CWE-22
Allowed-with-ReviewImproper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
Abstraction: Base · Status: Stable
The product uses external input to construct a pathname that is intended to identify a file or directory that is located underneath a restricted parent directory, but the product does not properly neutralize special elements within the pathname that can cause the pathname to resolve to a location that is outside of the restricted directory.
13071 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-9728-4787-J7X7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 04:41 – Updated: 2022-05-17 04:41Directory traversal vulnerability in the TFTP server in D-Link DIR-601 Wireless N150 Home Router with firmware 1.02NA allows remote attackers to read arbitrary files via unspecified vectors.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2011-4821"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-22"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2014-06-20T14:55:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Directory traversal vulnerability in the TFTP server in D-Link DIR-601 Wireless N150 Home Router with firmware 1.02NA allows remote attackers to read arbitrary files via unspecified vectors.",
"id": "GHSA-9728-4787-j7x7",
"modified": "2022-05-17T04:41:33Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T04:41:33Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2011-4821"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/47762"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/archive/1/521369"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/51659"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.solutionary.com/research/vulnerability-disclosures/2012/01/d-link-dir-601-tftp-directory-traversal-vulnerability"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-972P-JCP3-Q2CV
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-04-13 15:30 – Updated: 2026-07-05 03:31bloofox v0.5.2 was discovered to contain an arbitrary file deletion vulnerability via the delete_file() function.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-27812"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-22"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-04-13T14:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "bloofox v0.5.2 was discovered to contain an arbitrary file deletion vulnerability via the delete_file() function.",
"id": "GHSA-972p-jcp3-q2cv",
"modified": "2026-07-05T03:31:07Z",
"published": "2023-04-13T15:30:35Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-27812"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/jspring996/PHPcodecms/issues/1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/jspring996"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.bloofox.com"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://bloofox.com"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-9737-QMGC-HFR9
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 01:17 – Updated: 2024-02-21 19:56Apache Tomcat 4.1.0 through 4.1.39, 5.5.0 through 5.5.27, 6.0.0 through 6.0.18, and possibly earlier versions normalizes the target pathname before filtering the query string when using the RequestDispatcher method, which allows remote attackers to bypass intended access restrictions and conduct directory traversal attacks via .. (dot dot) sequences and the WEB-INF directory in a Request.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "org.apache.tomcat:tomcat"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "4.1.0"
},
{
"fixed": "4.1.40"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "org.apache.tomcat:tomcat"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "5.5.0"
},
{
"fixed": "5.5.28"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "org.apache.tomcat:tomcat"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "6.0.0"
},
{
"fixed": "6.0.20"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2008-5515"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-22"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2022-06-09T23:48:28Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2009-06-16T21:00:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Apache Tomcat 4.1.0 through 4.1.39, 5.5.0 through 5.5.27, 6.0.0 through 6.0.18, and possibly earlier versions normalizes the target pathname before filtering the query string when using the RequestDispatcher method, which allows remote attackers to bypass intended access restrictions and conduct directory traversal attacks via .. (dot dot) sequences and the WEB-INF directory in a Request.",
"id": "GHSA-9737-qmgc-hfr9",
"modified": "2024-02-21T19:56:16Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T01:17:23Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2008-5515"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/apache/tomcat/commit/6b61911f94d6d8d49ee933c5f1882a7e7c336d2c"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/apache/tomcat"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/06cfb634bc7bf37af7d8f760f118018746ad8efbd519c4b789ac9c2e%40%3Cdev.tomcat.apache.org%3E"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/29dc6c2b625789e70a9c4756b5a327e6547273ff8bde7e0327af48c5%40%3Cdev.tomcat.apache.org%3E"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/8dcaf7c3894d66cb717646ea1504ea6e300021c85bb4e677dc16b1aa%40%3Cdev.tomcat.apache.org%3E"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/c62b0e3a7bf23342352a5810c640a94b6db69957c5c19db507004d74%40%3Cdev.tomcat.apache.org%3E"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/r3aacc40356defc3f248aa504b1e48e819dd0471a0a83349080c6bcbf%40%3Cdev.tomcat.apache.org%3E"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/r584a714f141eff7b1c358d4679288177bd4ca4558e9999d15867d4b5%40%3Cdev.tomcat.apache.org%3E"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/rb71997f506c6cc8b530dd845c084995a9878098846c7b4eacfae8db3%40%3Cdev.tomcat.apache.org%3E"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://oval.cisecurity.org/repository/search/definition/oval:org.mitre.oval:def:10422"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://oval.cisecurity.org/repository/search/definition/oval:org.mitre.oval:def:19452"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://oval.cisecurity.org/repository/search/definition/oval:org.mitre.oval:def:6445"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.redhat.com/archives/fedora-package-announce/2009-November/msg01156.