

Nextcloud Server before 9.0.54 and 10.0.1 & ownCloud Server before 9.0.6 and 9.1.2 suffer from content spoofing in the dav app. The exception message displayed on the DAV endpoints contained partially user-controllable input leading to a potential misrepresentation of information.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2016-9468"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-284",
      "CWE-451"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2017-03-28T02:59:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Nextcloud Server before 9.0.54 and 10.0.1 \u0026 ownCloud Server before 9.0.6 and 9.1.2 suffer from content spoofing in the dav app. The exception message displayed on the DAV endpoints contained partially user-controllable input leading to a potential misrepresentation of information.",
  "id": "GHSA-q5x2-7c2j-3rwq",
  "modified": "2022-05-13T01:38:32Z",
  "published": "2022-05-13T01:38:32Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-9468"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/nextcloud/server/commit/7350e13113c8ed484727a5c25331ec11d4d59f5f"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/nextcloud/server/commit/a4cfb3ddc1f4cdb585e05c0e9b2f8e52a0e2ee3e"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/owncloud/core/commit/96b8afe48570bc70088ccd8f897e9d71997d336e"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/owncloud/core/commit/bcc6c39ad8c22a00323a114e9c1a0a834983fb35"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://hackerone.com/reports/149798"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://nextcloud.com/security/advisory/?id=nc-sa-2016-011"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://owncloud.org/security/advisory/?id=oc-sa-2016-021"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-Q5XG-WH3X-VMCF

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-26 03:31 – Updated: 2026-06-26 03:31
VLAI
Details

A bypass to the admin‑only restriction of the XML‑RPC API in Revive Adserver 6.0.7. The API response for the ox.login method returned a session ID cookie in the HTTP headers, and although the method correctly returned an error, the associated session was not invalidated. As a result, the leaked session ID could be used to perform subsequent API calls without restrictions.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-50744"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-284"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-06-26T02:16:53Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A bypass to the admin\u2011only restriction of the XML\u2011RPC API in Revive Adserver 6.0.7. The API response for the ox.login method returned a session ID cookie in the HTTP headers, and although the method correctly returned an error, the associated session was not invalidated. As a result, the leaked session ID could be used to perform subsequent API calls without restrictions.",
  "id": "GHSA-q5xg-wh3x-vmcf",
  "modified": "2026-06-26T03:31:30Z",
  "published": "2026-06-26T03:31:30Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-50744"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://hackerone.com/reports/3783738"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-Q636-JCMG-X9G2

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-05-22 18:30 – Updated: 2024-05-22 18:30
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability in the file policy feature that is used to inspect encrypted archive files of Cisco Firepower Threat Defense (FTD) Software could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to bypass a configured file policy to block an encrypted archive file. This vulnerability exists because of a logic error when a specific class of encrypted archive files is inspected. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending a crafted, encrypted archive file through the affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to send an encrypted archive file, which could contain malware and should have been blocked and dropped at the Cisco FTD device.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-20261"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-284"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-05-22T17:16:12Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability in the file policy feature that is used to inspect encrypted archive files of Cisco Firepower Threat Defense (FTD) Software could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to bypass a configured file policy to block an encrypted archive file. This vulnerability exists because of a logic error when a specific class of encrypted archive files is inspected. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending a crafted, encrypted archive file through the affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to send an encrypted archive file, which could contain malware and should have been blocked and dropped at the Cisco FTD device.",
  "id": "GHSA-q636-jcmg-x9g2",
  "modified": "2024-05-22T18:30:42Z",
  "published": "2024-05-22T18:30:42Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-20261"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://sec.cloudapps.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-ftd-archive-bypass-z4wQjwcN"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-Q64V-QF3J-577F

