CWE-284
DiscouragedImproper Access Control
Abstraction: Pillar · Status: Incomplete
The product does not restrict or incorrectly restricts access to a resource from an unauthorized actor.
8432 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-FHJM-G79R-VV57
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-22 00:31 – Updated: 2026-07-22 00:31Vulnerability in the Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition product of Oracle Java SE (component: ImageIO). Supported versions that are affected are Oracle Java SE: 8u491, 8u491-perf, 11.0.31, 17.0.19, 21.0.11, 25.0.3, 26.0.1; Oracle GraalVM for JDK: 17.0.19 and 21.0.11; Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition: 21.3.18. Difficult to exploit vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via multiple protocols to compromise Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized update, insert or delete access to some of Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition accessible data. Note: This vulnerability can be exploited by using APIs in the specified Component, e.g., through a web service which supplies data to the APIs. This vulnerability also applies to Java deployments, typically in clients running sandboxed Java Web Start applications or sandboxed Java applets, that load and run untrusted code (e.g., code that comes from the internet) and rely on the Java sandbox for security. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 3.7 (Integrity impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N).
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-47010"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-07-21T22:17:06Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "Vulnerability in the Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition product of Oracle Java SE (component: ImageIO). Supported versions that are affected are Oracle Java SE: 8u491, 8u491-perf, 11.0.31, 17.0.19, 21.0.11, 25.0.3, 26.0.1; Oracle GraalVM for JDK: 17.0.19 and 21.0.11; Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition: 21.3.18. Difficult to exploit vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via multiple protocols to compromise Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized update, insert or delete access to some of Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition accessible data. Note: This vulnerability can be exploited by using APIs in the specified Component, e.g., through a web service which supplies data to the APIs. This vulnerability also applies to Java deployments, typically in clients running sandboxed Java Web Start applications or sandboxed Java applets, that load and run untrusted code (e.g., code that comes from the internet) and rely on the Java sandbox for security. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 3.7 (Integrity impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N).",
"id": "GHSA-fhjm-g79r-vv57",
"modified": "2026-07-22T00:31:14Z",
"published": "2026-07-22T00:31:14Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-47010"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujul2026.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-FHM8-CXCV-PWVC
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:22 – Updated: 2023-09-28 20:29HashiCorp Consul (and Consul Enterprise) 1.4.x before 1.4.3 allows a client to bypass intended access restrictions and obtain the privileges of one other arbitrary token within secondary datacenters, because a token with literally "" as its secret is used in unusual circumstances.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Go",
"name": "github.com/hashicorp/consul"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "1.4.0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.4.3"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-8336"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2023-07-19T18:40:12Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2019-03-05T23:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "HashiCorp Consul (and Consul Enterprise) 1.4.x before 1.4.3 allows a client to bypass intended access restrictions and obtain the privileges of one other arbitrary token within secondary datacenters, because a token with literally \"\u003chidden\u003e\" as its secret is used in unusual circumstances.",
"id": "GHSA-fhm8-cxcv-pwvc",
"modified": "2023-09-28T20:29:24Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:22:55Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-8336"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/hashicorp/consul/issues/5423"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/hashicorp/consul/commit/90040f8bffb311e6cd8599273e95b607175e311f"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/hashicorp/consul"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/hashicorp/consul/blob/003370ded024096cd89fb2aa2bc15293c23b9707/agent/consul/leader.go#L405"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "HashiCorp Consul Access Restriction Bypass"
}
GHSA-FHM9-W695-4VH7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-10-30 18:31 – Updated: 2025-10-30 21:30Senza: Keto & Fasting Android App version 2.10.15 (package name com.gl.senza), developed by Paul Itoi, contains an improper access control vulnerability. By exploiting insufficient checks in user data API endpoints, attackers can obtain authentication tokens and perform account takeover. Successful exploitation could result in unauthorized account access, privacy breaches, and misuse of the platform.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-61117"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-10-30T16:15:36Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Senza: Keto \u0026 Fasting Android App version 2.10.15 (package name com.gl.senza), developed by Paul Itoi, contains an improper access control vulnerability. By exploiting insufficient checks in user data API endpoints, attackers can obtain authentication tokens and perform account takeover. Successful exploitation could result in unauthorized account access, privacy breaches, and misuse of the platform.",
