Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-125
AllowedOut-of-bounds Read
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product reads data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
11886 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-HJV9-2V6W-8WP3
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:12 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:12
VLAI
Details
A denial of service in the subtitle decoder in FFmpeg 3.2 and 4.1 allows attackers to hog the CPU via a crafted video file in Matroska format, because handle_open_brace in libavcodec/htmlsubtitles.c has a complex format argument to sscanf.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-9721"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-03-12T09:29:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A denial of service in the subtitle decoder in FFmpeg 3.2 and 4.1 allows attackers to hog the CPU via a crafted video file in Matroska format, because handle_open_brace in libavcodec/htmlsubtitles.c has a complex format argument to sscanf.",
"id": "GHSA-hjv9-2v6w-8wp3",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:12:16Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:12:16Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-9721"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/FFmpeg/FFmpeg/commit/273f2755ce8635d42da3cde0eeba15b2e7842774"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.ffmpeg.org/gitweb/ffmpeg.git/commit/894995c41e0795c7a44f81adc4838dedc3932e65"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/3967-1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/107384"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-HJV9-JRQR-9CX4
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-09-17 00:00 – Updated: 2022-09-17 00:00
VLAI
Details
Adobe InDesign versions 16.4.2 (and earlier) and 17.3 (and earlier) are affected by an out-of-bounds read vulnerability that could lead to disclosure of sensitive memory. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to bypass mitigations such as ASLR. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.
Severity
5.5 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-30676"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-09-16T18:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Adobe InDesign versions 16.4.2 (and earlier) and 17.3 (and earlier) are affected by an out-of-bounds read vulnerability that could lead to disclosure of sensitive memory. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to bypass mitigations such as ASLR. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.",
"id": "GHSA-hjv9-jrqr-9cx4",
"modified": "2022-09-17T00:00:32Z",
"published": "2022-09-17T00:00:32Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-30676"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/indesign/apsb22-50.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-HJVH-379X-4G57
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-08 18:31 – Updated: 2026-07-08 21:30
VLAI
Details
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
clk: microchip: mpfs-ccc: fix out of bounds access during output registration
UBSAN reported an out of bounds access during registration of the last two outputs. This out of bounds access occurs because space is only allocated in the hws array for two PLLs and the four output dividers that each has, but the defined IDs contain two DLLS and their two outputs each, which are not supported by the driver. The ID order is PLLs -> DLLs -> PLL outputs -> DLL outputs. Decrement the PLL output IDs by two while adding them to the array to avoid the problem.
Severity
7.1 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-46293"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-08T17:16:47Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nclk: microchip: mpfs-ccc: fix out of bounds access during output registration\n\nUBSAN reported an out of bounds access during registration of the last\ntwo outputs. This out of bounds access occurs because space is only\nallocated in the hws array for two PLLs and the four output dividers\nthat each has, but the defined IDs contain two DLLS and their two\noutputs each, which are not supported by the driver. The ID order is\nPLLs -\u003e DLLs -\u003e PLL outputs -\u003e DLL outputs. Decrement the PLL output IDs\nby two while adding them to the array to avoid the problem.",
"id": "GHSA-hjvh-379x-4g57",
"modified": "2026-07-08T21:30:21Z",
"published": "2026-06-08T18:31:52Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-46293"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2f7ae8ab6aa73daaf080d5332110357c29df9c36"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/47bc7a03449c39805bc2665d3e57c73195d5bcf8"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9ed9b580a814773482c0a4f1be045636e68cc109"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a0780aeea166a7cf4706c45af4cadbb2a43a1fc9"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/dbfcb09656cb30439577325c9dea2250203c2e3c"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f24efd415455b98a1f1cfc6071fe6fde71986706"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-HJX2-GRP5-HC9F
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-09 18:30 – Updated: 2026-06-09 18:30
VLAI
Details
Out-of-bounds read in Windows Telephony Service allows an authorized attacker to disclose information locally.