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.redhat.com/archives/fedora-package-announce/2009-November/msg01216.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.redhat.com/archives/fedora-package-announce/2009-November/msg01246.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://jvn.jp/en/jp/JVN63832775/index.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.apple.com/archives/security-announce/2010//Mar/msg00001.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2009-07/msg00002.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2010-04/msg00001.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://marc.info/?l=bugtraq\u0026m=127420533226623\u0026w=2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://marc.info/?l=bugtraq\u0026m=129070310906557\u0026w=2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://marc.info/?l=bugtraq\u0026m=136485229118404\u0026w=2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://support.apple.com/kb/HT4077"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://tomcat.apache.org/security-4.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://tomcat.apache.org/security-5.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://tomcat.apache.org/security-6.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.debian.org/security/2011/dsa-2207"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.fujitsu.com/global/support/software/security/products-f/interstage-200902e.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.mandriva.com/security/advisories?name=MDVSA-2009:136"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.mandriva.com/security/advisories?name=MDVSA-2009:138"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.mandriva.com/security/advisories?name=MDVSA-2010:176"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.vmware.com/security/advisories/VMSA-2009-0016.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Directory Traversal in Apache Tomcat"
}
GHSA-974Q-RH86-63R2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 01:37 – Updated: 2022-05-14 01:37idreamsoft iCMS 7.0.13 allows admincp.php?app=files ../ Directory Traversal via the udir parameter to files.admincp.php, resulting in execution of arbitrary PHP code from a ZIP file via the admincp.php?app=apps zipfile parameter to apps.admincp.php.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-7160"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-22"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-01-29T16:29:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "idreamsoft iCMS 7.0.13 allows admincp.php?app=files ../ Directory Traversal via the udir parameter to files.admincp.php, resulting in execution of arbitrary PHP code from a ZIP file via the admincp.php?app=apps zipfile parameter to apps.admincp.php.",
"id": "GHSA-974q-rh86-63r2",
"modified": "2022-05-14T01:37:01Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T01:37:01Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-7160"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/idreamsoft/iCMS/issues/50"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-978R-92PJ-2F4J
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:45 – Updated: 2024-04-04 00:37Directory Traversal / Arbitrary File Read in eQ-3 AG Homematic CCU3 3.43.15 and earlier allows remote attackers to read arbitrary files of the device's filesystem. This vulnerability can be exploited by unauthenticated attackers with access to the web interface.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-9726"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-22"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-05-13T17:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Directory Traversal / Arbitrary File Read in eQ-3 AG Homematic CCU3 3.43.15 and earlier allows remote attackers to read arbitrary files of the device\u0027s filesystem. This vulnerability can be exploited by unauthenticated attackers with access to the web interface.",
"id": "GHSA-978r-92pj-2f4j",
"modified": "2024-04-04T00:37:26Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T16:45:35Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-9726"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://atomic111.github.io/article/homematic-ccu3-fileread"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-9794-PC4R-438W
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-07-12 21:00 – Updated: 2024-07-12 21:00A Local File Inclusion (LFI) vulnerability was identified in widgetti/solara, in version <1.35.1, which was fixed in version 1.35.1. This vulnerability arises from the application's failure to properly validate URI fragments for directory traversal sequences such as '../' when serving static files. An attacker can exploit this flaw by manipulating the fragment part of the URI to read arbitrary files on the local file system.
