Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-284

Discouraged

Improper Access Control

Abstraction: Pillar · Status: Incomplete

The product does not restrict or incorrectly restricts access to a resource from an unauthorized actor.

7797 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-2R69-43CG-W872

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-05 21:30 – Updated: 2026-03-06 12:30
VLAI
Details

Missing authentication and authorization in the web API of Tata Consultancy Services Cognix Recon Client v3.0 allows remote attackers to access application functionality without restriction via the network.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-26418"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-284"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-03-05T19:16:04Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Missing authentication and authorization in the web API of Tata Consultancy Services Cognix Recon Client v3.0 allows remote attackers to access application functionality without restriction via the network.",
  "id": "GHSA-2r69-43cg-w872",
  "modified": "2026-03-06T12:30:30Z",
  "published": "2026-03-05T21:30:47Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-26418"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/aksalsalimi/CVE-2026-26418"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/aksalsalimi/cognix-recon-client-security-advisories"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.tcs.com/what-we-do/services/cognitive-business-operations/solution/cognix-platform-business-agility-enhanced-cx"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-2R75-CXRJ-CMPH

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-05 15:47 – Updated: 2026-07-08 17:35
VLAI
Summary
wasmtime-wasi: WASI path_open(TRUNCATE) bypasses `FilePerms::WRITE` host restriction
Details

Summary

In wasmtime-wasi, when a filesystem preopen is given DirPerms::all() and FilePerms::READ without FilePerms::WRITE, this wasmtime-wasi enforced access control mechanism can be bypassed by using the wasip2 descriptor.open-at or wasip1 path_open interfaces by opening a file with OpenFlags::TRUNCATE oflag only, for example:

dir_descriptor.open_at(
   PathFlags::empty(),
   FILENAME,
   OpenFlags::TRUNCATE,
   DescriptorFlags::READ,
)
wasip1::path_open(
    dir_fd,
    0,
    FILENAME,
    wasip1::OFLAGS_TRUNC,
    wasip1::RIGHTS_FD_READ,
    0,
    0
)

The root cause is that the clause that considered OpenFlags::TRUNCATE did not set open_mode |= OpenMode::WRITE;, used later in that function for the access control check against FilePerms for whether opening that file is permitted. With the bug corrected, these calls to open-at and path_open fail with error-code.not-permitted and ERRNO_PERM respectively.

The bug in crates/wasi/src/filesystem.rs, Dir::open_at, lines 967–969:

if oflags.contains(OpenFlags::TRUNCATE) {
    opts.truncate(true).write(true);
}

and the single line fix is:

if oflags.contains(OpenFlags::TRUNCATE) {
    opts.truncate(true).write(true);
    open_mode |= OpenMode::WRITE;
}

Only wasmtime-wasi embeddings that use a combination of DirPerms::MUTATE with FilePerms::READ are affected by this bug, e.g. those that use in the WasiCtxBuilder:

builder.preopened_dir("readonly", "readonly", DirPerms::READ | DirPerms::MUTATE, FilePerms::READ);

