CWE-284
DiscouragedImproper Access Control
Abstraction: Pillar · Status: Incomplete
The product does not restrict or incorrectly restricts access to a resource from an unauthorized actor.
8156 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-H6FJ-5J3M-PJGV
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-06-15 00:00 – Updated: 2024-07-09 12:30A vulnerability has been identified in SINEMA Remote Connect Server (All versions < V3.1). The affected application consists of a web service that lacks proper access control for some of the endpoints. This could lead to low privileged users accessing privileged information.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-32256"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-06-14T10:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A vulnerability has been identified in SINEMA Remote Connect Server (All versions \u003c V3.1). The affected application consists of a web service that lacks proper access control for some of the endpoints. This could lead to low privileged users accessing privileged information.",
"id": "GHSA-h6fj-5j3m-pjgv",
"modified": "2024-07-09T12:30:55Z",
"published": "2022-06-15T00:00:29Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-32256"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-484086.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/pdf/ssa-484086.pdf"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-H6GR-JJ23-GHXV
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-08-28 21:31 – Updated: 2025-08-28 21:31Incorrect access control in the endpoint /goform/ate of Tenda AC10 v4.0 firmware v16.03.10.09_multi_TDE01 allows attackers to escalate privileges or access sensitive components via a crafted request.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-57219"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-08-28T19:15:33Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Incorrect access control in the endpoint /goform/ate of Tenda AC10 v4.0 firmware v16.03.10.09_multi_TDE01 allows attackers to escalate privileges or access sensitive components via a crafted request.",
"id": "GHSA-h6gr-jj23-ghxv",
"modified": "2025-08-28T21:31:25Z",
"published": "2025-08-28T21:31:25Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-57219"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plaid-knot-11b.notion.site/Unauthenticated-Remote-Access-to-ate-Debug-Interface-via-Improper-Access-Controls-in-Tenda-AC10-V4-23fb3e9cce328050a479e44a8c217a72?source=copy_link"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-H6H4-HWJ4-6RV9
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 00:00 – Updated: 2022-05-24 00:00A privilege escalation vulnerability exists in the router configuration import functionality of InHand Networks InRouter302 V3.5.4. A specially-crafted HTTP request can lead to increased privileges. An attacker can send an HTTP request to trigger this vulnerability.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-21182"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-269",
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-05-12T17:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A privilege escalation vulnerability exists in the router configuration import functionality of InHand Networks InRouter302 V3.5.4. A specially-crafted HTTP request can lead to increased privileges. An attacker can send an HTTP request to trigger this vulnerability.",
"id": "GHSA-h6h4-hwj4-6rv9",
"modified": "2022-05-24T00:00:25Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T00:00:48Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-21182"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2022-1472"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.inhandnetworks.com/upload/attachment/202205/10/InHand-PSA-2022-01.pdf"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-H6H5-6FMQ-RH28
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-03-24 00:12 – Updated: 2022-03-24 00:12Impact
All unpatched versions of Argo CD starting with v1.5.0 are vulnerable to a path traversal vulnerability allowing a malicious user with read/write access to leak sensitive files from Argo CD's repo-server.
A malicious Argo CD user who has been granted create or update access to Applications can leak the contents of any text file on the repo-server. By crafting a malicious Helm chart and using it in an Application, the attacker can retrieve the sensitive file's contents either as part of the generated manifests or in an error message. The attacker would have to know or guess the location of the target file.
Sensitive files which could be leaked include files from other Application's source repositories (potentially decrypted files, if you are using a decryption plugin) or any secrets which have been mounted as files on the repo-server.
Patches
A patch for this vulnerability has been released in the following Argo CD versions:
- v2.3.0
- v2.2.6
- v2.1.11
Workarounds
The only certain way to avoid the vulnerability is to upgrade.