Severity
5.5 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-42968"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-09T17:17:12Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Out-of-bounds read in Windows Telephony Service allows an authorized attacker to disclose information locally.",
"id": "GHSA-hjx2-grp5-hc9f",
"modified": "2026-06-09T18:30:45Z",
"published": "2026-06-09T18:30:45Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-42968"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-42968"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-HJXM-3RR5-32VP
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-05-03 03:31 – Updated: 2024-05-03 03:31
VLAI
Details
PDF-XChange Editor J2K File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Read Information Disclosure Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to disclose sensitive information on affected installations of PDF-XChange Editor. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file.
The specific flaw exists within the parsing of J2K files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in a read past the end of an allocated object. An attacker can leverage this in conjunction with other vulnerabilities to execute arbitrary code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-20974.
Severity
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-42066"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-05-03T03:15:41Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "PDF-XChange Editor J2K File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Read Information Disclosure Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to disclose sensitive information on affected installations of PDF-XChange Editor. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file.\n\nThe specific flaw exists within the parsing of J2K files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in a read past the end of an allocated object. An attacker can leverage this in conjunction with other vulnerabilities to execute arbitrary code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-20974.",
"id": "GHSA-hjxm-3rr5-32vp",
"modified": "2024-05-03T03:31:01Z",
"published": "2024-05-03T03:31:01Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-42066"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.tracker-software.com/support/security-bulletins.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-23-1344"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-HM2M-FP4W-5P57
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-10-09 09:31 – Updated: 2024-10-09 09:31
VLAI
Details
Substance3D - Painter versions 10.0.1 and earlier are affected by an out-of-bounds read vulnerability that could lead to disclosure of sensitive memory. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to bypass mitigations such as ASLR. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.
Severity
5.5 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-20787"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-10-09T09:15:05Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Substance3D - Painter versions 10.0.1 and earlier are affected by an out-of-bounds read vulnerability that could lead to disclosure of sensitive memory. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to bypass mitigations such as ASLR. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.",
"id": "GHSA-hm2m-fp4w-5p57",
"modified": "2024-10-09T09:31:35Z",
"published": "2024-10-09T09:31:35Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-20787"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/substance3d_painter/apsb24-52.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-HM2W-8XWC-GPV5
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 03:15 – Updated: 2022-05-14 03:15
VLAI
Details
The avr_op_analyze() function in radare2 2.5.0 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (heap-based out-of-bounds read and application crash) via a crafted binary file.
Severity
5.5 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-11377"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-05-22T19:29:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The avr_op_analyze() function in radare2 2.5.0 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (heap-based out-of-bounds read and application crash) via a crafted binary file.",
"id": "GHSA-hm2w-8xwc-gpv5",
"modified": "2022-05-14T03:15:59Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T03:15:59Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-11377"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/radare/radare2/issues/9901"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/radare/radare2/commit/25a3703ef2e015bbe1d1f16f6b2f63bb10dd34f4"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/radare/radare2/commit/b35530fa0681b27eba084de5527037ebfb397422"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-HM2W-GJ6X-7H5R
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 01:12 – Updated: 2022-05-14 01:12
VLAI
Details
An out-of-bounds read issue existed that led to the disclosure of kernel memory. This was addressed with improved input validation. This issue affected versions prior to iOS 11.4.1, tvOS 11.4.1, watchOS 4.3.2.
Severity
5.5 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-4282"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-04-03T18:29:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "An out-of-bounds read issue existed that led to the disclosure of kernel memory. This was addressed with improved input validation. This issue affected versions prior to iOS 11.4.1, tvOS 11.4.1, watchOS 4.3.2.",
"id": "GHSA-hm2w-gj6x-7h5r",
"modified": "2022-05-14T01:12:48Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T01:12:48Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-4282"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/kb/HT208935"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/kb/HT208936"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/kb/HT208938"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-HM4J-PHFX-JRX8
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 03:11 – Updated: 2022-05-14 03:11
VLAI
Details
There is a heap out of bounds read in radare2 2.6.0 in _6502_op() in libr/anal/p/anal_6502.c via a crafted iNES ROM binary file.