In particular, the Wasmtime project's wasmtime-cli's use of wasmtime-wasi is not affected, because it always sets FilePerms::all() for all preopens.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "crates.io",
        "name": "wasmtime-wasi"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "37.0.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "44.0.2"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "crates.io",
        "name": "wasmtime-wasi"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "25.0.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "36.0.10"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "crates.io",
        "name": "wasmtime-wasi"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "24.0.9"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-47261"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-284"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-06-05T15:47:02Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-06-15T21:17:11Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "## Summary\n\nIn `wasmtime-wasi`, when a filesystem preopen is given `DirPerms::all()` and `FilePerms::READ` without `FilePerms::WRITE`,  this wasmtime-wasi enforced access control mechanism can be bypassed by using the wasip2 `descriptor.open-at` or wasip1 `path_open` interfaces by opening a file with `OpenFlags::TRUNCATE` oflag only, for example:\n\n```rust\ndir_descriptor.open_at(\n   PathFlags::empty(),\n   FILENAME,\n   OpenFlags::TRUNCATE,\n   DescriptorFlags::READ,\n)\n```\n\n```rust\nwasip1::path_open(\n    dir_fd,\n    0,\n    FILENAME,\n    wasip1::OFLAGS_TRUNC,\n    wasip1::RIGHTS_FD_READ,\n    0,\n    0\n)\n```\n\nThe root cause is that the clause that considered `OpenFlags::TRUNCATE` did not set `open_mode |= OpenMode::WRITE;`, used later in that function for the access control check against `FilePerms` for whether opening that file is permitted. With the bug corrected, these calls to `open-at` and `path_open` fail with `error-code.not-permitted` and `ERRNO_PERM` respectively.\n\nThe bug in `crates/wasi/src/filesystem.rs`, `Dir::open_at`, lines 967\u2013969:\n\n```rust\nif oflags.contains(OpenFlags::TRUNCATE) {\n    opts.truncate(true).write(true);\n}\n```\nand the single line fix is:\n```rust\nif oflags.contains(OpenFlags::TRUNCATE) {\n    opts.truncate(true).write(true);\n    open_mode |= OpenMode::WRITE;\n}\n```\n\nOnly wasmtime-wasi embeddings that use a combination of DirPerms::MUTATE with FilePerms::READ are affected by this bug, e.g. those that use in the `WasiCtxBuilder`:\n```rust\nbuilder.preopened_dir(\"readonly\", \"readonly\", DirPerms::READ | DirPerms::MUTATE, FilePerms::READ);\n```\n\nIn particular, the Wasmtime project\u0027s `wasmtime-cli`\u0027s use of wasmtime-wasi is not affected, because it always sets `FilePerms::all()` for all preopens.",
  "id": "GHSA-2r75-cxrj-cmph",
  "modified": "2026-07-08T17:35:44Z",
  "published": "2026-06-05T15:47:02Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/bytecodealliance/wasmtime/security/advisories/GHSA-2r75-cxrj-cmph"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-47261"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/bytecodealliance/wasmtime"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/bytecodealliance/wasmtime/releases/tag/v24.0.9"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/bytecodealliance/wasmtime/releases/tag/v36.0.10"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/bytecodealliance/wasmtime/releases/tag/v44.0.2"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/bytecodealliance/wasmtime/releases/tag/v45.0.0"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://rustsec.org/advisories/RUSTSEC-2026-0149.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "wasmtime-wasi: WASI path_open(TRUNCATE) bypasses `FilePerms::WRITE` host restriction"
}

GHSA-2R9R-3596-47C9

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-07-17 00:32 – Updated: 2024-07-17 00:32
VLAI
Details

Vulnerability in the Oracle Process Manufacturing Product Development product of Oracle E-Business Suite (component: Quality Management Specs). The supported version that is affected is 12.2.13. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows low privileged attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise Oracle Process Manufacturing Product Development. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized creation, deletion or modification access to critical data or all Oracle Process Manufacturing Product Development accessible data as well as unauthorized access to critical data or complete access to all Oracle Process Manufacturing Product Development accessible data. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 8.1 (Confidentiality and Integrity impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N).

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-21153"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-284"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-07-16T23:15:17Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Vulnerability in the Oracle Process Manufacturing Product Development product of Oracle E-Business Suite (component: Quality Management Specs).   The supported version that is affected is 12.2.13. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows low privileged attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise Oracle Process Manufacturing Product Development.  Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in  unauthorized creation, deletion or modification access to critical data or all Oracle Process Manufacturing Product Development accessible data as well as  unauthorized access to critical data or complete access to all Oracle Process Manufacturing Product Development accessible data. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 8.1 (Confidentiality and Integrity impacts).  CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N).",
  "id": "GHSA-2r9r-3596-47c9",
  "modified": "2024-07-17T00:32:55Z",
  "published": "2024-07-17T00:32:55Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-21153"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujul2024.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-2RF5-22P4-9M65

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 00:49 – Updated: 2022-05-17 00:49
VLAI
Details

