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Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-125

Allowed

Out-of-bounds Read

Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft

The product reads data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.

12353 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-MG9H-WCQM-M3MW

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:51 – Updated: 2025-11-25 18:32
VLAI
Details

When importing a curve25519 private key in PKCS#8format with leading 0x00 bytes, it is possible to trigger an out-of-bounds read in the Network Security Services (NSS) library. This could lead to information disclosure. This vulnerability affects Firefox ESR < 60.8, Firefox < 68, and Thunderbird < 60.8.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2019-11719"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-125"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2019-07-23T14:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "When importing a curve25519 private key in PKCS#8format with leading 0x00 bytes, it is possible to trigger an out-of-bounds read in the Network Security Services (NSS) library. This could lead to information disclosure. This vulnerability affects Firefox ESR \u003c 60.8, Firefox \u003c 68, and Thunderbird \u003c 60.8.",
  "id": "GHSA-mg9h-wcqm-m3mw",
  "modified": "2025-11-25T18:32:16Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T16:51:00Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-11719"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:1951"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1540541"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2020/09/msg00029.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/201908-12"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/201908-20"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2019-21"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2019-22"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2019-23"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-07/msg00055.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-07/msg00058.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-08/msg00073.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-10/msg00009.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-10/msg00010.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-MGC9-7RGJ-3H62

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 01:41 – Updated: 2022-05-14 01:41
VLAI
Details

An out of bounds read in PDFium in Google Chrome prior to 68.0.3440.75 allowed a remote attacker to perform an out of bounds memory read via a crafted PDF file.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2018-17461"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-125"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2019-01-09T19:29:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "An out of bounds read in PDFium in Google Chrome prior to 68.0.3440.75 allowed a remote attacker to perform an out of bounds memory read via a crafted PDF file.",
  "id": "GHSA-mgc9-7rgj-3h62",
  "modified": "2022-05-14T01:41:10Z",
  "published": "2022-05-14T01:41:10Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-17461"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2018/07/stable-channel-update-for-desktop.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://crbug.com/874359"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-MGF9-V7F6-C7W7

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-12-15 21:30 – Updated: 2022-12-19 21:30
VLAI
Details

The issue was addressed with improved memory handling. This issue is fixed in iOS 16.2 and iPadOS 16.2, tvOS 16.2. Parsing a maliciously crafted TIFF file may lead to disclosure of user information.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-42851"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-125"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-12-15T19:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "The issue was addressed with improved memory handling. This issue is fixed in iOS 16.2 and iPadOS 16.2, tvOS 16.2. Parsing a maliciously crafted TIFF file may lead to disclosure of user information.",
  "id": "GHSA-mgf9-v7f6-c7w7",
  "modified": "2022-12-19T21:30:28Z",
  "published": "2022-12-15T21:30:30Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-42851"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT213530"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT213535"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2022/Dec/20"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2022/Dec/26"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-MGG2-V3H3-2M84

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-02-11 21:32 – Updated: 2025-02-11 21:32
VLAI
Details

Tungsten Automation Power PDF JP2 File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Read Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Tungsten Automation Power PDF. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file.

The specific flaw exists within the parsing of JP2 files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in a read past the end of an allocated object. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-25567.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-12551"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-125"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-02-11T20:15:33Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Tungsten Automation Power PDF JP2 File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Read Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Tungsten Automation Power PDF. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file.\n\nThe specific flaw exists within the parsing of JP2 files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in a read past the end of an allocated object. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-25567.",
  "id": "GHSA-mgg2-v3h3-2m84",
  "modified": "2025-02-11T21:32:07Z",
  "published": "2025-02-11T21:32:07Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-12551"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-24-1677"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-MGH4-5FQ2-8HF7

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:59 – Updated: 2022-05-24 16:59
VLAI
Details

Adobe Acrobat and Reader versions , 2019.012.20040 and earlier, 2017.011.30148 and earlier, 2017.011.30148 and earlier, 2015.006.30503 and earlier, and 2015.006.30503 and earlier have an out-of-bounds read vulnerability. Successful exploitation could lead to information disclosure .

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2019-8185"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-125"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2019-10-17T21:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Adobe Acrobat and Reader versions , 2019.012.20040 and earlier, 2017.011.30148 and earlier, 2017.011.30148 and earlier, 2015.006.30503 and earlier, and 2015.006.30503 and earlier have an out-of-bounds read vulnerability. Successful exploitation could lead to information disclosure .",
  "id": "GHSA-mgh4-5fq2-8hf7",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T16:59:21Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T16:59:21Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-8185"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/acrobat/apsb19-49.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-MGH9-X48V-5VX9

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-31 00:30 – Updated: 2026-07-31 00:30
VLAI
Details