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:14 – Updated: 2022-10-27 19:00
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability has been identified in SINEMA Remote Connect Server (All versions < V3.0 SP2). The affected software allows sending send-to-sleep notifications to the managed devices. An unauthenticated attacker in the same network of the affected system can abuse these notifications to cause a Denial-of-Service condition in the managed devices.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-37183"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-284"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-09-14T11:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability has been identified in SINEMA Remote Connect Server (All versions \u003c V3.0 SP2). The affected software allows sending send-to-sleep notifications to the managed devices. An unauthenticated attacker in the same network of the affected system can abuse these notifications to cause a Denial-of-Service condition in the managed devices.",
  "id": "GHSA-q64v-qf3j-577f",
  "modified": "2022-10-27T19:00:39Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T19:14:31Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-37183"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/pdf/ssa-334944.pdf"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-Q658-FH2M-CGVF

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-02-06 00:30 – Updated: 2026-04-08 21:32
VLAI
Details

The Starbox – the Author Box for Humans plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Insecure Direct Object Reference in all versions up to, and including, 3.4.7 via the action function due to missing validation on a user controlled key. This makes it possible for subscribers to view plugin preferences and potentially other user settings.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-0366"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-284",
      "CWE-639"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-02-05T22:16:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "The Starbox \u2013 the Author Box for Humans plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Insecure Direct Object Reference in all versions up to, and including, 3.4.7 via the action function due to missing validation on a user controlled key. This makes it possible for subscribers to view plugin preferences and potentially other user settings.",
  "id": "GHSA-q658-fh2m-cgvf",
  "modified": "2026-04-08T21:32:12Z",
  "published": "2024-02-06T00:30:27Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-0366"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/starbox/trunk/core/UserSettings.php"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset/3028775/starbox/trunk?contextall=1\u0026old=3000701\u0026old_path=%2Fstarbox%2Ftrunk"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset/3028775/starbox/trunk?contextall=1\u0026old=3000701\u0026old_path=/starbox/trunk"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/c47601b4-bf16-4f59-b5f3-584a8eac7c67?source=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-Q658-HFPG-35QC

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-05 20:42 – Updated: 2026-03-06 15:17
VLAI
Summary
Gokapi has privilege escalation via incomplete API-key permission revocation on user rank demotion
Details

Summary

A privilege escalation vulnerability in the user rank demotion logic allows a demoted user's existing API keys to retain ApiPermManageFileRequests and ApiPermManageLogs permissions, enabling continued access to upload-request management and log viewing endpoints after the user has been stripped of all privileges.

Impact

Any user who previously held Admin rank and had API keys with ApiPermManageFileRequests or ApiPermManageLogs retains those capabilities after demotion. This allows offboarded or demoted users to: - Create, list, and delete upload requests - Read application logs and system status

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Go",
        "name": "github.com/forceu/gokapi"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.2.3"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-29061"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-284"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-03-05T20:42:32Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-03-06T05:16:40Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "### Summary\nA privilege escalation vulnerability in the user rank demotion logic allows a demoted user\u0027s existing API keys to retain ApiPermManageFileRequests and ApiPermManageLogs permissions, enabling continued access to upload-request management  and log viewing endpoints after the user has been stripped of all privileges.\n\n### Impact\nAny user who previously held Admin rank and had API keys with ApiPermManageFileRequests or ApiPermManageLogs retains those capabilities after demotion. This allows offboarded or demoted users to:\n  - Create, list, and delete upload requests\n  - Read application logs and system status",
  "id": "GHSA-q658-hfpg-35qc",
  "modified": "2026-03-06T15:17:16Z",
  "published": "2026-03-05T20:42:32Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/Forceu/Gokapi/security/advisories/GHSA-q658-hfpg-35qc"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-29061"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/Forceu/Gokapi"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/Forceu/Gokapi/releases/tag/v2.2.3"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Gokapi has privilege escalation via incomplete API-key permission revocation on user rank demotion"
}

GHSA-Q659-9Q97-PHJ4

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-10-16 00:30 – Updated: 2024-10-16 00:30
VLAI
Details

Improper Access Control in Imagine Cup allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges over a network.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-38204"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-284"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-10-15T23:15:15Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Improper Access Control in Imagine Cup allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges over a network.",
  "id": "GHSA-q659-9q97-phj4",
  "modified": "2024-10-16T00:30:58Z",
  "published": "2024-10-16T00:30:58Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-38204"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2024-38204"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-Q66C-6WWQ-QF8F

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-05 15:32 – Updated: 2026-06-05 15:32
VLAI
Details

Improper Access Control, Missing Authorization vulnerability in HAVELSAN Inc. Geographic Tracking System allows Accessing Functionality Not Properly Constrained by ACLs.

