CWE-125
AllowedOut-of-bounds Read
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product reads data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
11671 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-8FC9-6Q4R-MHCX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:08 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:08An issue has been found in function DCTStream::decodeImage in PDF2JSON 0.70 that allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service due to an invalid read of size 4 .
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-19471"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-07-21T18:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "An issue has been found in function DCTStream::decodeImage in PDF2JSON 0.70 that allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service due to an invalid read of size 4 .",
"id": "GHSA-8fc9-6q4r-mhcx",
"modified": "2022-05-24T19:08:33Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:08:33Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-19471"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/flexpaper/pdf2json/issues/32"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-8FG9-FG58-X78H
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-22 15:31 – Updated: 2026-04-22 15:31A rogue backend can send a crafted SVCB response to a Discovery of Designated Resolvers request, when requested via either the autoUpgrade (Lua) option to newServer or auto_upgrade (YAML) settings. DDR upgrade is not enabled by default.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-33599"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-04-22T14:16:54Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "A rogue backend can send a crafted SVCB response to a Discovery of Designated Resolvers request, when requested via either the autoUpgrade (Lua) option to newServer or auto_upgrade (YAML) settings. DDR upgrade is not enabled by default.",
"id": "GHSA-8fg9-fg58-x78h",
"modified": "2026-04-22T15:31:44Z",
"published": "2026-04-22T15:31:44Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-33599"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.dnsdist.org/security-advisories/powerdns-advisory-for-dnsdist-2026-04.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-8FPG-X495-P3F9
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-11-22 21:32 – Updated: 2024-11-22 21:32IrfanView DWG File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Read Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of IrfanView. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file.
The specific flaw exists within the parsing of DWG files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in a read past the end of an allocated buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-24604.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-11529"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-11-22T21:15:11Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "IrfanView DWG File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Read Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of IrfanView. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file.\n\nThe specific flaw exists within the parsing of DWG files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in a read past the end of an allocated buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-24604.",
"id": "GHSA-8fpg-x495-p3f9",
"modified": "2024-11-22T21:32:17Z",
"published": "2024-11-22T21:32:17Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-11529"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-24-1537"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-8FR5-48M4-CCP8
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-08-06 06:31 – Updated: 2025-08-06 06:31Out-of-bounds read in Blockchain Keystore prior to version 1.3.17.2 allows local privileged attackers to read out-of-bounds memory.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-21018"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-08-06T05:15:34Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Out-of-bounds read in Blockchain Keystore prior to version 1.3.17.2 allows local privileged attackers to read out-of-bounds memory.",
"id": "GHSA-8fr5-48m4-ccp8",
"modified": "2025-08-06T06:31:23Z",
"published": "2025-08-06T06:31:23Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-21018"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.samsungmobile.com/serviceWeb.smsb?year=2025\u0026month=08"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-8FR9-2WH5-F97X
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 02:18 – Updated: 2022-05-14 02:18GNU Libextractor through 1.7 has an out-of-bounds read vulnerability in EXTRACTOR_zip_extract_method() in zip_extractor.c.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-16430"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-09-04T00:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "GNU Libextractor through 1.7 has an out-of-bounds read vulnerability in EXTRACTOR_zip_extract_method() in zip_extractor.c.",
"id": "GHSA-8fr9-2wh5-f97x",
"modified": "2022-05-14T02:18:53Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T02:18:53Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-16430"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gnunet.org/bugs/view.php?id=5405"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gnunet.org/git/libextractor.git/commit/?id=24c8d489797499c0331f4d1039e357ece1ae98a7"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2018/09/msg00011.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2018/dsa-4290"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/105254"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-8FWG-C58H-9P76
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-04-19 00:00 – Updated: 2022-04-24 00:00Multiple code execution vulnerabilities exists in the Nef polygon-parsing functionality of CGAL libcgal CGAL-5.1.1. A specially crafted malformed file can lead to an out-of-bounds read and type confusion, which could lead to code execution. An attacker can provide malicious input to trigger any of these vulnerabilities. An oob read vulnerability exists in Nef_S2/SNC_io_parser.h SNC_io_parser::read_sface() sfh->center_vertex().
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-35630"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125",
"CWE-129"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-04-18T17:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Multiple code execution vulnerabilities exists in the Nef polygon-parsing functionality of CGAL libcgal CGAL-5.1.1. A specially crafted malformed file can lead to an out-of-bounds read and type confusion, which could lead to code execution. An attacker can provide malicious input to trigger any of these vulnerabilities. An oob read vulnerability exists in Nef_S2/SNC_io_parser.h SNC_io_parser\u003cEW\u003e::read_sface() sfh-\u003ecenter_vertex().",
"id": "GHSA-8fwg-c58h-9p76",
"modified": "2022-04-24T00:00:29Z",
"published": "2022-04-19T00:00:51Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-35630"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2022/12/msg00011.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202305-34"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2020-1225"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-8G24-FHWC-XF6R
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-09-04 03:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 07:25In gnss service, there is a possible out of bounds read due to improper input validation. This could lead to local information disclosure with System execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation. Patch ID: ALPS08044040; Issue ID: ALPS08044032.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-32816"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-09-04T03:15:14Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "In gnss service, there is a possible out of bounds read due to improper input validation. This could lead to local information disclosure with System execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation. Patch ID: ALPS08044040; Issue ID: ALPS08044032.",
"id": "GHSA-8g24-fhwc-xf6r",
"modified": "2024-04-04T07:25:17Z",
"published": "2023-09-04T03:30:20Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-32816"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://corp.mediatek.com/product-security-bulletin/September-2023"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-8G29-7WW6-62WF
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-02-28 09:30 – Updated: 2024-11-04 18:31In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
sched/fair: Fix shift-out-of-bounds in load_balance()
Syzbot reported a handful of occurrences where an sd->nr_balance_failed can grow to much higher values than one would expect.