To mitigate the problem, you can
* avoid storing secrets in git
* avoid mounting secrets as files on the repo-server
* avoid decrypting secrets into files on the repo-server
* carefully limit who can create or update Applications
References
For more information
Open an issue in the Argo CD issue tracker or discussions Join us on Slack in channel #argo-cd
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Go",
"name": "github.com/argoproj/argo-cd"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "1.5.0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.1.11"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Go",
"name": "github.com/argoproj/argo-cd"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "2.2.0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.2.6"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Go",
"name": "github.com/argoproj/argo-cd"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "2.3.0-rc1"
},
{
"fixed": "2.3.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-24731"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-209",
"CWE-22",
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2022-03-24T00:12:46Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2022-03-23T21:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "### Impact\n\nAll unpatched versions of Argo CD starting with v1.5.0 are vulnerable to a path traversal vulnerability allowing a malicious user with read/write access to leak sensitive files from Argo CD\u0027s repo-server.\n\nA malicious Argo CD user who has been granted [`create` or `update` access to Applications](https://argo-cd.readthedocs.io/en/stable/operator-manual/rbac/#rbac-resources-and-actions) can leak the contents of any text file on the repo-server. By crafting a malicious Helm chart and using it in an Application, the attacker can retrieve the sensitive file\u0027s contents either as part of the generated manifests or in an error message. The attacker would have to know or guess the location of the target file.\n\nSensitive files which could be leaked include files from other Application\u0027s source repositories (potentially decrypted files, if you are using a decryption plugin) or any secrets which have been mounted as files on the repo-server.\n\n### Patches\n\nA patch for this vulnerability has been released in the following Argo CD versions:\n\n* v2.3.0\n* v2.2.6\n* v2.1.11\n\n### Workarounds\n\nThe only certain way to avoid the vulnerability is to upgrade. \n\nTo mitigate the problem, you can \n* avoid storing secrets in git\n* avoid mounting secrets as files on the repo-server\n* avoid decrypting secrets into files on the repo-server\n* carefully [limit who can `create` or `update` Applications](https://argo-cd.readthedocs.io/en/stable/operator-manual/rbac/#rbac-resources-and-actions)\n\n### References\n\n* [Security documentation for the repo-server component](https://argo-cd.readthedocs.io/en/stable/operator-manual/security/#git-helm-repositories)\n* [Argo CD RBAC configuration documentation](https://argo-cd.readthedocs.io/en/stable/operator-manual/rbac/#)\n\n### For more information\n\nOpen an issue in [the Argo CD issue tracker](https://github.com/argoproj/argo-cd/issues) or [discussions](https://github.com/argoproj/argo-cd/discussions)\nJoin us on [Slack](https://argoproj.github.io/community/join-slack) in channel #argo-cd\n",
"id": "GHSA-h6h5-6fmq-rh28",
"modified": "2022-03-24T00:12:46Z",
"published": "2022-03-24T00:12:46Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/argoproj/argo-cd/security/advisories/GHSA-h6h5-6fmq-rh28"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-24731"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/argoproj/argo-cd"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Path traversal allows leaking out-of-bound files from Argo CD repo-server"
}
GHSA-H6HM-V4GG-9CGP
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-05-13 00:31 – Updated: 2025-05-14 18:30This issue was addressed by restricting options offered on a locked device. This issue is fixed in iOS 18.4 and iPadOS 18.4. An attacker may be able to use Siri to enable Auto-Answer Calls.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-30436"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-05-12T22:15:20Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "This issue was addressed by restricting options offered on a locked device. This issue is fixed in iOS 18.4 and iPadOS 18.4. An attacker may be able to use Siri to enable Auto-Answer Calls.",
"id": "GHSA-h6hm-v4gg-9cgp",
"modified": "2025-05-14T18:30:45Z",
"published": "2025-05-13T00:31:12Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-30436"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/122371"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-H6MJ-25X2-R575
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 00:49 – Updated: 2022-05-17 00:49Adobe Flash Player before 13.0.0.302 and 14.x through 18.x before 18.0.0.203 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.481 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 18.0.0.180, Adobe AIR SDK before 18.0.0.180, and Adobe AIR SDK & Compiler before 18.0.0.180 allow attackers to bypass intended access restrictions and obtain sensitive information via unspecified vectors.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2015-3114"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2015-07-09T16:59:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Adobe Flash Player before 13.0.0.302 and 14.x through 18.x before 18.0.0.203 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.481 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 18.0.0.180, Adobe AIR SDK before 18.0.0.180, and Adobe AIR SDK \u0026 Compiler before 18.0.0.180 allow attackers to bypass intended access restrictions and obtain sensitive information via unspecified vectors.",
"id": "GHSA-h6mj-25x2-r575",
"modified": "2022-05-17T00:49:48Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T00:49:47Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2015-3114"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/flash-player/apsb15-16.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/201507-13"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2015-07/msg00017.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2015-07/msg00018.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2015-1214.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/75593"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1032810"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-H6P9-HRM2-C3JC
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-01-10 18:30 – Updated: 2026-04-08 18:32The Royal Elementor Addons plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to insufficient access control in the 'wpr_reset_previous_import' AJAX action in versions up to, and including, 1.3.59. This allows any authenticated user, including those with subscriber-level permissions, to reset previously imported data.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-4703"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-01-10T17:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "The Royal Elementor Addons plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to insufficient access control in the \u0027wpr_reset_previous_import\u0027 AJAX action in versions up to, and including, 1.3.59. This allows any authenticated user, including those with subscriber-level permissions, to reset previously imported data.",
"id": "GHSA-h6p9-hrm2-c3jc",
"modified": "2026-04-08T18:32:00Z",
"published": "2023-01-10T18:30:27Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-4703"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/royal-elementor-addons/trunk/admin/templates-kit.php?rev=2833046"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.wordfence.com/blog/2023/01/eleven-vulnerabilities-patched-in-royal-elementor-addons"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/62a5c796-1c14-4cb1-9f21-340b40e418df"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/62a5c796-1c14-4cb1-9f21-340b40e418df?source=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-H6R5-HPJ5-W3RF
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-22 00:32 – Updated: 2026-07-22 00:32Vulnerability in the Oracle Advanced Benefits product of Oracle E-Business Suite (component: Internal Operations). The supported version that is affected is 12.2.15. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows high privileged attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise Oracle Advanced Benefits. While the vulnerability is in Oracle Advanced Benefits, attacks may significantly impact additional products (scope change). Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized access to critical data or complete access to all Oracle Advanced Benefits accessible data as well as unauthorized update, insert or delete access to some of Oracle Advanced Benefits accessible data. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 7.6 (Confidentiality and Integrity impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:L/A:N).