Admin Framework in Apple OS X before 10.10.4 does not properly verify XPC entitlements, which allows local users to bypass authentication and obtain admin privileges via unspecified vectors.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2015-3671"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-284"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2015-07-03T01:59:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Admin Framework in Apple OS X before 10.10.4 does not properly verify XPC entitlements, which allows local users to bypass authentication and obtain admin privileges via unspecified vectors.",
  "id": "GHSA-2rf5-22p4-9m65",
  "modified": "2022-05-17T00:49:21Z",
  "published": "2022-05-17T00:49:21Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2015-3671"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://lists.apple.com/archives/security-announce/2015/Jun/msg00002.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://support.apple.com/kb/HT204942"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/75493"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1032760"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-2RG7-JP97-9WHM

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-01 12:31 – Updated: 2026-04-09 21:31
VLAI
Details

An improper access check allows unauthorized access to webservice endpoints.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-23899"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-284"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-04-01T10:16:16Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "An improper access check allows unauthorized access to webservice endpoints.",
  "id": "GHSA-2rg7-jp97-9whm",
  "modified": "2026-04-09T21:31:25Z",
  "published": "2026-04-01T12:31:28Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-23899"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://developer.joomla.org/security-centre/1032-20260306-core-improper-access-check-in-webservice-endpoints.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-2RPP-4GCG-QM8X

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-06-23 15:31 – Updated: 2025-06-26 18:31
VLAI
Details

A settings manipulation vulnerability in NCR Terminal Handler v1.5.1 allows attackers to execute arbitrary commands, including editing system security auditing configurations.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-47297"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-284"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-06-23T15:15:25Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "A settings manipulation vulnerability in NCR Terminal Handler v1.5.1 allows attackers to execute arbitrary commands, including editing system security auditing configurations.",
  "id": "GHSA-2rpp-4gcg-qm8x",
  "modified": "2025-06-26T18:31:24Z",
  "published": "2025-06-23T15:31:42Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-47297"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://drive.google.com/file/d/1YzoJ2QuI9LEEpF8r5ZiCdTQtR9hfsXl7/view?usp=sharing"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/pwahba/cve-research/blob/main/CVE-2023-47297/CVE-2023-47297.md"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-2RVW-JRP7-X2VG

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-10-21 18:30 – Updated: 2025-10-22 15:31
VLAI
Details

LibreTime 3.0.0-alpha.10 and possibly earlier is vulnerable to Broken Access Control, where a user with the DJ role can access analytics data via the Web UI and direct API calls. The backend does not verify role-based permissions for analytics endpoints, allowing unauthorized retrieval of station-wide metrics. This results in information disclosure to less privileged users.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-60427"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-284"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-10-21T18:15:36Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "LibreTime 3.0.0-alpha.10 and possibly earlier is vulnerable to Broken Access Control, where a user with the DJ role can access analytics data via the Web UI and direct API calls. The backend does not verify role-based permissions for analytics endpoints, allowing unauthorized retrieval of station-wide metrics. This results in information disclosure to less privileged users.",
  "id": "GHSA-2rvw-jrp7-x2vg",
  "modified": "2025-10-22T15:31:07Z",
  "published": "2025-10-21T18:30:35Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-60427"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/libretime/libretime/issues/1251"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://beafn28.gitbook.io/beafn28/cve/broken-access-control-in-libretime-analytics-endpoints-cve-2025-60427"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/libretime/libretime"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-2V36-29XM-JP89

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-02-22 00:31 – Updated: 2024-02-22 00:31
VLAI
Details

An issue has been discovered in GitLab CE/EE affecting all versions starting from 16.1 before 16.7.6, all versions starting from 16.8 before 16.8.3, all versions starting from 16.9 before 16.9.1. Under some specialized conditions, an LDAP user may be able to reset their password using their verified secondary email address and sign-in using direct authentication with the reset password, bypassing LDAP.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-1525"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-284",
      "CWE-288"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-02-22T00:15:52Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "An issue has been discovered in GitLab CE/EE affecting all versions starting from 16.1 before 16.7.6, all versions starting from 16.8 before 16.8.3, all versions starting from 16.9 before 16.9.1. Under some specialized conditions, an LDAP user may be able to reset their password using their verified secondary email address and sign-in using direct authentication with the reset password, bypassing LDAP.",
  "id": "GHSA-2v36-29xm-jp89",
  "modified": "2024-02-22T00:31:03Z",
  "published": "2024-02-22T00:31:02Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-1525"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/438144"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-2V6F-4WC2-P3HQ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-28 06:31 – Updated: 2026-05-28 06:31
VLAI
Details

