CWE-284
DiscouragedImproper Access Control
Abstraction: Pillar · Status: Incomplete
The product does not restrict or incorrectly restricts access to a resource from an unauthorized actor.
7802 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-5F74-CM8J-HPF8
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-07 18:31 – Updated: 2026-04-07 18:31A native messaging host vulnerability in Pega Browser Extension (PBE) affects users of all versions of Pega Robotic Automation who have installed Pega Browser Extension. A bad actor could create a website that contains malicious code that targets PBE. The vulnerability could occur if a user navigates to this website. The malicious website could then present an unexpected message box.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-1079"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-04-07T16:16:23Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A native messaging host vulnerability in Pega Browser Extension (PBE) affects users of all versions of Pega Robotic Automation who have installed Pega Browser Extension. A bad actor could create a website that contains malicious code that targets PBE. The vulnerability could occur if a user navigates to this website. The malicious website could then present an unexpected message box.",
"id": "GHSA-5f74-cm8j-hpf8",
"modified": "2026-04-07T18:31:36Z",
"published": "2026-04-07T18:31:36Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-1079"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.pega.com/support-doc/pega-security-advisory-a26-vulnerability-remediation-note"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:L/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-5F7F-RFRW-976Q
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-06-05 06:30 – Updated: 2023-06-05 06:30A vulnerability was found in KylinSoft kylin-software-properties on KylinOS. It has been declared as critical. This vulnerability affects the function changedSource. The manipulation leads to improper access controls. An attack has to be approached locally. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. Upgrading to version 0.0.1-130 is able to address this issue. It is recommended to upgrade the affected component. VDB-230686 is the identifier assigned to this vulnerability. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-3096"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-06-05T06:15:09Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A vulnerability was found in KylinSoft kylin-software-properties on KylinOS. It has been declared as critical. This vulnerability affects the function changedSource. The manipulation leads to improper access controls. An attack has to be approached locally. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. Upgrading to version 0.0.1-130 is able to address this issue. It is recommended to upgrade the affected component. VDB-230686 is the identifier assigned to this vulnerability. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.",
"id": "GHSA-5f7f-rfrw-976q",
"modified": "2023-06-05T06:30:15Z",
"published": "2023-06-05T06:30:15Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-3096"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/i900008/vulndb/blob/main/kylinos_vul1.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.230686"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.230686"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-5F92-JRQ3-28RC
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-11 00:21 – Updated: 2026-03-11 00:21Impact
Parse Server's internal tables, which store Relation field mappings such as role memberships, can be directly accessed via the REST API or GraphQL API by any client using only the application key. No master key is required.
An attacker can create, read, update, or delete records in any internal relationship table. Exploiting this allows the attacker to inject themselves into any Parse Role, gaining all permissions associated with that role, including full read, write, and delete access to classes protected by role-based Class-Level Permissions (CLP). Similarly, writing to any such table that backs a Relation field used in a pointerFields CLP bypasses that access control.
Patches
The fix blocks direct client access to internal relationship tables in Parse Server's role security enforcement. All create, find, get, update, and delete operations on these tables now require the master key or maintenance key.
Workarounds
There is no known workaround.
References
- GitHub security advisory: https://github.com/parse-community/parse-server/security/advisories/GHSA-5f92-jrq3-28rc
- Fix Parse Server 9: https://github.com/parse-community/parse-server/releases/tag/9.5.2-alpha.7
- Fix Parse Server 8: https://github.com/parse-community/parse-server/releases/tag/8.6.20
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "parse-server"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "9.0.0-alpha.1"
},
{
"fixed": "9.5.2-alpha.7"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "parse-server"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "8.6.20"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-30966"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-03-11T00:21:07Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2026-03-10T21:16:48Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "### Impact\n\nParse Server\u0027s internal tables, which store Relation field mappings such as role memberships, can be directly accessed via the REST API or GraphQL API by any client using only the application key. No master key is required.\n\nAn attacker can create, read, update, or delete records in any internal relationship table. Exploiting this allows the attacker to inject themselves into any Parse Role, gaining all permissions associated with that role, including full read, write, and delete access to classes protected by role-based Class-Level Permissions (CLP). Similarly, writing to any such table that backs a Relation field used in a `pointerFields` CLP bypasses that access control.\n\n### Patches\n\nThe fix blocks direct client access to internal relationship tables in Parse Server\u0027s role security enforcement. All create, find, get, update, and delete operations on these tables now require the master key or maintenance key.\n\n### Workarounds\n\nThere is no known workaround.\n\n### References\n\n- GitHub security advisory: https://github.com/parse-community/parse-server/security/advisories/GHSA-5f92-jrq3-28rc\n- Fix Parse Server 9: https://github.com/parse-community/parse-server/releases/tag/9.5.2-alpha.7\n- Fix Parse Server 8: https://github.com/parse-community/parse-server/releases/tag/8.6.20",
"id": "GHSA-5f92-jrq3-28rc",
"modified": "2026-03-11T00:21:07Z",
"published": "2026-03-11T00:21:07Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/parse-community/parse-server/security/advisories/GHSA-5f92-jrq3-28rc"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-30966"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/parse-community/parse-server"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/parse-community/parse-server/releases/tag/8.6.20"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/parse-community/parse-server/releases/tag/9.5.2-alpha.7"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Parse Server has role escalation and CLP bypass via direct `_Join` table write"
}
GHSA-5FH7-7MW7-MMX5
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-04-26 09:30 – Updated: 2024-04-26 19:06Mattermost versions 9.6.0, 9.5.x before 9.5.3, and 8.1.x before 8.1.12 fail to fully validate role changes, which allows an attacker authenticated as a team admin to promote guests to team admins via crafted HTTP requests.