The MMS BER decoder contains a boundary-handling flaw in the processing of certain fields within confirmed-request messages. When a crafted BER-encoded element is received over an established MMS session (TCP port 102), the decoder may advance its internal read position incorrectly, leading to a heap out-of-bounds read. This condition causes the MMS handling process to terminate unexpectedly, resulting in a denial-of-service.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-63550"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-125"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-07-30T23:16:52Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "The MMS BER decoder contains a boundary-handling flaw in the processing \nof certain fields within confirmed-request messages. When a crafted \nBER-encoded element is received over an established MMS session (TCP \nport 102), the decoder may advance its internal read position \nincorrectly, leading to a heap out-of-bounds read. This condition causes\n the MMS handling process to terminate unexpectedly, resulting in a \ndenial-of-service.",
  "id": "GHSA-mgh9-x48v-5vx9",
  "modified": "2026-07-31T00:30:22Z",
  "published": "2026-07-31T00:30:22Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-63550"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/cisagov/CSAF/blob/develop/csaf_files/OT/white/2026/icsa-26-211-10.json"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/ics-advisories/icsa-26-211-10"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-MGHM-JR32-GFH3

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-09 18:30 – Updated: 2026-06-09 18:30
VLAI
Details

Out-of-bounds read in Microsoft Office Excel allows an unauthorized attacker to disclose information over a network.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-45455"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-125"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-06-09T17:17:19Z",
    "severity": "LOW"
  },
  "details": "Out-of-bounds read in Microsoft Office Excel allows an unauthorized attacker to disclose information over a network.",
  "id": "GHSA-mghm-jr32-gfh3",
  "modified": "2026-06-09T18:30:48Z",
  "published": "2026-06-09T18:30:48Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-45455"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-45455"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-MGHW-9PVJ-GCQJ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-07-06 21:14 – Updated: 2024-04-04 05:41
VLAI
Details

An arbitrary code execution vulnerability contained in Rockwell Automation's Arena Simulation software was reported that could potentially allow a malicious user to commit unauthorized arbitrary code to the software by using a memory buffer overflow in the heap.

potentially resulting in a complete loss of confidentiality, integrity, and availability.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-29461"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-125"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-05-09T14:15:13Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "An arbitrary code execution vulnerability contained in Rockwell Automation\u0027s Arena Simulation software was reported that could potentially allow a malicious user to commit unauthorized arbitrary code to the software by using a memory buffer overflow in the heap. \n\n potentially\u00a0resulting in a complete loss of confidentiality, integrity, and availability.\n",
  "id": "GHSA-mghw-9pvj-gcqj",
  "modified": "2024-04-04T05:41:38Z",
  "published": "2023-07-06T21:14:55Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-29461"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://rockwellautomation.custhelp.com/app/answers/answer_view/a_id/1139391"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-MGJX-CQ94-RWCV

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-08-13 18:31 – Updated: 2024-08-13 18:31
VLAI
Details

Insufficient input validation in the ABL may allow a privileged attacker with access to the BIOS menu or UEFI shell to tamper with the structure headers in SPI ROM causing an out of bounds memory read and write, potentially resulting in memory corruption or denial of service.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-46772"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-125"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-08-13T17:15:17Z",
    "severity": "LOW"
  },
  "details": "Insufficient input validation in the ABL may allow a privileged\nattacker with access to the BIOS menu or UEFI shell to tamper with the\nstructure headers in SPI ROM causing an out of bounds memory read and write,\npotentially resulting in memory corruption or denial of service.",
  "id": "GHSA-mgjx-cq94-rwcv",
  "modified": "2024-08-13T18:31:15Z",
  "published": "2024-08-13T18:31:15Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-46772"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.amd.com/en/resources/product-security/bulletin/amd-sb-3003.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.amd.com/en/resources/product-security/bulletin/amd-sb-4004.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.amd.com/en/resources/product-security/bulletin/amd-sb-5002.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:L/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-MGM5-5XFM-4R2P

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-09-09 18:31 – Updated: 2025-09-09 18:31
VLAI
Details

Out-of-bounds read in Windows Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS) allows an unauthorized attacker to disclose information over a network.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-54095"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-125"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-09-09T17:15:53Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Out-of-bounds read in Windows Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS) allows an unauthorized attacker to disclose information over a network.",
  "id": "GHSA-mgm5-5xfm-4r2p",
  "modified": "2025-09-09T18:31:20Z",
  "published": "2025-09-09T18:31:20Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-54095"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-54095"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

  • Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
  • When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
  • Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
  • To reduce the likelihood of introducing an out-of-bounds read, ensure that you validate and ensure correct calculations for any length argument, buffer size calculation, or offset. Be especially careful of relying on a sentinel (i.e. special character such as NUL) in untrusted inputs.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Language Selection

Use a language that provides appropriate memory abstractions.

CAPEC-540: Overread Buffers

An adversary attacks a target by providing input that causes an application to read beyond the boundary of a defined buffer. This typically occurs when a value influencing where to start or stop reading is set to reflect positions outside of the valid memory location of the buffer. This type of attack may result in exposure of sensitive information, a system crash, or arbitrary code execution.