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-61325"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-07-21T22:19:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Vulnerability in the Oracle Advanced Benefits product of Oracle E-Business Suite (component: Internal Operations). The supported version that is affected is 12.2.15. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows high privileged attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise Oracle Advanced Benefits. While the vulnerability is in Oracle Advanced Benefits, attacks may significantly impact additional products (scope change). Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized access to critical data or complete access to all Oracle Advanced Benefits accessible data as well as unauthorized update, insert or delete access to some of Oracle Advanced Benefits accessible data. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 7.6 (Confidentiality and Integrity impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:L/A:N).",
"id": "GHSA-h6r5-hpj5-w3rf",
"modified": "2026-07-22T00:32:29Z",
"published": "2026-07-22T00:32:29Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-61325"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujul2026.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-H6RP-9MJF-6X88
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-12 15:31 – Updated: 2026-05-12 15:31Attacker can use the IMAP SETACL command to inject the anyone permission to user's dovecot-acl file even if imap_acl_allow_anyone=no. This causes folders to be spammed to all users. The impact is limited to being able to spam folders to other users, no unexpected access is gained. Install to fixed version. No publicly available exploits are known.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-40020"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-05-12T14:17:03Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "Attacker can use the IMAP SETACL command to inject the anyone permission to user\u0027s dovecot-acl file even if imap_acl_allow_anyone=no. This causes folders to be spammed to all users. The impact is limited to being able to spam folders to other users, no unexpected access is gained. Install to fixed version. No publicly available exploits are known.",
"id": "GHSA-h6rp-9mjf-6x88",
"modified": "2026-05-12T15:31:40Z",
"published": "2026-05-12T15:31:40Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-40020"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://documentation.open-xchange.com/dovecot/security/advisories/csaf/2026/oxdc-adv-2026-0002.json"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-H6VM-3GJM-RW54
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-01-07 18:30 – Updated: 2025-01-08 15:31Improper Access Controls allows access to protected views.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-40749"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-01-07T17:15:23Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Improper Access Controls allows access to protected views.",
"id": "GHSA-h6vm-3gjm-rw54",
"modified": "2025-01-08T15:31:09Z",
"published": "2025-01-07T18:30:52Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-40749"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://developer.joomla.org/security-centre/956-20250103-core-read-acl-violation-in-multiple-core-views.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-1
Very carefully manage the setting, management, and handling of privileges. Explicitly manage trust zones in the software.
Mitigation MIT-46
Strategy: Separation of Privilege
- Compartmentalize the system to have "safe" areas where trust boundaries can be unambiguously drawn. Do not allow sensitive data to go outside of the trust boundary and always be careful when interfacing with a compartment outside of the safe area.
- Ensure that appropriate compartmentalization is built into the system design, and the compartmentalization allows for and reinforces privilege separation functionality. Architects and designers should rely on the principle of least privilege to decide the appropriate time to use privileges and the time to drop privileges.
CAPEC-19: Embedding Scripts within Scripts
An adversary leverages the capability to execute their own script by embedding it within other scripts that the target software is likely to execute due to programs' vulnerabilities that are brought on by allowing remote hosts to execute scripts.
