Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-125
AllowedOut-of-bounds Read
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product reads data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
11813 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-FH2P-QW35-Q7R4
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-04-13 09:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 03:26
VLAI
Details
Information disclosure in Modem due to buffer over-read while receiving a IP header with malformed length.
Severity
7.5 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-33291"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125",
"CWE-126"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-04-13T07:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Information disclosure in Modem due to buffer over-read while receiving a IP header with malformed length.",
"id": "GHSA-fh2p-qw35-q7r4",
"modified": "2024-04-04T03:26:14Z",
"published": "2023-04-13T09:30:19Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-33291"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.qualcomm.com/company/product-security/bulletins/april-2023-bulletin"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-FH3V-P8R7-F9P8
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-04-08 18:34 – Updated: 2025-04-08 18:34
VLAI
Details
Out-of-bounds read in Windows NTFS allows an unauthorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-27733"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-04-08T18:16:01Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Out-of-bounds read in Windows NTFS allows an unauthorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.",
"id": "GHSA-fh3v-p8r7-f9p8",
"modified": "2025-04-08T18:34:52Z",
"published": "2025-04-08T18:34:52Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-27733"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-27733"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-FH6G-R8PF-WQGW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-27 15:33 – Updated: 2026-05-27 15:33
VLAI
Details
libusb before version 1.0.30 contains a one-byte out-of-bounds read vulnerability in parse_iad_array() in descriptor.c that allows attackers to trigger a denial of service by supplying a malformed USB descriptor whose bLength equals size minus one, causing the bounds check to use the original buffer size instead of the remaining size. Attackers in virtualized environments with USB passthrough can supply crafted descriptors through libusb_get_active_interface_association_descriptors or libusb_get_interface_association_descriptors to read one byte past the end of the malloc allocation, resulting in a denial of service.
Severity
4.0 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-47104"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-05-27T14:17:32Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "libusb before version 1.0.30 contains a one-byte out-of-bounds read vulnerability in parse_iad_array() in descriptor.c that allows attackers to trigger a denial of service by supplying a malformed USB descriptor whose bLength equals size minus one, causing the bounds check to use the original buffer size instead of the remaining size. Attackers in virtualized environments with USB passthrough can supply crafted descriptors through libusb_get_active_interface_association_descriptors or libusb_get_interface_association_descriptors to read one byte past the end of the malloc allocation, resulting in a denial of service.",
"id": "GHSA-fh6g-r8pf-wqgw",
"modified": "2026-05-27T15:33:24Z",
"published": "2026-05-27T15:33:24Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-47104"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/libusb/libusb/issues/1813"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/libusb/libusb/pull/1814"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/libusb/libusb/commit/578ab76b4c434f8b204137ab6d7310689c7a9704"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/libusb/libusb/releases/tag/v1.0.30"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/libusb-out-of-bounds-read-in-parse-iad-array"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-FH7P-54P9-7JVR
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-05-03 03:30 – Updated: 2024-05-03 03:30
VLAI
Details
PDF-XChange Editor util Out-Of-Bounds Read Information Disclosure Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to disclose sensitive information on affected installations of PDF-XChange Editor. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file.
The specific flaw exists within the handling of util objects. By performing actions in JavaScript, an attacker can trigger a read past the end of an allocated object. An attacker can leverage this in conjunction with other vulnerabilities to execute arbitrary code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-19483.
Severity
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-39487"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-05-03T03:15:15Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "PDF-XChange Editor util Out-Of-Bounds Read Information Disclosure Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to disclose sensitive information on affected installations of PDF-XChange Editor. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file.\n\nThe specific flaw exists within the handling of util objects. By performing actions in JavaScript, an attacker can trigger a read past the end of an allocated object. An attacker can leverage this in conjunction with other vulnerabilities to execute arbitrary code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-19483.",
"id": "GHSA-fh7p-54p9-7jvr",
"modified": "2024-05-03T03:30:56Z",
"published": "2024-05-03T03:30:56Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-39487"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-23-1126"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-FH82-HXH6-P67F
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-08-11 18:31 – Updated: 2026-08-11 18:31
VLAI
Details
Integer underflow (wrap or wraparound) in Windows DHCP Server allows an unauthorized attacker to disclose information over an adjacent network.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-62718"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-08-11T17:18:22Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Integer underflow (wrap or wraparound) in Windows DHCP Server allows an unauthorized attacker to disclose information over an adjacent network.",
"id": "GHSA-fh82-hxh6-p67f",
"modified": "2026-08-11T18:31:15Z",
"published": "2026-08-11T18:31:15Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-62718"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-62718"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-FHFH-9MCW-2G3Q
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-04-01 00:30 – Updated: 2026-04-02 21:32
VLAI
Details
An out-of-bounds read issue was addressed with improved input validation. This issue is fixed in visionOS 2.4, macOS Ventura 13.7.5, tvOS 18.4, iPadOS 17.7.6, iOS 18.4 and iPadOS 18.4, macOS Sequoia 15.4, macOS Sonoma 14.7.5. Playing a malicious audio file may lead to an unexpected app termination.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-24230"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-03-31T23:15:20Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "An out-of-bounds read issue was addressed with improved input validation. This issue is fixed in visionOS 2.4, macOS Ventura 13.7.5, tvOS 18.4, iPadOS 17.7.6, iOS 18.4 and iPadOS 18.4, macOS Sequoia 15.4, macOS Sonoma 14.7.5. Playing a malicious audio file may lead to an unexpected app termination.",
"id": "GHSA-fhfh-9mcw-2g3q",
"modified": "2026-04-02T21:32:15Z",
"published": "2025-04-01T00:30:38Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-24230"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/122371"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/122372"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/122373"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/122374"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/122375"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/122376"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/122377"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/122378"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2025/Apr/10"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2025/Apr/11"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2025/Apr/12"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2025/Apr/13"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2025/Apr/4"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2025/Apr/5"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2025/Apr/8"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2025/Apr/9"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-FHGM-MXGH-GFPJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-05-18 00:30 – Updated: 2025-11-03 21:33
VLAI
Details
An attacker was able to perform an out-of-bounds read or write on a JavaScript Promise object. This vulnerability affects Firefox ESR < 115.23.1.
