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Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-125

Allowed

Out-of-bounds Read

Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft

The product reads data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.

12393 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-MW37-P938-G4HG

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-24 15:32 – Updated: 2026-04-27 15:30
VLAI
Details

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

rxrpc: fix RESPONSE authenticator parser OOB read

rxgk_verify_authenticator() copies auth_len bytes into a temporary buffer and then passes p + auth_len as the parser limit to rxgk_do_verify_authenticator(). Since p is a __be32 *, that inflates the parser end pointer by a factor of four and lets malformed RESPONSE authenticators read past the kmalloc() buffer.

Decoded from the original latest-net reproduction logs with scripts/decode_stacktrace.sh:

BUG: KASAN: slab-out-of-bounds in rxgk_verify_response() Call Trace: dump_stack_lvl() [lib/dump_stack.c:123] print_report() [mm/kasan/report.c:379 mm/kasan/report.c:482] kasan_report() [mm/kasan/report.c:597] rxgk_verify_response() [net/rxrpc/rxgk.c:1103 net/rxrpc/rxgk.c:1167 net/rxrpc/rxgk.c:1274] rxrpc_process_connection() [net/rxrpc/conn_event.c:266 net/rxrpc/conn_event.c:364 net/rxrpc/conn_event.c:386] process_one_work() [kernel/workqueue.c:3281] worker_thread() [kernel/workqueue.c:3353 kernel/workqueue.c:3440] kthread() [kernel/kthread.c:436] ret_from_fork() [arch/x86/kernel/process.c:164]

Allocated by task 54: rxgk_verify_response() [include/linux/slab.h:954 net/rxrpc/rxgk.c:1155 net/rxrpc/rxgk.c:1274] rxrpc_process_connection() [net/rxrpc/conn_event.c:266 net/rxrpc/conn_event.c:364 net/rxrpc/conn_event.c:386]

Convert the byte count to __be32 units before constructing the parser limit.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-31636"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-125"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-04-24T15:16:42Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nrxrpc: fix RESPONSE authenticator parser OOB read\n\nrxgk_verify_authenticator() copies auth_len bytes into a temporary\nbuffer and then passes p + auth_len as the parser limit to\nrxgk_do_verify_authenticator(). Since p is a __be32 *, that inflates the\nparser end pointer by a factor of four and lets malformed RESPONSE\nauthenticators read past the kmalloc() buffer.\n\nDecoded from the original latest-net reproduction logs with\nscripts/decode_stacktrace.sh:\n\nBUG: KASAN: slab-out-of-bounds in rxgk_verify_response()\nCall Trace:\n dump_stack_lvl() [lib/dump_stack.c:123]\n print_report() [mm/kasan/report.c:379 mm/kasan/report.c:482]\n kasan_report() [mm/kasan/report.c:597]\n rxgk_verify_response()\n   [net/rxrpc/rxgk.c:1103 net/rxrpc/rxgk.c:1167\n    net/rxrpc/rxgk.c:1274]\n rxrpc_process_connection()\n   [net/rxrpc/conn_event.c:266 net/rxrpc/conn_event.c:364\n    net/rxrpc/conn_event.c:386]\n process_one_work() [kernel/workqueue.c:3281]\n worker_thread()\n   [kernel/workqueue.c:3353 kernel/workqueue.c:3440]\n kthread() [kernel/kthread.c:436]\n ret_from_fork() [arch/x86/kernel/process.c:164]\n\nAllocated by task 54:\n rxgk_verify_response()\n   [include/linux/slab.h:954 net/rxrpc/rxgk.c:1155\n    net/rxrpc/rxgk.c:1274]\n rxrpc_process_connection()\n   [net/rxrpc/conn_event.c:266 net/rxrpc/conn_event.c:364\n    net/rxrpc/conn_event.c:386]\n\nConvert the byte count to __be32 units before constructing the parser\nlimit.",
  "id": "GHSA-mw37-p938-g4hg",
  "modified": "2026-04-27T15:30:46Z",
  "published": "2026-04-24T15:32:36Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-31636"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/20a188775a9a9982d1987e12660d9b44b40a6c99"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/3e3138007887504ee9206d0bfb5acb062c600025"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7875f3d9777bd4e9892c4db830571ab8ac2044c0"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-MW3G-H592-JP7P