"id": "GHSA-fhm9-w695-4vh7",
"modified": "2025-10-30T21:30:45Z",
"published": "2025-10-30T18:31:09Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-61117"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://kar1oz.notion.site/Senza-Keto-Fasting-2629a473ecb28079bce0dab884d912a2"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-FHMX-CQXP-J8F6
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-12-05 03:30 – Updated: 2023-12-05 03:30Memory corruption in Automotive OS whenever untrusted apps try to access HAb for graphics functionalities.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-33071"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284",
"CWE-863"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-12-05T03:15:12Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Memory corruption in Automotive OS whenever untrusted apps try to access HAb for graphics functionalities.",
"id": "GHSA-fhmx-cqxp-j8f6",
"modified": "2023-12-05T03:30:22Z",
"published": "2023-12-05T03:30:22Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-33071"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.qualcomm.com/company/product-security/bulletins/december-2023-bulletin"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-FHQ3-P242-2QPF
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-03 21:31 – Updated: 2026-07-07 18:30Gitea versions before 1.25.5 have insufficient permission checks when listing tracked time entries.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-20909"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-07-03T21:16:56Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Gitea versions before 1.25.5 have insufficient permission checks when listing tracked time entries.",
"id": "GHSA-fhq3-p242-2qpf",
"modified": "2026-07-07T18:30:33Z",
"published": "2026-07-03T21:31:37Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-20909"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/pull/36662"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/pull/36744"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://blog.gitea.com/release-of-1.25.5"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/releases/tag/v1.25.5"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-FHQM-W73X-978P
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-18 18:31 – Updated: 2026-05-19 15:31Incorrect access control in the /uci/get/ endpoint of NOVUS AirGate 4G firmware v1.1.16 allows unauthenticated attackers to obtain administrator credentials via a crafted POST request.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-24215"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-05-18T18:17:20Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Incorrect access control in the /uci/get/ endpoint of NOVUS AirGate 4G firmware v1.1.16 allows unauthenticated attackers to obtain administrator credentials via a crafted POST request.",
"id": "GHSA-fhqm-w73x-978p",
"modified": "2026-05-19T15:31:23Z",
"published": "2026-05-18T18:31:30Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-24215"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/sql3t0/cve-disclosures/blob/main/00_-_CVE-2023-24215.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://airgate.com"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://novus.com"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-FHX9-G9RQ-H389
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-11-11 18:30 – Updated: 2025-11-11 18:30Improper access control in Microsoft Configuration Manager allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-47179"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-11-11T18:15:35Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Improper access control in Microsoft Configuration Manager allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.",
"id": "GHSA-fhx9-g9rq-h389",
"modified": "2025-11-11T18:30:20Z",
"published": "2025-11-11T18:30:20Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-47179"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-47179"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-FJ32-6V7M-57PG
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:14 – Updated: 2022-06-27 14:25A permission issue was found in Elasticsearch versions before 5.6.15 and 6.6.1 when Field Level Security and Document Level Security are disabled and the _aliases, _shrink, or _split endpoints are used . If the elasticsearch.yml file has xpack.security.dls_fls.enabled set to false, certain permission checks are skipped when users perform one of the actions mentioned above, to make existing data available under a new index/alias name. This could result in an attacker gaining additional permissions against a restricted index.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "org.elasticsearch:elasticsearch"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "5.6.15"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "org.elasticsearch:elasticsearch"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "6.0.0"
},
{
"fixed": "6.6.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-7611"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2022-06-27T14:25:21Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2019-03-25T19:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A permission issue was found in Elasticsearch versions before 5.6.15 and 6.6.1 when Field Level Security and Document Level Security are disabled and the _aliases, _shrink, or _split endpoints are used . If the elasticsearch.yml file has xpack.security.dls_fls.enabled set to false, certain permission checks are skipped when users perform one of the actions mentioned above, to make existing data available under a new index/alias name. This could result in an attacker gaining additional permissions against a restricted index.",
"id": "GHSA-fj32-6v7m-57pg",