Severity
7.5 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-4918"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-05-17T22:15:19Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An attacker was able to perform an out-of-bounds read or write on a JavaScript `Promise` object. This vulnerability affects Firefox ESR \u003c 115.23.1.",
"id": "GHSA-fhgm-mxgh-gfpj",
"modified": "2025-11-03T21:33:54Z",
"published": "2025-05-18T00:30:27Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-4918"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1966612"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/05/msg00024.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/05/msg00046.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2025-36"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2025-37"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2025-38"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2025-40"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2025-41"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.vicarius.io/vsociety/posts/cve-2025-4918-detect-firefox-out-of-bounds-write"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.vicarius.io/vsociety/posts/cve-2025-4918-mitigate-firefox-out-of-bounds-write"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-FHHF-9J5G-C4PX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 00:15 – Updated: 2022-05-17 00:15
VLAI
Details
An issue was discovered in Adobe Acrobat and Reader: 2017.012.20098 and earlier versions, 2017.011.30066 and earlier versions, 2015.006.30355 and earlier versions, and 11.0.22 and earlier versions. This vulnerability is an instance of an out of bounds read vulnerability in the MakeAccesible plugin, when handling font data. It causes an out of bounds memory access, which sometimes triggers an access violation exception. Attackers can exploit the vulnerability by using the out of bounds access for unintended reads, writes, or frees, potentially leading to code corruption, control-flow hijack, or an information leak attack.
Severity
8.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-16362"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-12-09T06:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An issue was discovered in Adobe Acrobat and Reader: 2017.012.20098 and earlier versions, 2017.011.30066 and earlier versions, 2015.006.30355 and earlier versions, and 11.0.22 and earlier versions. This vulnerability is an instance of an out of bounds read vulnerability in the MakeAccesible plugin, when handling font data. It causes an out of bounds memory access, which sometimes triggers an access violation exception. Attackers can exploit the vulnerability by using the out of bounds access for unintended reads, writes, or frees, potentially leading to code corruption, control-flow hijack, or an information leak attack.",
"id": "GHSA-fhhf-9j5g-c4px",
"modified": "2022-05-17T00:15:11Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T00:15:11Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-16362"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/acrobat/apsb17-36.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/102140"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1039791"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-FHHJ-F5RC-QP5F
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-01-14 18:32 – Updated: 2025-01-14 18:32
VLAI
Details
Secure Boot Security Feature Bypass Vulnerability
Severity
4.6 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-21215"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-01-14T18:15:32Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Secure Boot Security Feature Bypass Vulnerability",
"id": "GHSA-fhhj-f5rc-qp5f",
"modified": "2025-01-14T18:32:02Z",
"published": "2025-01-14T18:32:02Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-21215"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-21215"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-FHJV-WMQ6-3C5H
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-09 00:31 – Updated: 2026-04-09 00:31
VLAI
Details
The Sleuth Kit through 4.14.0 contains an out-of-bounds read vulnerability in the APFS filesystem keybag parser where the wrapped_key_parser class follows attacker-controlled length fields without bounds checking, causing heap reads past the allocated buffer. An attacker can craft a malicious APFS disk image that triggers information disclosure or crashes when processed by any Sleuth Kit tool that parses APFS volumes.
Severity
4.4 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-40025"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-04-08T22:16:22Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The Sleuth Kit through 4.14.0 contains an out-of-bounds read vulnerability in the APFS filesystem keybag parser where the wrapped_key_parser class follows attacker-controlled length fields without bounds checking, causing heap reads past the allocated buffer. An attacker can craft a malicious APFS disk image that triggers information disclosure or crashes when processed by any Sleuth Kit tool that parses APFS volumes.",
"id": "GHSA-fhjv-wmq6-3c5h",
"modified": "2026-04-09T00:31:59Z",
"published": "2026-04-09T00:31:58Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-40025"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/sleuthkit/sleuthkit/pull/3444"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/sleuthkit/sleuthkit/commit/8b9c9e7d493bd68624f3b1a3963edd45c3ff7611"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://mobasi.ai/sentinel"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/sleuth-kit-apfs-keybag-parser-out-of-bounds-read"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:L/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- To reduce the likelihood of introducing an out-of-bounds read, ensure that you validate and ensure correct calculations for any length argument, buffer size calculation, or offset. Be especially careful of relying on a sentinel (i.e. special character such as NUL) in untrusted inputs.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Language Selection
Use a language that provides appropriate memory abstractions.
CAPEC-540: Overread Buffers
An adversary attacks a target by providing input that causes an application to read beyond the boundary of a defined buffer. This typically occurs when a value influencing where to start or stop reading is set to reflect positions outside of the valid memory location of the buffer. This type of attack may result in exposure of sensitive information, a system crash, or arbitrary code execution.