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 02:12 – Updated: 2022-05-14 02:12
VLAI
Details

The TIFFWriteDirectoryTagLongLong8Array function in tif_dirwrite.c in the tiffset tool in LibTIFF 4.0.6 and earlier allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds read) via vectors involving the ma variable.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2016-3658"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-125"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2016-10-03T16:09:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "The TIFFWriteDirectoryTagLongLong8Array function in tif_dirwrite.c in the tiffset tool in LibTIFF 4.0.6 and earlier allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds read) via vectors involving the ma variable.",
  "id": "GHSA-mw3g-h592-jp7p",
  "modified": "2022-05-14T02:12:42Z",
  "published": "2022-05-14T02:12:42Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-3658"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/201701-16"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://bugzilla.maptools.org/show_bug.cgi?id=2546"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.debian.org/security/2017/dsa-3844"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2016/04/08/12"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/93331"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-MW63-Q92X-5P9W

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2021-12-16 00:01 – Updated: 2021-12-18 00:01
VLAI
Details

In toBARK of floor0.c, there is a possible out of bounds read due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to remote information disclosure with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android-12Android ID: A-199680600

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-0976"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-125"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-12-15T19:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "In toBARK of floor0.c, there is a possible out of bounds read due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to remote information disclosure with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android-12Android ID: A-199680600",
  "id": "GHSA-mw63-q92x-5p9w",
  "modified": "2021-12-18T00:01:29Z",
  "published": "2021-12-16T00:01:15Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-0976"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/pixel/2021-12-01"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-MW78-7W7Q-C746

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-09-14 21:31 – Updated: 2026-09-15 15:31
VLAI
Details

An out-of-bounds read was addressed with improved bounds checking. This issue is fixed in iOS 27 and iPadOS 27, macOS Golden Gate 27, tvOS 27, visionOS 27, watchOS 27. Processing a maliciously crafted font may result in the disclosure of process memory.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-84596"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-125"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-09-14T21:17:35Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "An out-of-bounds read was addressed with improved bounds checking. This issue is fixed in iOS 27 and iPadOS 27, macOS Golden Gate 27, tvOS 27, visionOS 27, watchOS 27. Processing a maliciously crafted font may result in the disclosure of process memory.",
  "id": "GHSA-mw78-7w7q-c746",
  "modified": "2026-09-15T15:31:54Z",
  "published": "2026-09-14T21:31:55Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-84596"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/149034"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/149035"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/149036"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/149037"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/149038"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-MW86-5PQ8-22C8

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-12-08 18:30 – Updated: 2025-12-08 21:30
VLAI
Details

In appendFrom of Parcel.cpp, there is a possible out of bounds read due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-48596"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-125"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-12-08T17:16:16Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "In appendFrom of Parcel.cpp, there is a possible out of bounds read due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.",
  "id": "GHSA-mw86-5pq8-22c8",
  "modified": "2025-12-08T21:30:20Z",
  "published": "2025-12-08T18:30:43Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-48596"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://android.googlesource.com/platform/frameworks/native/+/6ffdde944d4e0b440b1dfc1f232687299700e039"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/2025-12-01"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-MW8G-RGQF-RW5H

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:01 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:01
VLAI
Details

In the GNU C Library (aka glibc or libc6) through 2.29, proceed_next_node in posix/regexec.c has a heap-based buffer over-read via an attempted case-insensitive regular-expression match.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2019-9169"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-125"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2019-02-26T02:29:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "In the GNU C Library (aka glibc or libc6) through 2.29, proceed_next_node in posix/regexec.c has a heap-based buffer over-read via an attempted case-insensitive regular-expression match.",
  "id": "GHSA-mw8g-rgqf-rw5h",
  "modified": "2022-05-13T01:01:01Z",
  "published": "2022-05-13T01:01:00Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-9169"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://debbugs.gnu.org/cgi/bugreport.cgi?bug=34140"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://debbugs.gnu.org/cgi/bugreport.cgi?bug=34142"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://kc.mcafee.com/corporate/index?page=content\u0026id=SB10278"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202006-04"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20190315-0002"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=24114"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://sourceware.org/git/gitweb.cgi?p=glibc.git;a=commit;h=583dd860d5b833037175247230a328f0050dbfe9"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.f5.com/csp/article/K54823184"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/4416-1"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuapr2022.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/107160"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-MW9V-X4M4-66V4