Severity
5.5 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-12322"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-06-13T16:29:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "There is a heap out of bounds read in radare2 2.6.0 in _6502_op() in libr/anal/p/anal_6502.c via a crafted iNES ROM binary file.",
"id": "GHSA-hm4j-phfx-jrx8",
"modified": "2022-05-14T03:11:12Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T03:11:12Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-12322"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/radare/radare2/issues/10294"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/radare/radare2/commit/bbb4af56003c1afdad67af0c4339267ca38b1017"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-HM4X-R5HC-794F
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-08-25 15:53 – Updated: 2025-11-03 21:34
VLAI
Summary
ImageMagick has a Heap Buffer Overflow in InterpretImageFilename
Details
Heap Buffer Overflow in InterpretImageFilename
Summary
A heap buffer overflow was identified in the InterpretImageFilename function of ImageMagick. The issue stems from an off-by-one error that causes out-of-bounds memory access when processing format strings containing consecutive percent signs (%%).
Environment
- OS: Arch Linux (Linux gmkhost 6.14.2-arch1-1 # 1 SMP PREEMPT_DYNAMIC Thu, 10 Apr 2025 18:43:59 +0000 x86_64 GNU/Linux (GNU libc) 2.41)
- Architecture: x86_64
- Compiler: gcc (GCC) 15.1.1 20250425
Reproduction
Build Instructions
# Clone the repository
git clone https://github.com/ImageMagick/ImageMagick.git
cd ImageMagick
git reset --hard 8fff9b4f44d2e8b5cae2bd6db70930a144d15f12
# Build with AddressSanitizer
export CFLAGS="-fsanitize=address -g -O1"
export CXXFLAGS="-fsanitize=address -g -O1"
export LDFLAGS="-fsanitizer=address"
./configure
make
# Set library path and trigger the crash
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH="$(pwd)/MagickWand/.libs:$(pwd)/MagickCore/.libs:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH"
./utilities/.libs/magick %% a
Minimum Trigger
./utilities/.libs/magick %% [any_output_filename]
Crash Analysis
AddressSanitizer Output
$ ./utilities/.libs/magick %% a
=================================================================
==2227694==ERROR: AddressSanitizer: heap-buffer-overflow on address 0x7037f99e3ad3 at pc 0x741801e81a17 bp 0x7ffd22fa4e00 sp 0x7ffd22fa45b8
READ of size 1 at 0x7037f99e3ad3 thread T0
#0 0x741801e81a16 in strchr /usr/src/debug/gcc/gcc/libsanitizer/sanitizer_common/sanitizer_common_interceptors.inc:746
#1 0x7418013b4f06 in InterpretImageFilename MagickCore/image.c:1674
#2 0x7418012826a3 in ReadImages MagickCore/constitute.c:1040
#3 0x741800e4696b in CLINoImageOperator MagickWand/operation.c:4959
#4 0x741800e64de7 in CLIOption MagickWand/operation.c:5473
#5 0x741800d92edf in ProcessCommandOptions MagickWand/magick-cli.c:653
#6 0x741800d94816 in MagickImageCommand MagickWand/magick-cli.c:1392
#7 0x741800d913e4 in MagickCommandGenesis MagickWand/magick-cli.c:177
#8 0x5ef7a3546638 in MagickMain utilities/magick.c:162
#9 0x5ef7a3546872 in main utilities/magick.c:193
#10 0x7417ff53f6b4 (/usr/lib/libc.so.6+0x276b4) (BuildId: 468e3585c794491a48ea75fceb9e4d6b1464fc35)
#11 0x7417ff53f768 in __libc_start_main (/usr/lib/libc.so.6+0x27768) (BuildId: 468e3585c794491a48ea75fceb9e4d6b1464fc35)
#12 0x5ef7a3546204 in _start (/home/kforfk/workspace/fuzz_analysis/saigen/ImageMagick/utilities/.libs/magick+0x2204) (BuildId: 96677b60628cf297eaedb3eb17b87000d29403f2)
0x7037f99e3ad3 is located 0 bytes after 3-byte region [0x7037f99e3ad0,0x7037f99e3ad3)
allocated by thread T0 here:
#0 0x741801f20e15 in malloc /usr/src/debug/gcc/gcc/libsanitizer/asan/asan_malloc_linux.cpp:67