This issue affects Geographic Tracking System: before v0.0.2.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-6209"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-284"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-06-05T15:16:53Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "Improper Access Control, Missing Authorization vulnerability in HAVELSAN Inc. Geographic Tracking System allows Accessing Functionality Not Properly Constrained by ACLs.\n\nThis issue affects Geographic Tracking System: before v0.0.2.",
  "id": "GHSA-q66c-6wwq-qf8f",
  "modified": "2026-06-05T15:32:26Z",
  "published": "2026-06-05T15:32:26Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-6209"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://siberguvenlik.gov.tr/guvenlik-bildirimleri/detay/tr-26-0325"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-Q688-567H-W8MX

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-10-16 15:30 – Updated: 2025-10-16 21:31
VLAI
Details

A Host Header Injection vulnerability exists in the password reset functionality of CraftMyCMS 4.0.2.2. The system uses $_SERVER['HTTP_HOST'] directly to construct password reset links sent via email. An attacker can manipulate the Host header to send malicious reset links, enabling phishing attacks or account takeover.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-61543"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-284"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-10-16T15:15:34Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "A Host Header Injection vulnerability exists in the password reset functionality of CraftMyCMS 4.0.2.2. The system uses `$_SERVER[\u0027HTTP_HOST\u0027]` directly to construct password reset links sent via email. An attacker can manipulate the Host header to send malicious reset links, enabling phishing attacks or account takeover.",
  "id": "GHSA-q688-567h-w8mx",
  "modified": "2025-10-16T21:31:15Z",
  "published": "2025-10-16T15:30:43Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-61543"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/bugdotexe/Vulnerability-Research/tree/main/CVE-2025-61543"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://owasp.org/www-community/vulnerabilities/HTTP_Host_header_injection"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

Mitigation MIT-1
Architecture and Design Operation

Very carefully manage the setting, management, and handling of privileges. Explicitly manage trust zones in the software.

Mitigation MIT-46
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Separation of Privilege

  • Compartmentalize the system to have "safe" areas where trust boundaries can be unambiguously drawn. Do not allow sensitive data to go outside of the trust boundary and always be careful when interfacing with a compartment outside of the safe area.
  • Ensure that appropriate compartmentalization is built into the system design, and the compartmentalization allows for and reinforces privilege separation functionality. Architects and designers should rely on the principle of least privilege to decide the appropriate time to use privileges and the time to drop privileges.
CAPEC-19: Embedding Scripts within Scripts

An adversary leverages the capability to execute their own script by embedding it within other scripts that the target software is likely to execute due to programs' vulnerabilities that are brought on by allowing remote hosts to execute scripts.

CAPEC-441: Malicious Logic Insertion

An adversary installs or adds malicious logic (also known as malware) into a seemingly benign component of a fielded system. This logic is often hidden from the user of the system and works behind the scenes to achieve negative impacts. With the proliferation of mass digital storage and inexpensive multimedia devices, Bluetooth and 802.11 support, new attack vectors for spreading malware are emerging for things we once thought of as innocuous greeting cards, picture frames, or digital projectors. This pattern of attack focuses on systems already fielded and used in operation as opposed to systems and their components that are still under development and part of the supply chain.

CAPEC-478: Modification of Windows Service Configuration

An adversary exploits a weakness in access control to modify the execution parameters of a Windows service. The goal of this attack is to execute a malicious binary in place of an existing service.