{
"affected": [
{
"database_specific": {
"last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 9.5.2"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Go",
"name": "github.com/mattermost/mattermost-server"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "9.5.0"
},
{
"fixed": "9.5.3"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"database_specific": {
"last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 8.1.11"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Go",
"name": "github.com/mattermost/mattermost-server"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "8.1.0"
},
{
"fixed": "8.1.12"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-4195"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2024-04-26T19:06:43Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2024-04-26T09:15:12Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "Mattermost versions 9.6.0, 9.5.x before 9.5.3, and 8.1.x before 8.1.12 fail to fully validate role changes, which allows an attacker authenticated as a team admin to promote guests to team admins via crafted HTTP requests.\n\n",
"id": "GHSA-5fh7-7mw7-mmx5",
"modified": "2024-04-26T19:06:43Z",
"published": "2024-04-26T09:30:35Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-4195"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/mattermost/mattermost/commit/1e3497e0595bb4f9908c94dd9d4685d48556b7e8"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/mattermost/mattermost/commit/f0872dd4e4ba34f061aa6982a71c7c29532aac2e"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/mattermost/mattermost"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://mattermost.com/security-updates"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Mattermost allows team admins to promote guests to team admins"
}
GHSA-5FJH-X6M8-QW24
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 03:01 – Updated: 2022-05-17 03:01IBM Tivoli Key Lifecycle Manager 2.5 and 2.6 uses an inadequate account lockout setting that could allow a remote attacker to brute force account credentials.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2016-6095"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-02-02T22:59:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "IBM Tivoli Key Lifecycle Manager 2.5 and 2.6 uses an inadequate account lockout setting that could allow a remote attacker to brute force account credentials.",
"id": "GHSA-5fjh-x6m8-qw24",
"modified": "2022-05-17T03:01:32Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T03:01:32Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-6095"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.ibm.com/support/docview.wss?uid=swg21997802"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/95965"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-5FJM-VV45-VV2W
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-08-28 18:31 – Updated: 2024-08-28 21:31An issue in the component EXR!ReadEXR+0x40ef1 of Irfanview v4.67.1.0 allows attackers to cause an access violation via a crafted EXR file. This vulnerability can lead to a Denial of Service (DoS).