#1 0x7418013e86bc in AcquireMagickMemory MagickCore/memory.c:559
SUMMARY: AddressSanitizer: heap-buffer-overflow MagickCore/image.c:1674 in InterpretImageFilename
Shadow bytes around the buggy address:
0x7037f99e3800: fa fa 07 fa fa fa 00 fa fa fa fd fa fa fa fd fa
0x7037f99e3880: fa fa 07 fa fa fa 00 fa fa fa fd fa fa fa fd fa
0x7037f99e3900: fa fa 07 fa fa fa 00 fa fa fa fd fa fa fa fd fa
0x7037f99e3980: fa fa 07 fa fa fa 00 fa fa fa fd fa fa fa fd fa
0x7037f99e3a00: fa fa 07 fa fa fa fd fa fa fa fd fa fa fa 00 04
=>0x7037f99e3a80: fa fa 00 04 fa fa 00 00 fa fa[03]fa fa fa 03 fa
0x7037f99e3b00: fa fa 00 01 fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa
0x7037f99e3b80: fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa
0x7037f99e3c00: fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa
0x7037f99e3c80: fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa
0x7037f99e3d00: fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa
Shadow byte legend (one shadow byte represents 8 application bytes):
Addressable: 00
Partially addressable: 01 02 03 04 05 06 07
Heap left redzone: fa
Freed heap region: fd
Stack left redzone: f1
Stack mid redzone: f2
Stack right redzone: f3
Stack after return: f5
Stack use after scope: f8
Global redzone: f9
Global init order: f6
Poisoned by user: f7
Container overflow: fc
Array cookie: ac
Intra object redzone: bb
ASan internal: fe
Left alloca redzone: ca
Right alloca redzone: cb
==2227694==ABORTING
Root Cause Analysis
The first command line argument is interpreted as MagickImageCommand:
https://github.com/ImageMagick/ImageMagick/blob/8fff9b4f44d2e8b5cae2bd6db70930a144d15f12/utilities/magick.c#L83
const CommandInfo
MagickCommands[] =
{
MagickCommandSize("magick", MagickFalse, MagickImageCommand),
It is invoked here: https://github.com/ImageMagick/ImageMagick/blob/8fff9b4f44d2e8b5cae2bd6db70930a144d15f12/MagickWand/magick-cli.c#L220
status=command(image_info,argc,argv,&text,exception);
The execution then follows this path: - https://github.com/ImageMagick/ImageMagick/blob/8fff9b4f44d2e8b5cae2bd6db70930a144d15f12/MagickWand/magick-cli.c#L1387 - https://github.com/ImageMagick/ImageMagick/blob/8fff9b4f44d2e8b5cae2bd6db70930a144d15f12/MagickWand/magick-cli.c#L586 - https://github.com/ImageMagick/ImageMagick/blob/8fff9b4f44d2e8b5cae2bd6db70930a144d15f12/MagickWand/magick-cli.c#L419 - https://github.com/ImageMagick/ImageMagick/blob/8fff9b4f44d2e8b5cae2bd6db70930a144d15f12/MagickWand/operation.c#L5391 - https://github.com/ImageMagick/ImageMagick/blob/8fff9b4f44d2e8b5cae2bd6db70930a144d15f12/MagickWand/operation.c#L5473 - https://github.com/ImageMagick/ImageMagick/blob/8fff9b4f44d2e8b5cae2bd6db70930a144d15f12/MagickWand/operation.c#L4959 - https://github.com/ImageMagick/ImageMagick/blob/8fff9b4f44d2e8b5cae2bd6db70930a144d15f12/MagickCore/constitute.c#L1009 - https://github.com/ImageMagick/ImageMagick/blob/8fff9b4f44d2e8b5cae2bd6db70930a144d15f12/MagickCore/constitute.c#L1039 - https://github.com/ImageMagick/ImageMagick/blob/8fff9b4f44d2e8b5cae2bd6db70930a144d15f12/MagickCore/image.c#L1649 - https://github.com/ImageMagick/ImageMagick/blob/8fff9b4f44d2e8b5cae2bd6db70930a144d15f12/MagickCore/image.c#L1674
The execution eventually reaches InterpretImageFilename and enters a loop. The format variable here is "%%". At this point, it is safe to access *(format + 2) but not safe to access *(format + 3).
for (p=strchr(format,'%'); p != (char *) NULL; p=strchr(p+1,'%'))
{
q=(char *) p+1;
if (*q == '%')
{
p=q+1;
continue;
}
The first strchr call returns a pointer equal to format and assigns it to p. Then q is initialized with p + 1 (format + 1), and *q is '%', so the code enters the if branch. Here, p is reassigned to q + 1 (format + 2).