CAPEC-441: Malicious Logic Insertion
An adversary installs or adds malicious logic (also known as malware) into a seemingly benign component of a fielded system. This logic is often hidden from the user of the system and works behind the scenes to achieve negative impacts. With the proliferation of mass digital storage and inexpensive multimedia devices, Bluetooth and 802.11 support, new attack vectors for spreading malware are emerging for things we once thought of as innocuous greeting cards, picture frames, or digital projectors. This pattern of attack focuses on systems already fielded and used in operation as opposed to systems and their components that are still under development and part of the supply chain.
CAPEC-478: Modification of Windows Service Configuration
An adversary exploits a weakness in access control to modify the execution parameters of a Windows service. The goal of this attack is to execute a malicious binary in place of an existing service.
CAPEC-479: Malicious Root Certificate
An adversary exploits a weakness in authorization and installs a new root certificate on a compromised system. Certificates are commonly used for establishing secure TLS/SSL communications within a web browser. When a user attempts to browse a website that presents a certificate that is not trusted an error message will be displayed to warn the user of the security risk. Depending on the security settings, the browser may not allow the user to establish a connection to the website. Adversaries have used this technique to avoid security warnings prompting users when compromised systems connect over HTTPS to adversary controlled web servers that spoof legitimate websites in order to collect login credentials.
CAPEC-502: Intent Spoof
An adversary, through a previously installed malicious application, issues an intent directed toward a specific trusted application's component in an attempt to achieve a variety of different objectives including modification of data, information disclosure, and data injection. Components that have been unintentionally exported and made public are subject to this type of an attack. If the component trusts the intent's action without verififcation, then the target application performs the functionality at the adversary's request, helping the adversary achieve the desired negative technical impact.
CAPEC-503: WebView Exposure
An adversary, through a malicious web page, accesses application specific functionality by leveraging interfaces registered through WebView's addJavascriptInterface API. Once an interface is registered to WebView through addJavascriptInterface, it becomes global and all pages loaded in the WebView can call this interface.
CAPEC-536: Data Injected During Configuration
An attacker with access to data files and processes on a victim's system injects malicious data into critical operational data during configuration or recalibration, causing the victim's system to perform in a suboptimal manner that benefits the adversary.
CAPEC-546: Incomplete Data Deletion in a Multi-Tenant Environment
An adversary obtains unauthorized information due to insecure or incomplete data deletion in a multi-tenant environment. If a cloud provider fails to completely delete storage and data from former cloud tenants' systems/resources, once these resources are allocated to new, potentially malicious tenants, the latter can probe the provided resources for sensitive information still there.
CAPEC-550: Install New Service
When an operating system starts, it also starts programs called services or daemons. Adversaries may install a new service which will be executed at startup (on a Windows system, by modifying the registry). The service name may be disguised by using a name from a related operating system or benign software. Services are usually run with elevated privileges.
CAPEC-551: Modify Existing Service
When an operating system starts, it also starts programs called services or daemons. Modifying existing services may break existing services or may enable services that are disabled/not commonly used.
CAPEC-552: Install Rootkit
An adversary exploits a weakness in authentication to install malware that alters the functionality and information provide by targeted operating system API calls. Often referred to as rootkits, it is often used to hide the presence of programs, files, network connections, services, drivers, and other system components.
CAPEC-556: Replace File Extension Handlers
When a file is opened, its file handler is checked to determine which program opens the file. File handlers are configuration properties of many operating systems. Applications can modify the file handler for a given file extension to call an arbitrary program when a file with the given extension is opened.
CAPEC-558: Replace Trusted Executable
An adversary exploits weaknesses in privilege management or access control to replace a trusted executable with a malicious version and enable the execution of malware when that trusted executable is called.
CAPEC-562: Modify Shared File
An adversary manipulates the files in a shared location by adding malicious programs, scripts, or exploit code to valid content. Once a user opens the shared content, the tainted content is executed.
CAPEC-563: Add Malicious File to Shared Webroot
An adversaries may add malicious content to a website through the open file share and then browse to that content with a web browser to cause the server to execute the content. The malicious content will typically run under the context and permissions of the web server process, often resulting in local system or administrative privileges depending on how the web server is configured.
CAPEC-564: Run Software at Logon
Operating system allows logon scripts to be run whenever a specific user or users logon to a system. If adversaries can access these scripts, they may insert additional code into the logon script. This code can allow them to maintain persistence or move laterally within an enclave because it is executed every time the affected user or users logon to a computer. Modifying logon scripts can effectively bypass workstation and enclave firewalls. Depending on the access configuration of the logon scripts, either local credentials or a remote administrative account may be necessary.
CAPEC-578: Disable Security Software
An adversary exploits a weakness in access control to disable security tools so that detection does not occur. This can take the form of killing processes, deleting registry keys so that tools do not start at run time, deleting log files, or other methods.