"modified": "2022-06-27T14:25:21Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:14:26Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-7611"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://discuss.elastic.co/t/elastic-stack-6-6-1-and-5-6-15-security-update/169077"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/elastic/elasticsearch"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.elastic.co/community/security"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Improper Access Control in Elasticsearch"
}
GHSA-FJ35-M94R-9H4C
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:17 – Updated: 2022-07-28 22:05MISP MISP-maltego 1.4.4 incorrectly shares a MISP connection across users in a remote-transform use case. Version 1.4.5 contains a patch.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "MISP-maltego"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.4.5"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-12889"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2022-07-28T22:05:27Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2020-05-15T18:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "MISP MISP-maltego 1.4.4 incorrectly shares a MISP connection across users in a remote-transform use case. Version 1.4.5 contains a patch.",
"id": "GHSA-fj35-m94r-9h4c",
"modified": "2022-07-28T22:05:27Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:17:59Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-12889"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/MISP/MISP-maltego/commit/3ccde66dab4096ab5663e69f352992cc73e1160b"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/MISP/MISP-maltego"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-fj35-m94r-9h4c"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/misp-maltego/PYSEC-2020-66.yaml"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Maltego incorrectly shares a MISP connection across users in a remote-transform use case"
}
GHSA-FJ37-2JC7-8P2G
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-22 00:32 – Updated: 2026-07-22 00:32Vulnerability in the Oracle HRMS (US) product of Oracle E-Business Suite (component: Internal Operations). Supported versions that are affected are 12.2.9-12.2.15. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows low privileged attacker with logon to the infrastructure where Oracle HRMS (US) executes to compromise Oracle HRMS (US). Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized ability to cause a hang or frequently repeatable crash (complete DOS) of Oracle HRMS (US) as well as unauthorized update, insert or delete access to some of Oracle HRMS (US) accessible data and unauthorized read access to a subset of Oracle HRMS (US) accessible data. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 6.6 (Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:H).
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-62465"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-07-21T22:19:02Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Vulnerability in the Oracle HRMS (US) product of Oracle E-Business Suite (component: Internal Operations). Supported versions that are affected are 12.2.9-12.2.15. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows low privileged attacker with logon to the infrastructure where Oracle HRMS (US) executes to compromise Oracle HRMS (US). Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized ability to cause a hang or frequently repeatable crash (complete DOS) of Oracle HRMS (US) as well as unauthorized update, insert or delete access to some of Oracle HRMS (US) accessible data and unauthorized read access to a subset of Oracle HRMS (US) accessible data. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 6.6 (Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:H).",
"id": "GHSA-fj37-2jc7-8p2g",
"modified": "2026-07-22T00:32:30Z",
"published": "2026-07-22T00:32:30Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-62465"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujul2026.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-1
Very carefully manage the setting, management, and handling of privileges. Explicitly manage trust zones in the software.
Mitigation MIT-46
Strategy: Separation of Privilege
- Compartmentalize the system to have "safe" areas where trust boundaries can be unambiguously drawn. Do not allow sensitive data to go outside of the trust boundary and always be careful when interfacing with a compartment outside of the safe area.
- Ensure that appropriate compartmentalization is built into the system design, and the compartmentalization allows for and reinforces privilege separation functionality. Architects and designers should rely on the principle of least privilege to decide the appropriate time to use privileges and the time to drop privileges.
CAPEC-19: Embedding Scripts within Scripts
An adversary leverages the capability to execute their own script by embedding it within other scripts that the target software is likely to execute due to programs' vulnerabilities that are brought on by allowing remote hosts to execute scripts.
CAPEC-441: Malicious Logic Insertion
An adversary installs or adds malicious logic (also known as malware) into a seemingly benign component of a fielded system. This logic is often hidden from the user of the system and works behind the scenes to achieve negative impacts. With the proliferation of mass digital storage and inexpensive multimedia devices, Bluetooth and 802.11 support, new attack vectors for spreading malware are emerging for things we once thought of as innocuous greeting cards, picture frames, or digital projectors. This pattern of attack focuses on systems already fielded and used in operation as opposed to systems and their components that are still under development and part of the supply chain.
CAPEC-478: Modification of Windows Service Configuration
An adversary exploits a weakness in access control to modify the execution parameters of a Windows service. The goal of this attack is to execute a malicious binary in place of an existing service.