References
- https://github.com/widgetti/solara/security/advisories/GHSA-9794-pc4r-438w
- https://github.com/widgetti/solara/commit/df2fd66a7f4e8ffd36e8678697a8a4f76760dc54
- https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2024-39903
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "solara"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.35.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-39903"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-22"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2024-07-12T21:00:21Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2024-07-12T15:15:11Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A Local File Inclusion (LFI) vulnerability was identified in widgetti/solara, in version \u003c1.35.1, which was fixed in version 1.35.1. This vulnerability arises from the application\u0027s failure to properly validate URI fragments for directory traversal sequences such as \u0027../\u0027 when serving static files. An attacker can exploit this flaw by manipulating the fragment part of the URI to read arbitrary files on the local file system. \n\n### References\n- https://github.com/widgetti/solara/security/advisories/GHSA-9794-pc4r-438w\n- https://github.com/widgetti/solara/commit/df2fd66a7f4e8ffd36e8678697a8a4f76760dc54\n- https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2024-39903",
"id": "GHSA-9794-pc4r-438w",
"modified": "2024-07-12T21:00:21Z",
"published": "2024-07-12T21:00:21Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/widgetti/solara/security/advisories/GHSA-9794-pc4r-438w"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-39903"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/widgetti/solara/commit/df2fd66a7f4e8ffd36e8678697a8a4f76760dc54"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/widgetti/solara"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Local File Inclusion in Solara"
}
GHSA-9794-W62C-PF6F
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-12-28 15:30 – Updated: 2025-12-28 15:30A flaw has been found in prasathmani TinyFileManager up to 2.6. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the file tinyfilemanager.php. This manipulation of the argument fullpath causes path traversal. Remote exploitation of the attack is possible. The exploit has been published and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-15138"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-22"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-12-28T14:16:27Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A flaw has been found in prasathmani TinyFileManager up to 2.6. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the file tinyfilemanager.php. This manipulation of the argument fullpath causes path traversal. Remote exploitation of the attack is possible. The exploit has been published and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.",
"id": "GHSA-9794-w62c-pf6f",
"modified": "2025-12-28T15:30:26Z",
"published": "2025-12-28T15:30:26Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-15138"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://mesquite-dream-86b.notion.site/tinyfilemanager-File-Upload-RCE-Report-2c7512562197800d86b3e68534a56a91"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.338516"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.338516"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.714177"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-979J-7FMF-JXQ3
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 03:59 – Updated: 2022-05-17 03:59Directory traversal vulnerability in the replay server in IBM Tealeaf Customer Experience before 8.7.1.8818, 8.8 before 8.8.0.9026, 9.0.0, 9.0.0A, 9.0.1 before 9.0.1.1083, 9.0.1A before 9.0.1.5073, 9.0.2 before 9.0.2.1095, and 9.0.2A before 9.0.2.5144 allows remote attackers to read arbitrary files via unspecified vectors.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2015-4988"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-22"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2016-01-18T05:59:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Directory traversal vulnerability in the replay server in IBM Tealeaf Customer Experience before 8.7.1.8818, 8.8 before 8.8.0.9026, 9.0.0, 9.0.0A, 9.0.1 before 9.0.1.1083, 9.0.1A before 9.0.1.5073, 9.0.2 before 9.0.2.1095, and 9.0.2A before 9.0.2.5144 allows remote attackers to read arbitrary files via unspecified vectors.",
"id": "GHSA-979j-7fmf-jxq3",
"modified": "2022-05-17T03:59:24Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T03:59:24Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2015-4988"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www-01.ibm.com/support/docview.wss?uid=swg21968868"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-97C3-W9CR-6QC2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:19 – Updated: 2022-12-16 20:32The agent-to-controller security subsystem limits which files on the Jenkins controller can be accessed by agent processes.
Multiple vulnerabilities in the file path filtering implementation of Jenkins 2.318 and earlier, LTS 2.303.2 and earlier allow agent processes to read and write arbitrary files on the Jenkins controller file system, and obtain some information about Jenkins controller file systems.
SECURITY-2486 / CVE-2021-21690: Agent processes are able to completely bypass file path filtering by wrapping the file operation in an agent file path.