CAPEC-479: Malicious Root Certificate

An adversary exploits a weakness in authorization and installs a new root certificate on a compromised system. Certificates are commonly used for establishing secure TLS/SSL communications within a web browser. When a user attempts to browse a website that presents a certificate that is not trusted an error message will be displayed to warn the user of the security risk. Depending on the security settings, the browser may not allow the user to establish a connection to the website. Adversaries have used this technique to avoid security warnings prompting users when compromised systems connect over HTTPS to adversary controlled web servers that spoof legitimate websites in order to collect login credentials.

CAPEC-502: Intent Spoof

An adversary, through a previously installed malicious application, issues an intent directed toward a specific trusted application's component in an attempt to achieve a variety of different objectives including modification of data, information disclosure, and data injection. Components that have been unintentionally exported and made public are subject to this type of an attack. If the component trusts the intent's action without verififcation, then the target application performs the functionality at the adversary's request, helping the adversary achieve the desired negative technical impact.

CAPEC-503: WebView Exposure

An adversary, through a malicious web page, accesses application specific functionality by leveraging interfaces registered through WebView's addJavascriptInterface API. Once an interface is registered to WebView through addJavascriptInterface, it becomes global and all pages loaded in the WebView can call this interface.

CAPEC-536: Data Injected During Configuration

An attacker with access to data files and processes on a victim's system injects malicious data into critical operational data during configuration or recalibration, causing the victim's system to perform in a suboptimal manner that benefits the adversary.

CAPEC-546: Incomplete Data Deletion in a Multi-Tenant Environment

An adversary obtains unauthorized information due to insecure or incomplete data deletion in a multi-tenant environment. If a cloud provider fails to completely delete storage and data from former cloud tenants' systems/resources, once these resources are allocated to new, potentially malicious tenants, the latter can probe the provided resources for sensitive information still there.

CAPEC-550: Install New Service

When an operating system starts, it also starts programs called services or daemons. Adversaries may install a new service which will be executed at startup (on a Windows system, by modifying the registry). The service name may be disguised by using a name from a related operating system or benign software. Services are usually run with elevated privileges.

CAPEC-551: Modify Existing Service

When an operating system starts, it also starts programs called services or daemons. Modifying existing services may break existing services or may enable services that are disabled/not commonly used.

CAPEC-552: Install Rootkit

An adversary exploits a weakness in authentication to install malware that alters the functionality and information provide by targeted operating system API calls. Often referred to as rootkits, it is often used to hide the presence of programs, files, network connections, services, drivers, and other system components.

CAPEC-556: Replace File Extension Handlers

When a file is opened, its file handler is checked to determine which program opens the file. File handlers are configuration properties of many operating systems. Applications can modify the file handler for a given file extension to call an arbitrary program when a file with the given extension is opened.

CAPEC-558: Replace Trusted Executable

An adversary exploits weaknesses in privilege management or access control to replace a trusted executable with a malicious version and enable the execution of malware when that trusted executable is called.

CAPEC-562: Modify Shared File

An adversary manipulates the files in a shared location by adding malicious programs, scripts, or exploit code to valid content. Once a user opens the shared content, the tainted content is executed.

CAPEC-563: Add Malicious File to Shared Webroot

An adversaries may add malicious content to a website through the open file share and then browse to that content with a web browser to cause the server to execute the content. The malicious content will typically run under the context and permissions of the web server process, often resulting in local system or administrative privileges depending on how the web server is configured.

CAPEC-564: Run Software at Logon

Operating system allows logon scripts to be run whenever a specific user or users logon to a system. If adversaries can access these scripts, they may insert additional code into the logon script. This code can allow them to maintain persistence or move laterally within an enclave because it is executed every time the affected user or users logon to a computer. Modifying logon scripts can effectively bypass workstation and enclave firewalls. Depending on the access configuration of the logon scripts, either local credentials or a remote administrative account may be necessary.

CAPEC-578: Disable Security Software

An adversary exploits a weakness in access control to disable security tools so that detection does not occur. This can take the form of killing processes, deleting registry keys so that tools do not start at run time, deleting log files, or other methods.