CAPEC-479: Malicious Root Certificate
An adversary exploits a weakness in authorization and installs a new root certificate on a compromised system. Certificates are commonly used for establishing secure TLS/SSL communications within a web browser. When a user attempts to browse a website that presents a certificate that is not trusted an error message will be displayed to warn the user of the security risk. Depending on the security settings, the browser may not allow the user to establish a connection to the website. Adversaries have used this technique to avoid security warnings prompting users when compromised systems connect over HTTPS to adversary controlled web servers that spoof legitimate websites in order to collect login credentials.
CAPEC-502: Intent Spoof
An adversary, through a previously installed malicious application, issues an intent directed toward a specific trusted application's component in an attempt to achieve a variety of different objectives including modification of data, information disclosure, and data injection. Components that have been unintentionally exported and made public are subject to this type of an attack. If the component trusts the intent's action without verififcation, then the target application performs the functionality at the adversary's request, helping the adversary achieve the desired negative technical impact.
CAPEC-503: WebView Exposure
An adversary, through a malicious web page, accesses application specific functionality by leveraging interfaces registered through WebView's addJavascriptInterface API. Once an interface is registered to WebView through addJavascriptInterface, it becomes global and all pages loaded in the WebView can call this interface.
CAPEC-536: Data Injected During Configuration
An attacker with access to data files and processes on a victim's system injects malicious data into critical operational data during configuration or recalibration, causing the victim's system to perform in a suboptimal manner that benefits the adversary.
CAPEC-546: Incomplete Data Deletion in a Multi-Tenant Environment
An adversary obtains unauthorized information due to insecure or incomplete data deletion in a multi-tenant environment. If a cloud provider fails to completely delete storage and data from former cloud tenants' systems/resources, once these resources are allocated to new, potentially malicious tenants, the latter can probe the provided resources for sensitive information still there.
CAPEC-550: Install New Service
When an operating system starts, it also starts programs called services or daemons. Adversaries may install a new service which will be executed at startup (on a Windows system, by modifying the registry). The service name may be disguised by using a name from a related operating system or benign software. Services are usually run with elevated privileges.
CAPEC-551: Modify Existing Service
When an operating system starts, it also starts programs called services or daemons. Modifying existing services may break existing services or may enable services that are disabled/not commonly used.
CAPEC-552: Install Rootkit
An adversary exploits a weakness in authentication to install malware that alters the functionality and information provide by targeted operating system API calls. Often referred to as rootkits, it is often used to hide the presence of programs, files, network connections, services, drivers, and other system components.
CAPEC-556: Replace File Extension Handlers
When a file is opened, its file handler is checked to determine which program opens the file. File handlers are configuration properties of many operating systems. Applications can modify the file handler for a given file extension to call an arbitrary program when a file with the given extension is opened.
CAPEC-558: Replace Trusted Executable
An adversary exploits weaknesses in privilege management or access control to replace a trusted executable with a malicious version and enable the execution of malware when that trusted executable is called.
CAPEC-562: Modify Shared File
An adversary manipulates the files in a shared location by adding malicious programs, scripts, or exploit code to valid content. Once a user opens the shared content, the tainted content is executed.
CAPEC-563: Add Malicious File to Shared Webroot
An adversaries may add malicious content to a website through the open file share and then browse to that content with a web browser to cause the server to execute the content. The malicious content will typically run under the context and permissions of the web server process, often resulting in local system or administrative privileges depending on how the web server is configured.
CAPEC-564: Run Software at Logon
Operating system allows logon scripts to be run whenever a specific user or users logon to a system. If adversaries can access these scripts, they may insert additional code into the logon script. This code can allow them to maintain persistence or move laterally within an enclave because it is executed every time the affected user or users logon to a computer. Modifying logon scripts can effectively bypass workstation and enclave firewalls. Depending on the access configuration of the logon scripts, either local credentials or a remote administrative account may be necessary.
CAPEC-578: Disable Security Software
An adversary exploits a weakness in access control to disable security tools so that detection does not occur. This can take the form of killing processes, deleting registry keys so that tools do not start at run time, deleting log files, or other methods.