We expect that most of these vulnerabilities have been present since SECURITY-144 was addressed in the 2014-10-30 security advisory.
Jenkins 2.319, LTS 2.303.3 addresses these security vulnerabilities.
SECURITY-2486 / CVE-2021-21690: Agent processes are no longer able to completely bypass file path filtering by wrapping the file operation in an agent file path.
As some common operations are now newly subject to access control, it is expected that plugins sending commands from agents to the controller may start failing. Additionally, the newly introduced path canonicalization means that instances using a custom builds directory (Java system property jenkins.model.Jenkins.buildsDir) or partitioning JENKINS_HOME using symbolic links may fail access control checks. See the documentation for how to customize the configuration in case of problems.
If you are unable to immediately upgrade to Jenkins 2.319, LTS 2.303.3, you can install the Remoting Security Workaround Plugin. It will prevent all agent-to-controller file access using FilePath APIs. Because it is more restrictive than Jenkins 2.319, LTS 2.303.3, more plugins are incompatible with it. Make sure to read the plugin documentation before installing it.
{
"affected": [
{
"database_specific": {
"last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 2.303.2"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "org.jenkins-ci.main:jenkins-core"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.303.3"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"database_specific": {
"last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 2.318"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "org.jenkins-ci.main:jenkins-core"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "2.304"
},
{
"fixed": "2.319"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-21690"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-22",
"CWE-693"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2022-06-23T06:48:21Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2021-11-04T17:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "The agent-to-controller security subsystem limits which files on the Jenkins controller can be accessed by agent processes.\n\nMultiple vulnerabilities in the file path filtering implementation of Jenkins 2.318 and earlier, LTS 2.303.2 and earlier allow agent processes to read and write arbitrary files on the Jenkins controller file system, and obtain some information about Jenkins controller file systems.\n\nSECURITY-2486 / CVE-2021-21690: Agent processes are able to completely bypass file path filtering by wrapping the file operation in an agent file path.\n\nWe expect that most of these vulnerabilities have been present since [SECURITY-144 was addressed in the 2014-10-30 security advisory](https://www.jenkins.io/security/advisory/2014-10-30/).\n\nJenkins 2.319, LTS 2.303.3 addresses these security vulnerabilities.\n\nSECURITY-2486 / CVE-2021-21690: Agent processes are no longer able to completely bypass file path filtering by wrapping the file operation in an agent file path.\n\nAs some common operations are now newly subject to access control, it is expected that plugins sending commands from agents to the controller may start failing. Additionally, the newly introduced path canonicalization means that instances using a custom builds directory ([Java system property jenkins.model.Jenkins.buildsDir](https://www.jenkins.io/doc/book/managing/system-properties/#jenkins-model-jenkins-buildsdir)) or partitioning `JENKINS_HOME` using symbolic links may fail access control checks. See [the documentation](https://www.jenkins.io/doc/book/security/controller-isolation/agent-to-controller/#file-access-rules) for how to customize the configuration in case of problems.\n\nIf you are unable to immediately upgrade to Jenkins 2.319, LTS 2.303.3, you can install the [Remoting Security Workaround Plugin](https://www.jenkins.io/redirect/remoting-security-workaround/). It will prevent all agent-to-controller file access using `FilePath` APIs. Because it is more restrictive than Jenkins 2.319, LTS 2.303.3, more plugins are incompatible with it. Make sure to read the plugin documentation before installing it.",
"id": "GHSA-97c3-w9cr-6qc2",
"modified": "2022-12-16T20:32:14Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:19:44Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-21690"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/jenkinsci/jenkins/commit/104c751d907919dd53f5090f84d53c671a66457b"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/jenkinsci/jenkins/commit/5a245e42979abe4a26d41727c839521e36cedd74"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/jenkinsci/jenkins/commit/63cde2daadc705edf086f2213b48c8c547f98358"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.jenkins.io/security/advisory/2021-11-04/#SECURITY-2455"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "ttps://github.com/jenkinsci/jenkins"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Multiple vulnerabilities allow bypassing path filtering of agent-to-controller access control in Jenkins"
}
GHSA-97CM-F92P-P28Q
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-06-25 03:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 05:09Directory traversal can occur in the Basecamp com.basecamp.bc3 application before 4.2.1 for Android, which may allow an attacker to write arbitrary files in the application's private directory. Additionally, by using a malicious intent, the attacker may redirect the server's responses (containing sensitive information) to third-party applications by using a custom-crafted deeplink scheme.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-36612"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-22"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-06-25T03:15:46Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Directory traversal can occur in the Basecamp com.basecamp.bc3 application before 4.2.1 for Android, which may allow an attacker to write arbitrary files in the application\u0027s private directory. Additionally, by using a malicious intent, the attacker may redirect the server\u0027s responses (containing sensitive information) to third-party applications by using a custom-crafted deeplink scheme.",
"id": "GHSA-97cm-f92p-p28q",
"modified": "2024-04-04T05:09:05Z",
"published": "2023-06-25T03:30:44Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-36612"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://hackerone.com/reports/1710541"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-5.1
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- When validating filenames, use stringent allowlists that limit the character set to be used. If feasible, only allow a single "." character in the filename to avoid weaknesses such as CWE-23, and exclude directory separators such as "/" to avoid CWE-36. Use a list of allowable file extensions, which will help to avoid CWE-434.