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-44913"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-08-28T18:15:09Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "An issue in the component EXR!ReadEXR+0x40ef1 of Irfanview v4.67.1.0 allows attackers to cause an access violation via a crafted EXR file. This vulnerability can lead to a Denial of Service (DoS).",
"id": "GHSA-5fjm-vv45-vv2w",
"modified": "2024-08-28T21:31:28Z",
"published": "2024-08-28T18:31:55Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-44913"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/yuhano/irfanview_Poc"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-5FJX-VVHF-64FF
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-09-05 18:31 – Updated: 2025-09-05 18:31Improper access control in ImsService prior to SMR Sep-2025 Release 1 allows local attackers to use the privileged APIs.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-21031"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-09-03T06:15:46Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Improper access control in ImsService prior to SMR Sep-2025 Release 1 allows local attackers to use the privileged APIs.",
"id": "GHSA-5fjx-vvhf-64ff",
"modified": "2025-09-05T18:31:13Z",
"published": "2025-09-05T18:31:13Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-21031"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.samsungmobile.com/securityUpdate.smsb?year=2025\u0026month=09"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-5FM6-8C62-XW4M
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:33 – Updated: 2022-10-21 19:01Adobe Acrobat Reader DC versions 2020.012.20048 (and earlier), 2020.001.30005 (and earlier) and 2017.011.30175 (and earlier) are affected by a local privilege escalation vulnerability that could enable a user without administrator privileges to delete arbitrary files and potentially execute arbitrary code as SYSTEM. Exploitation of this issue requires an attacker to socially engineer a victim, or the attacker must already have some access to the environment.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-24433"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2020-11-05T20:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Adobe Acrobat Reader DC versions 2020.012.20048 (and earlier), 2020.001.30005 (and earlier) and 2017.011.30175 (and earlier) are affected by a local privilege escalation vulnerability that could enable a user without administrator privileges to delete arbitrary files and potentially execute arbitrary code as SYSTEM. Exploitation of this issue requires an attacker to socially engineer a victim, or the attacker must already have some access to the environment.",
"id": "GHSA-5fm6-8c62-xw4m",
"modified": "2022-10-21T19:01:09Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:33:12Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-24433"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/acrobat/apsb20-67.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-5FPV-GMQ7-MCCW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 01:16 – Updated: 2022-05-17 01:16Aruba Networks ClearPass Policy Manager before 6.4.7 and 6.5.x before 6.5.2 allows remote authenticated lower-level administrators to gain "Super Admin" privileges via unspecified vectors.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2015-3657"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-08-29T15:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Aruba Networks ClearPass Policy Manager before 6.4.7 and 6.5.x before 6.5.2 allows remote authenticated lower-level administrators to gain \"Super Admin\" privileges via unspecified vectors.",
"id": "GHSA-5fpv-gmq7-mccw",
"modified": "2022-05-17T01:16:52Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T01:16:52Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2015-3657"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.arubanetworks.com/assets/alert/ARUBA-PSA-2015-009.txt"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/100600"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-5FRF-W38R-8J6H
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:01 – Updated: 2022-08-06 00:00A vulnerability in the web-based messaging service interface of Cisco SD-WAN vManage Software could allow an unauthenticated, adjacent attacker to bypass authentication and authorization and modify the configuration of an affected system. To exploit this vulnerability, the attacker must be able to access an associated Cisco SD-WAN vEdge device. This vulnerability is due to insufficient authorization checks. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending crafted HTTP requests to the web-based messaging service interface of an affected system. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to gain unauthenticated read and write access to the affected vManage system. With this access, the attacker could access information about the affected vManage system, modify the configuration of the system, or make configuration changes to devices that are managed by the system.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-1284"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-05-06T13:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A vulnerability in the web-based messaging service interface of Cisco SD-WAN vManage Software could allow an unauthenticated, adjacent attacker to bypass authentication and authorization and modify the configuration of an affected system. To exploit this vulnerability, the attacker must be able to access an associated Cisco SD-WAN vEdge device. This vulnerability is due to insufficient authorization checks. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending crafted HTTP requests to the web-based messaging service interface of an affected system. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to gain unauthenticated read and write access to the affected vManage system. With this access, the attacker could access information about the affected vManage system, modify the configuration of the system, or make configuration changes to devices that are managed by the system.",
"id": "GHSA-5frf-w38r-8j6h",
"modified": "2022-08-06T00:00:45Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:01:38Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-1284"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-sdw-auth-bypass-65aYqcS2"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-1
Very carefully manage the setting, management, and handling of privileges. Explicitly manage trust zones in the software.
Mitigation MIT-46
Strategy: Separation of Privilege
- Compartmentalize the system to have "safe" areas where trust boundaries can be unambiguously drawn. Do not allow sensitive data to go outside of the trust boundary and always be careful when interfacing with a compartment outside of the safe area.
- Ensure that appropriate compartmentalization is built into the system design, and the compartmentalization allows for and reinforces privilege separation functionality. Architects and designers should rely on the principle of least privilege to decide the appropriate time to use privileges and the time to drop privileges.
CAPEC-19: Embedding Scripts within Scripts
An adversary leverages the capability to execute their own script by embedding it within other scripts that the target software is likely to execute due to programs' vulnerabilities that are brought on by allowing remote hosts to execute scripts.
CAPEC-441: Malicious Logic Insertion
An adversary installs or adds malicious logic (also known as malware) into a seemingly benign component of a fielded system. This logic is often hidden from the user of the system and works behind the scenes to achieve negative impacts. With the proliferation of mass digital storage and inexpensive multimedia devices, Bluetooth and 802.11 support, new attack vectors for spreading malware are emerging for things we once thought of as innocuous greeting cards, picture frames, or digital projectors. This pattern of attack focuses on systems already fielded and used in operation as opposed to systems and their components that are still under development and part of the supply chain.