The Rocket.Chat DDP method autoTranslate.translateMessage in versions <8.5.0, <8.4.2, <8.3.4, <8.2.4, <8.1.5, <8.0.5, <7.13.8, and <7.10.12 accepts a client-supplied IMessage object and passes it directly to translateMessage() without checking Meteor.userId() or verifying room membership. Any authenticated DDP user can read the content of any message by ID from any room (private channels, DMs, E2EE rooms) by calling this method.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-32995"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-284"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-05-28T05:16:35Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "The Rocket.Chat DDP method autoTranslate.translateMessage in versions \u003c8.5.0, \u003c8.4.2, \u003c8.3.4, \u003c8.2.4, \u003c8.1.5, \u003c8.0.5, \u003c7.13.8, and \u003c7.10.12 accepts a client-supplied IMessage object and passes it directly to translateMessage() without checking Meteor.userId() or verifying room membership. Any authenticated DDP user can read the content of any message by ID from any room (private channels, DMs, E2EE rooms) by calling this method.",
  "id": "GHSA-2v6f-4wc2-p3hq",
  "modified": "2026-05-28T06:31:08Z",
  "published": "2026-05-28T06:31:08Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-32995"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/RocketChat/Rocket.Chat/pull/40528"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://hackerone.com/reports/3734326"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-2V92-7CF3-4VM5

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:15 – Updated: 2022-07-29 00:00
VLAI
Details

The Timetable and Event Schedule WordPress plugin before 2.4.2 does not have proper access control when updating a timeslot, allowing any user with the edit_posts capability (contributor+) to update arbitrary timeslot from any events. Furthermore, no CSRF check is in place as well, allowing such attack to be perform via CSRF against a logged in with such capability. In versions before 2.3.19, the lack of sanitisation and escaping in some of the fields, like the descritption could also lead to Stored XSS issues

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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-24584"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-284",
      "CWE-352"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-09-20T10:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "The Timetable and Event Schedule WordPress plugin before 2.4.2 does not have proper access control when updating a timeslot, allowing any user with the edit_posts capability (contributor+) to update arbitrary timeslot from any events. Furthermore, no CSRF check is in place as well, allowing such attack to be perform via CSRF against a logged in with such capability. In versions before 2.3.19, the lack of sanitisation and escaping in some of the fields, like the descritption could also lead to Stored XSS issues",
  "id": "GHSA-2v92-7cf3-4vm5",
  "modified": "2022-07-29T00:00:50Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T19:15:19Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-24584"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://wpscan.com/vulnerability/60eadf75-8298-49de-877e-ce103fc34d58"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

Mitigation MIT-1
Architecture and Design Operation

Very carefully manage the setting, management, and handling of privileges. Explicitly manage trust zones in the software.

Mitigation MIT-46
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Separation of Privilege

  • Compartmentalize the system to have "safe" areas where trust boundaries can be unambiguously drawn. Do not allow sensitive data to go outside of the trust boundary and always be careful when interfacing with a compartment outside of the safe area.
  • Ensure that appropriate compartmentalization is built into the system design, and the compartmentalization allows for and reinforces privilege separation functionality. Architects and designers should rely on the principle of least privilege to decide the appropriate time to use privileges and the time to drop privileges.
CAPEC-19: Embedding Scripts within Scripts

An adversary leverages the capability to execute their own script by embedding it within other scripts that the target software is likely to execute due to programs' vulnerabilities that are brought on by allowing remote hosts to execute scripts.

CAPEC-441: Malicious Logic Insertion

An adversary installs or adds malicious logic (also known as malware) into a seemingly benign component of a fielded system. This logic is often hidden from the user of the system and works behind the scenes to achieve negative impacts. With the proliferation of mass digital storage and inexpensive multimedia devices, Bluetooth and 802.11 support, new attack vectors for spreading malware are emerging for things we once thought of as innocuous greeting cards, picture frames, or digital projectors. This pattern of attack focuses on systems already fielded and used in operation as opposed to systems and their components that are still under development and part of the supply chain.

CAPEC-478: Modification of Windows Service Configuration

An adversary exploits a weakness in access control to modify the execution parameters of a Windows service. The goal of this attack is to execute a malicious binary in place of an existing service.