- Do not rely exclusively on a filtering mechanism that removes potentially dangerous characters. This is equivalent to a denylist, which may be incomplete (CWE-184). For example, filtering "/" is insufficient protection if the filesystem also supports the use of "\" as a directory separator. Another possible error could occur when the filtering is applied in a way that still produces dangerous data (CWE-182). For example, if "../" sequences are removed from the ".../...//" string in a sequential fashion, two instances of "../" would be removed from the original string, but the remaining characters would still form the "../" string.
Mitigation MIT-15
For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.
Mitigation MIT-20.1
Strategy: Input Validation
- Inputs should be decoded and canonicalized to the application's current internal representation before being validated (CWE-180). Make sure that the application does not decode the same input twice (CWE-174). Such errors could be used to bypass allowlist validation schemes by introducing dangerous inputs after they have been checked.
- Use a built-in path canonicalization function (such as realpath() in C) that produces the canonical version of the pathname, which effectively removes ".." sequences and symbolic links (CWE-23, CWE-59). This includes:
- realpath() in C
- getCanonicalPath() in Java
- GetFullPath() in ASP.NET
- realpath() or abs_path() in Perl
- realpath() in PHP
Mitigation MIT-4
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid [REF-1482].
Mitigation MIT-29
Strategy: Firewall
Use an application firewall that can detect attacks against this weakness. It can be beneficial in cases in which the code cannot be fixed (because it is controlled by a third party), as an emergency prevention measure while more comprehensive software assurance measures are applied, or to provide defense in depth [REF-1481].
Mitigation MIT-17
Strategy: Environment Hardening
Run your code using the lowest privileges that are required to accomplish the necessary tasks [REF-76]. If possible, create isolated accounts with limited privileges that are only used for a single task. That way, a successful attack will not immediately give the attacker access to the rest of the software or its environment. For example, database applications rarely need to run as the database administrator, especially in day-to-day operations.
Mitigation MIT-21.1
Strategy: Enforcement by Conversion
- When the set of acceptable objects, such as filenames or URLs, is limited or known, create a mapping from a set of fixed input values (such as numeric IDs) to the actual filenames or URLs, and reject all other inputs.
- For example, ID 1 could map to "inbox.txt" and ID 2 could map to "profile.txt". Features such as the ESAPI AccessReferenceMap [REF-185] provide this capability.
Mitigation MIT-22
Strategy: Sandbox or Jail
- Run the code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which files can be accessed in a particular directory or which commands can be executed by the software.
- OS-level examples include the Unix chroot jail, AppArmor, and SELinux. In general, managed code may provide some protection. For example, java.io.FilePermission in the Java SecurityManager allows the software to specify restrictions on file operations.
- This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of the application may still be subject to compromise.
- Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.