CAPEC-478: Modification of Windows Service Configuration
An adversary exploits a weakness in access control to modify the execution parameters of a Windows service. The goal of this attack is to execute a malicious binary in place of an existing service.
CAPEC-479: Malicious Root Certificate
An adversary exploits a weakness in authorization and installs a new root certificate on a compromised system. Certificates are commonly used for establishing secure TLS/SSL communications within a web browser. When a user attempts to browse a website that presents a certificate that is not trusted an error message will be displayed to warn the user of the security risk. Depending on the security settings, the browser may not allow the user to establish a connection to the website. Adversaries have used this technique to avoid security warnings prompting users when compromised systems connect over HTTPS to adversary controlled web servers that spoof legitimate websites in order to collect login credentials.
CAPEC-502: Intent Spoof
An adversary, through a previously installed malicious application, issues an intent directed toward a specific trusted application's component in an attempt to achieve a variety of different objectives including modification of data, information disclosure, and data injection. Components that have been unintentionally exported and made public are subject to this type of an attack. If the component trusts the intent's action without verififcation, then the target application performs the functionality at the adversary's request, helping the adversary achieve the desired negative technical impact.
CAPEC-503: WebView Exposure
An adversary, through a malicious web page, accesses application specific functionality by leveraging interfaces registered through WebView's addJavascriptInterface API. Once an interface is registered to WebView through addJavascriptInterface, it becomes global and all pages loaded in the WebView can call this interface.
CAPEC-536: Data Injected During Configuration
An attacker with access to data files and processes on a victim's system injects malicious data into critical operational data during configuration or recalibration, causing the victim's system to perform in a suboptimal manner that benefits the adversary.
CAPEC-546: Incomplete Data Deletion in a Multi-Tenant Environment
An adversary obtains unauthorized information due to insecure or incomplete data deletion in a multi-tenant environment. If a cloud provider fails to completely delete storage and data from former cloud tenants' systems/resources, once these resources are allocated to new, potentially malicious tenants, the latter can probe the provided resources for sensitive information still there.
CAPEC-550: Install New Service
When an operating system starts, it also starts programs called services or daemons. Adversaries may install a new service which will be executed at startup (on a Windows system, by modifying the registry). The service name may be disguised by using a name from a related operating system or benign software. Services are usually run with elevated privileges.
CAPEC-551: Modify Existing Service
When an operating system starts, it also starts programs called services or daemons. Modifying existing services may break existing services or may enable services that are disabled/not commonly used.
CAPEC-552: Install Rootkit
An adversary exploits a weakness in authentication to install malware that alters the functionality and information provide by targeted operating system API calls. Often referred to as rootkits, it is often used to hide the presence of programs, files, network connections, services, drivers, and other system components.
CAPEC-556: Replace File Extension Handlers
When a file is opened, its file handler is checked to determine which program opens the file. File handlers are configuration properties of many operating systems. Applications can modify the file handler for a given file extension to call an arbitrary program when a file with the given extension is opened.
CAPEC-558: Replace Trusted Executable
An adversary exploits weaknesses in privilege management or access control to replace a trusted executable with a malicious version and enable the execution of malware when that trusted executable is called.
CAPEC-562: Modify Shared File
An adversary manipulates the files in a shared location by adding malicious programs, scripts, or exploit code to valid content. Once a user opens the shared content, the tainted content is executed.
CAPEC-563: Add Malicious File to Shared Webroot
An adversaries may add malicious content to a website through the open file share and then browse to that content with a web browser to cause the server to execute the content. The malicious content will typically run under the context and permissions of the web server process, often resulting in local system or administrative privileges depending on how the web server is configured.
CAPEC-564: Run Software at Logon
Operating system allows logon scripts to be run whenever a specific user or users logon to a system. If adversaries can access these scripts, they may insert additional code into the logon script. This code can allow them to maintain persistence or move laterally within an enclave because it is executed every time the affected user or users logon to a computer. Modifying logon scripts can effectively bypass workstation and enclave firewalls. Depending on the access configuration of the logon scripts, either local credentials or a remote administrative account may be necessary.
CAPEC-578: Disable Security Software
An adversary exploits a weakness in access control to disable security tools so that detection does not occur. This can take the form of killing processes, deleting registry keys so that tools do not start at run time, deleting log files, or other methods.