CAPEC-479: Malicious Root Certificate

An adversary exploits a weakness in authorization and installs a new root certificate on a compromised system. Certificates are commonly used for establishing secure TLS/SSL communications within a web browser. When a user attempts to browse a website that presents a certificate that is not trusted an error message will be displayed to warn the user of the security risk. Depending on the security settings, the browser may not allow the user to establish a connection to the website. Adversaries have used this technique to avoid security warnings prompting users when compromised systems connect over HTTPS to adversary controlled web servers that spoof legitimate websites in order to collect login credentials.

CAPEC-502: Intent Spoof

An adversary, through a previously installed malicious application, issues an intent directed toward a specific trusted application's component in an attempt to achieve a variety of different objectives including modification of data, information disclosure, and data injection. Components that have been unintentionally exported and made public are subject to this type of an attack. If the component trusts the intent's action without verififcation, then the target application performs the functionality at the adversary's request, helping the adversary achieve the desired negative technical impact.

CAPEC-503: WebView Exposure

An adversary, through a malicious web page, accesses application specific functionality by leveraging interfaces registered through WebView's addJavascriptInterface API. Once an interface is registered to WebView through addJavascriptInterface, it becomes global and all pages loaded in the WebView can call this interface.

CAPEC-536: Data Injected During Configuration

An attacker with access to data files and processes on a victim's system injects malicious data into critical operational data during configuration or recalibration, causing the victim's system to perform in a suboptimal manner that benefits the adversary.

CAPEC-546: Incomplete Data Deletion in a Multi-Tenant Environment

An adversary obtains unauthorized information due to insecure or incomplete data deletion in a multi-tenant environment. If a cloud provider fails to completely delete storage and data from former cloud tenants' systems/resources, once these resources are allocated to new, potentially malicious tenants, the latter can probe the provided resources for sensitive information still there.

CAPEC-550: Install New Service

When an operating system starts, it also starts programs called services or daemons. Adversaries may install a new service which will be executed at startup (on a Windows system, by modifying the registry). The service name may be disguised by using a name from a related operating system or benign software. Services are usually run with elevated privileges.

CAPEC-551: Modify Existing Service

When an operating system starts, it also starts programs called services or daemons. Modifying existing services may break existing services or may enable services that are disabled/not commonly used.

CAPEC-552: Install Rootkit

An adversary exploits a weakness in authentication to install malware that alters the functionality and information provide by targeted operating system API calls. Often referred to as rootkits, it is often used to hide the presence of programs, files, network connections, services, drivers, and other system components.

CAPEC-556: Replace File Extension Handlers

When a file is opened, its file handler is checked to determine which program opens the file. File handlers are configuration properties of many operating systems. Applications can modify the file handler for a given file extension to call an arbitrary program when a file with the given extension is opened.

CAPEC-558: Replace Trusted Executable

An adversary exploits weaknesses in privilege management or access control to replace a trusted executable with a malicious version and enable the execution of malware when that trusted executable is called.

CAPEC-562: Modify Shared File

An adversary manipulates the files in a shared location by adding malicious programs, scripts, or exploit code to valid content. Once a user opens the shared content, the tainted content is executed.

CAPEC-563: Add Malicious File to Shared Webroot

An adversaries may add malicious content to a website through the open file share and then browse to that content with a web browser to cause the server to execute the content. The malicious content will typically run under the context and permissions of the web server process, often resulting in local system or administrative privileges depending on how the web server is configured.

CAPEC-564: Run Software at Logon

Operating system allows logon scripts to be run whenever a specific user or users logon to a system. If adversaries can access these scripts, they may insert additional code into the logon script. This code can allow them to maintain persistence or move laterally within an enclave because it is executed every time the affected user or users logon to a computer. Modifying logon scripts can effectively bypass workstation and enclave firewalls. Depending on the access configuration of the logon scripts, either local credentials or a remote administrative account may be necessary.

CAPEC-578: Disable Security Software

An adversary exploits a weakness in access control to disable security tools so that detection does not occur. This can take the form of killing processes, deleting registry keys so that tools do not start at run time, deleting log files, or other methods.