Mitigation MIT-34
Strategy: Attack Surface Reduction
- Store library, include, and utility files outside of the web document root, if possible. Otherwise, store them in a separate directory and use the web server's access control capabilities to prevent attackers from directly requesting them. One common practice is to define a fixed constant in each calling program, then check for the existence of the constant in the library/include file; if the constant does not exist, then the file was directly requested, and it can exit immediately.
- This significantly reduces the chance of an attacker being able to bypass any protection mechanisms that are in the base program but not in the include files. It will also reduce the attack surface.
Mitigation MIT-39
- Ensure that error messages only contain minimal details that are useful to the intended audience and no one else. The messages need to strike the balance between being too cryptic (which can confuse users) or being too detailed (which may reveal more than intended). The messages should not reveal the methods that were used to determine the error. Attackers can use detailed information to refine or optimize their original attack, thereby increasing their chances of success.
- If errors must be captured in some detail, record them in log messages, but consider what could occur if the log messages can be viewed by attackers. Highly sensitive information such as passwords should never be saved to log files.
- Avoid inconsistent messaging that might accidentally tip off an attacker about internal state, such as whether a user account exists or not.
- In the context of path traversal, error messages which disclose path information can help attackers craft the appropriate attack strings to move through the file system hierarchy.
Mitigation MIT-16
Strategy: Environment Hardening
When using PHP, configure the application so that it does not use register_globals. During implementation, develop the application so that it does not rely on this feature, but be wary of implementing a register_globals emulation that is subject to weaknesses such as CWE-95, CWE-621, and similar issues.
CAPEC-126: Path Traversal
An adversary uses path manipulation methods to exploit insufficient input validation of a target to obtain access to data that should be not be retrievable by ordinary well-formed requests. A typical variety of this attack involves specifying a path to a desired file together with dot-dot-slash characters, resulting in the file access API or function traversing out of the intended directory structure and into the root file system. By replacing or modifying the expected path information the access function or API retrieves the file desired by the attacker. These attacks either involve the attacker providing a complete path to a targeted file or using control characters (e.g. path separators (/ or \) and/or dots (.)) to reach desired directories or files.
CAPEC-64: Using Slashes and URL Encoding Combined to Bypass Validation Logic
This attack targets the encoding of the URL combined with the encoding of the slash characters. An attacker can take advantage of the multiple ways of encoding a URL and abuse the interpretation of the URL. A URL may contain special character that need special syntax handling in order to be interpreted. Special characters are represented using a percentage character followed by two digits representing the octet code of the original character (%HEX-CODE). For instance US-ASCII space character would be represented with %20. This is often referred as escaped ending or percent-encoding. Since the server decodes the URL from the requests, it may restrict the access to some URL paths by validating and filtering out the URL requests it received. An attacker will try to craft an URL with a sequence of special characters which once interpreted by the server will be equivalent to a forbidden URL. It can be difficult to protect against this attack since the URL can contain other format of encoding such as UTF-8 encoding, Unicode-encoding, etc.
CAPEC-76: Manipulating Web Input to File System Calls
An attacker manipulates inputs to the target software which the target software passes to file system calls in the OS. The goal is to gain access to, and perhaps modify, areas of the file system that the target software did not intend to be accessible.
CAPEC-78: Using Escaped Slashes in Alternate Encoding
This attack targets the use of the backslash in alternate encoding. An adversary can provide a backslash as a leading character and causes a parser to believe that the next character is special. This is called an escape. By using that trick, the adversary tries to exploit alternate ways to encode the same character which leads to filter problems and opens avenues to attack.
CAPEC-79: Using Slashes in Alternate Encoding
This attack targets the encoding of the Slash characters. An adversary would try to exploit common filtering problems related to the use of the slashes characters to gain access to resources on the target host. Directory-driven systems, such as file systems and databases, typically use the slash character to indicate traversal between directories or other container components. For murky historical reasons, PCs (and, as a result, Microsoft OSs) choose to use a backslash, whereas the UNIX world typically makes use of the forward slash. The schizophrenic result is that many MS-based systems are required to understand both forms of the slash. This gives the adversary many opportunities to discover and abuse a number of common filtering problems. The goal of this pattern is to discover server software that only applies filters to one version, but not the other.