In the next iteration, p + 1 (format + 3) is passed to strchr, and when strchr accesses it, this causes an out-of-bounds read.
Severity
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q16-AnyCPU"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.7.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q16-HDRI-AnyCPU"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.7.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q16-HDRI-OpenMP-arm64"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.7.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q16-HDRI-OpenMP-x64"
},
"ranges": [
{
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{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
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}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q16-HDRI-arm64"
},
"ranges": [
{
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{
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{
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}
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}
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},
{
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"name": "Magick.NET-Q16-HDRI-x64"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.7.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q16-HDRI-x86"
},
"ranges": [
{
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{
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{
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}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
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"name": "Magick.NET-Q16-OpenMP-arm64"
},
"ranges": [
{
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{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
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}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q16-OpenMP-x64"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
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}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q16-arm64"
},
"ranges": [
{
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{
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"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q16-x64"
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{
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{
"package": {
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"name": "Magick.NET-Q8-AnyCPU"
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{
"package": {
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"name": "Magick.NET-Q8-arm64"
},
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{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q8-x64"
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{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q8-x86"
},
"ranges": [
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{
"introduced": "0"
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{
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],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
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]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-53014"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125",
"CWE-193"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2025-08-25T15:53:34Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2025-07-14T18:15:23Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "# Heap Buffer Overflow in InterpretImageFilename\n\n## Summary\nA heap buffer overflow was identified in the `InterpretImageFilename` function of ImageMagick. The issue stems from an off-by-one error that causes out-of-bounds memory access when processing format strings containing consecutive percent signs (`%%`).