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-04-10 15:30 – Updated: 2024-04-10 15:30
VLAI
Details

After Effects versions 24.1, 23.6.2 and earlier are affected by an out-of-bounds read vulnerability that could lead to disclosure of sensitive memory. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to bypass mitigations such as ASLR. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-20737"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-125"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-04-10T09:15:06Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "After Effects versions 24.1, 23.6.2 and earlier are affected by an out-of-bounds read vulnerability that could lead to disclosure of sensitive memory. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to bypass mitigations such as ASLR. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.",
  "id": "GHSA-mw9v-x4m4-66v4",
  "modified": "2024-04-10T15:30:39Z",
  "published": "2024-04-10T15:30:39Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-20737"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/after_effects/apsb24-09.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-MWF7-WFVQ-VC32

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-10-15 21:30 – Updated: 2025-03-24 15:30
VLAI
Details

In Libheif 1.17.6, insufficient checks in ImageOverlay::parse() decoding a heif file containing an overlay image with forged offsets can lead to an out-of-bounds read and write.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-41311"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-125"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-10-15T21:15:10Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "In Libheif 1.17.6, insufficient checks in ImageOverlay::parse() decoding a heif file containing an overlay image with forged offsets can lead to an out-of-bounds read and write.",
  "id": "GHSA-mwf7-wfvq-vc32",
  "modified": "2025-03-24T15:30:35Z",
  "published": "2024-10-15T21:30:39Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-41311"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/strukturag/libheif/issues/1226"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/strukturag/libheif/pull/1227"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/strukturag/libheif/commit/a3ed1b1eb178c5d651d6ac619c8da3d71ac2be36"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://gist.github.com/flyyee/79f1b224069842ee320115cafa5c35c0"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2024/10/msg00025.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-MWF8-8Q3H-4WP8

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:06 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:06
VLAI
Details

After Effects versions 18.0 (and earlier) are affected by an out-of-bounds read vulnerability that could lead to disclosure of sensitive memory. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to bypass mitigations such as ASLR. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-28587"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-125"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-06-28T14:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "After Effects versions 18.0 (and earlier) are affected by an out-of-bounds read vulnerability that could lead to disclosure of sensitive memory. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to bypass mitigations such as ASLR. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.",
  "id": "GHSA-mwf8-8q3h-4wp8",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T19:06:24Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T19:06:24Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-28587"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/after_effects/apsb21-33.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-MWFJ-CW48-Q48M

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:02 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:02
VLAI
Details

A flaw was found in libgit2 before version 0.27.3. A missing check in git_delta_apply function in delta.c file, may lead to an out-of-bound read while reading a binary delta file. An attacker may use this flaw to cause a Denial of Service.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2018-10888"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-125"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2018-07-10T14:29:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A flaw was found in libgit2 before version 0.27.3. A missing check in git_delta_apply function in delta.c file, may lead to an out-of-bound read while reading a binary delta file. An attacker may use this flaw to cause a Denial of Service.",
  "id": "GHSA-mwfj-cw48-q48m",
  "modified": "2022-05-13T01:02:09Z",
  "published": "2022-05-13T01:02:09Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-10888"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/libgit2/libgit2/commit/9844d38bed10e9ff17174434b3421b227ae710f3"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1598024"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/libgit2/libgit2/releases/tag/v0.27.3"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2018/08/msg00024.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2022/03/msg00031.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

  • Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
  • When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
  • Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
  • To reduce the likelihood of introducing an out-of-bounds read, ensure that you validate and ensure correct calculations for any length argument, buffer size calculation, or offset. Be especially careful of relying on a sentinel (i.e. special character such as NUL) in untrusted inputs.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Language Selection

Use a language that provides appropriate memory abstractions.

CAPEC-540: Overread Buffers

An adversary attacks a target by providing input that causes an application to read beyond the boundary of a defined buffer. This typically occurs when a value influencing where to start or stop reading is set to reflect positions outside of the valid memory location of the buffer. This type of attack may result in exposure of sensitive information, a system crash, or arbitrary code execution.