\n\n## Environment\n- **OS**: Arch Linux (Linux gmkhost 6.14.2-arch1-1 # 1 SMP PREEMPT_DYNAMIC Thu, 10 Apr 2025 18:43:59 +0000 x86_64 GNU/Linux (GNU libc) 2.41)\n- **Architecture**: x86_64\n- **Compiler**: gcc (GCC) 15.1.1 20250425\n\n## Reproduction\n\n### Build Instructions\n```bash\n# Clone the repository\ngit clone https://github.com/ImageMagick/ImageMagick.git\ncd ImageMagick\ngit reset --hard 8fff9b4f44d2e8b5cae2bd6db70930a144d15f12\n\n# Build with AddressSanitizer\nexport CFLAGS=\"-fsanitize=address -g -O1\"\nexport CXXFLAGS=\"-fsanitize=address -g -O1\"\nexport LDFLAGS=\"-fsanitizer=address\"\n./configure\nmake\n\n# Set library path and trigger the crash\nexport LD_LIBRARY_PATH=\"$(pwd)/MagickWand/.libs:$(pwd)/MagickCore/.libs:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH\"\n./utilities/.libs/magick %% a\n```\n\n### Minimum Trigger\n```bash\n./utilities/.libs/magick %% [any_output_filename]\n```\n\n## Crash Analysis\n\n### AddressSanitizer Output\n```\n$ ./utilities/.libs/magick %% a\n=================================================================\n==2227694==ERROR: AddressSanitizer: heap-buffer-overflow on address 0x7037f99e3ad3 at pc 0x741801e81a17 bp 0x7ffd22fa4e00 sp 0x7ffd22fa45b8\nREAD of size 1 at 0x7037f99e3ad3 thread T0\n #0 0x741801e81a16 in strchr /usr/src/debug/gcc/gcc/libsanitizer/sanitizer_common/sanitizer_common_interceptors.inc:746\n #1 0x7418013b4f06 in InterpretImageFilename MagickCore/image.c:1674\n #2 0x7418012826a3 in ReadImages MagickCore/constitute.c:1040\n #3 0x741800e4696b in CLINoImageOperator MagickWand/operation.c:4959\n #4 0x741800e64de7 in CLIOption MagickWand/operation.c:5473\n #5 0x741800d92edf in ProcessCommandOptions MagickWand/magick-cli.c:653\n #6 0x741800d94816 in MagickImageCommand MagickWand/magick-cli.c:1392\n #7 0x741800d913e4 in MagickCommandGenesis MagickWand/magick-cli.c:177\n #8 0x5ef7a3546638 in MagickMain utilities/magick.c:162\n #9 0x5ef7a3546872 in main utilities/magick.c:193\n #10 0x7417ff53f6b4 (/usr/lib/libc.so.6+0x276b4) (BuildId: 468e3585c794491a48ea75fceb9e4d6b1464fc35)\n #11 0x7417ff53f768 in __libc_start_main (/usr/lib/libc.so.6+0x27768) (BuildId: 468e3585c794491a48ea75fceb9e4d6b1464fc35)\n #12 0x5ef7a3546204 in _start (/home/kforfk/workspace/fuzz_analysis/saigen/ImageMagick/utilities/.libs/magick+0x2204) (BuildId: 96677b60628cf297eaedb3eb17b87000d29403f2)\n\n0x7037f99e3ad3 is located 0 bytes after 3-byte region [0x7037f99e3ad0,0x7037f99e3ad3)\nallocated by thread T0 here:\n #0 0x741801f20e15 in malloc /usr/src/debug/gcc/gcc/libsanitizer/asan/asan_malloc_linux.cpp:67\n #1 0x7418013e86bc in AcquireMagickMemory MagickCore/memory.c:559\n\nSUMMARY: AddressSanitizer: heap-buffer-overflow MagickCore/image.c:1674 in InterpretImageFilename\nShadow bytes around the buggy address:\n 0x7037f99e3800: fa fa 07 fa fa fa 00 fa fa fa fd fa fa fa fd fa\n 0x7037f99e3880: fa fa 07 fa fa fa 00 fa fa fa fd fa fa fa fd fa\n 0x7037f99e3900: fa fa 07 fa fa fa 00 fa fa fa fd fa fa fa fd fa\n 0x7037f99e3980: fa fa 07 fa fa fa 00 fa fa fa fd fa fa fa fd fa\n 0x7037f99e3a00: fa fa 07 fa fa fa fd fa fa fa fd fa fa fa 00 04\n=\u003e0x7037f99e3a80: fa fa 00 04 fa fa 00 00 fa fa[03]fa fa fa 03 fa\n 0x7037f99e3b00: fa fa 00 01 fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa\n 0x7037f99e3b80: fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa\n 0x7037f99e3c00: fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa\n 0x7037f99e3c80: fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa\n 0x7037f99e3d00: fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa\nShadow byte legend (one shadow byte represents 8 application bytes):\n Addressable: 00\n Partially addressable: 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 \n Heap left redzone: fa\n Freed heap region: fd\n Stack left redzone: f1\n Stack mid redzone: f2\n Stack right redzone: f3\n Stack after return: f5\n Stack use after scope: f8\n Global redzone: f9\n Global init order: f6\n Poisoned by user: f7\n Container overflow: fc\n Array cookie: ac\n Intra object redzone: bb\n ASan internal: fe\n Left alloca redzone: ca\n Right alloca redzone: cb\n==2227694==ABORTING\n```\n\n## Root Cause Analysis\nThe first command line argument is interpreted as `MagickImageCommand`:\nhttps://github.com/ImageMagick/ImageMagick/blob/8fff9b4f44d2e8b5cae2bd6db70930a144d15f12/utilities/magick.c#L83\n```c\nconst CommandInfo\n MagickCommands[] =\n {\n MagickCommandSize(\"magick\", MagickFalse, MagickImageCommand),\n```\n\nIt is invoked here:\nhttps://github.com/ImageMagick/ImageMagick/blob/8fff9b4f44d2e8b5cae2bd6db70930a144d15f12/MagickWand/magick-cli.c#L220\n```c\nstatus=command(image_info,argc,argv,\u0026text,exception);\n```\n\nThe execution then follows this path:\n- https://github.com/ImageMagick/ImageMagick/blob/8fff9b4f44d2e8b5cae2bd6db70930a144d15f12/MagickWand/magick-cli.c#L1387\n- https://github.com/ImageMagick/ImageMagick/blob/8fff9b4f44d2e8b5cae2bd6db70930a144d15f12/MagickWand/magick-cli.c#L586\n- https://github.com/ImageMagick/ImageMagick/blob/8fff9b4f44d2e8b5cae2bd6db70930a144d15f12/MagickWand/magick-cli.c#L419\n- https://github.com/ImageMagick/ImageMagick/blob/8fff9b4f44d2e8b5cae2bd6db70930a144d15f12/MagickWand/operation.c#L5391\n- https://github.com/ImageMagick/ImageMagick/blob/8fff9b4f44d2e8b5cae2bd6db70930a144d15f12/MagickWand/operation.c#L5473\n- https://github.com/ImageMagick/ImageMagick/blob/8fff9b4f44d2e8b5cae2bd6db70930a144d15f12/MagickWand/operation.c#L4959\n- https://github.com/ImageMagick/ImageMagick/blob/8fff9b4f44d2e8b5cae2bd6db70930a144d15f12/MagickCore/constitute.c#L1009\n- https://github.com/ImageMagick/ImageMagick/blob/8fff9b4f44d2e8b5cae2bd6db70930a144d15f12/MagickCore/constitute.c#L1039\n- https://github.com/ImageMagick/ImageMagick/blob/8fff9b4f44d2e8b5cae2bd6db70930a144d15f12/MagickCore/image.c#L1649\n- https://github.com/ImageMagick/ImageMagick/blob/8fff9b4f44d2e8b5cae2bd6db70930a144d15f12/MagickCore/image.c#L1674\n\nThe execution eventually reaches `InterpretImageFilename` and enters a loop. The `format` variable here is `\"%%\"`. At this point, it is safe to access `*(format + 2)` but not safe to access `*(format + 3)`.\n\n```c\nfor (p=strchr(format,\u0027%\u0027); p != (char *) NULL; p=strchr(p+1,\u0027%\u0027))\n{\n q=(char *) p+1;\n if (*q == \u0027%\u0027)\n {\n p=q+1;\n continue;\n }\n```\n\nThe first `strchr` call returns a pointer equal to `format` and assigns it to `p`. Then `q` is initialized with `p + 1` (`format + 1`), and `*q` is `\u0027%\u0027`, so the code enters the if branch. Here, `p` is reassigned to `q + 1` (`format + 2`).\n\nIn the next iteration, `p + 1` (`format + 3`) is passed to `strchr`, and when `strchr` accesses it, this causes an out-of-bounds read.",
"id": "GHSA-hm4x-r5hc-794f",
"modified": "2025-11-03T21:34:06Z",
"published": "2025-08-25T15:53:34Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/ImageMagick/ImageMagick/security/advisories/GHSA-hm4x-r5hc-794f"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-53014"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/ImageMagick/ImageMagick/commit/29d82726c7ec20c07c49ba263bdcea16c2618e03"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/ImageMagick/ImageMagick6/commit/79b6ed03770781d996d1710b89fbb887e5ea758a"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/ImageMagick/ImageMagick"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/dlemstra/Magick.NET/releases/tag/14.7.0"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/09/msg00012.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "ImageMagick has a Heap Buffer Overflow in InterpretImageFilename"
}
Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- To reduce the likelihood of introducing an out-of-bounds read, ensure that you validate and ensure correct calculations for any length argument, buffer size calculation, or offset. Be especially careful of relying on a sentinel (i.e. special character such as NUL) in untrusted inputs.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Language Selection
Use a language that provides appropriate memory abstractions.
CAPEC-540: Overread Buffers
An adversary attacks a target by providing input that causes an application to read beyond the boundary of a defined buffer. This typically occurs when a value influencing where to start or stop reading is set to reflect positions outside of the valid memory location of the buffer. This type of attack may result in exposure of sensitive information, a system crash, or arbitrary code execution.