A successful load_balance() resets it to 0; a failed one increments it. Once it gets to sd->cache_nice_tries + 3, this should trigger an active balance, which will either set it to sd->cache_nice_tries+1 or reset it to 0. However, in case the to-be-active-balanced task is not allowed to run on env->dst_cpu, then the increment is done without any further modification.
This could then be repeated ad nauseam, and would explain the absurdly high values reported by syzbot (86, 149). VincentG noted there is value in letting sd->cache_nice_tries grow, so the shift itself should be fixed. That means preventing:
""" If the value of the right operand is negative or is greater than or equal to the width of the promoted left operand, the behavior is undefined. """
Thus we need to cap the shift exponent to BITS_PER_TYPE(typeof(lefthand)) - 1.
I had a look around for other similar cases via coccinelle:
@expr@ position pos; expression E1; expression E2; @@ ( E1 >> E2@pos | E1 >> E2@pos )
@cst depends on expr@ position pos; expression expr.E1; constant cst; @@ ( E1 >> cst@pos | E1 << cst@pos )
@script:python depends on !cst@ pos << expr.pos; exp << expr.E2; @@ # Dirty hack to ignore constexpr if exp.upper() != exp: coccilib.report.print_report(pos[0], "Possible UB shift here")
The only other match in kernel/sched is rq_clock_thermal() which employs sched_thermal_decay_shift, and that exponent is already capped to 10, so that one is fine.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-47044"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-02-28T09:15:40Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nsched/fair: Fix shift-out-of-bounds in load_balance()\n\nSyzbot reported a handful of occurrences where an sd-\u003enr_balance_failed can\ngrow to much higher values than one would expect.\n\nA successful load_balance() resets it to 0; a failed one increments\nit. Once it gets to sd-\u003ecache_nice_tries + 3, this *should* trigger an\nactive balance, which will either set it to sd-\u003ecache_nice_tries+1 or reset\nit to 0. However, in case the to-be-active-balanced task is not allowed to\nrun on env-\u003edst_cpu, then the increment is done without any further\nmodification.\n\nThis could then be repeated ad nauseam, and would explain the absurdly high\nvalues reported by syzbot (86, 149). VincentG noted there is value in\nletting sd-\u003ecache_nice_tries grow, so the shift itself should be\nfixed. That means preventing:\n\n \"\"\"\n If the value of the right operand is negative or is greater than or equal\n to the width of the promoted left operand, the behavior is undefined.\n \"\"\"\n\nThus we need to cap the shift exponent to\n BITS_PER_TYPE(typeof(lefthand)) - 1.\n\nI had a look around for other similar cases via coccinelle:\n\n @expr@\n position pos;\n expression E1;\n expression E2;\n @@\n (\n E1 \u003e\u003e E2@pos\n |\n E1 \u003e\u003e E2@pos\n )\n\n @cst depends on expr@\n position pos;\n expression expr.E1;\n constant cst;\n @@\n (\n E1 \u003e\u003e cst@pos\n |\n E1 \u003c\u003c cst@pos\n )\n\n @script:python depends on !cst@\n pos \u003c\u003c expr.pos;\n exp \u003c\u003c expr.E2;\n @@\n # Dirty hack to ignore constexpr\n if exp.upper() != exp:\n coccilib.report.print_report(pos[0], \"Possible UB shift here\")\n\nThe only other match in kernel/sched is rq_clock_thermal() which employs\nsched_thermal_decay_shift, and that exponent is already capped to 10, so\nthat one is fine.",
"id": "GHSA-8g29-7ww6-62wf",
"modified": "2024-11-04T18:31:16Z",
"published": "2024-02-28T09:30:38Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-47044"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2f3eab368e313dba35fc2f51ede778bf7b030b54"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/39a2a6eb5c9b66ea7c8055026303b3aa681b49a5"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/805cea93e66ca7deaaf6ad3b67224ce47c104c2f"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/80862cbf76c2646f709a57c4517aefe0b094c774"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-8G2J-V7WM-MHV5
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-09-01 00:00 – Updated: 2023-01-21 03:30A heap buffer overflow flaw was found in Libtiffs' tiffinfo.c in TIFFReadRawDataStriped() function. This flaw allows an attacker to pass a crafted TIFF file to the tiffinfo tool, triggering a heap buffer overflow issue and causing a crash that leads to a denial of service.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-1354"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-08-31T16:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A heap buffer overflow flaw was found in Libtiffs\u0027 tiffinfo.c in TIFFReadRawDataStriped() function. This flaw allows an attacker to pass a crafted TIFF file to the tiffinfo tool, triggering a heap buffer overflow issue and causing a crash that leads to a denial of service.",
"id": "GHSA-8g2j-v7wm-mhv5",
"modified": "2023-01-21T03:30:28Z",
"published": "2022-09-01T00:00:23Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-1354"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2022:8194"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2022-1354"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2074404"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gitlab.com/libtiff/libtiff/-/commit/87f580f39011109b3bb5f6eca13fac543a542798"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gitlab.com/libtiff/libtiff/-/issues/319"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2023/01/msg00018.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202210-10"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20221014-0007"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2023/dsa-5333"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-8G2W-FQGG-H73V
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 01:05 – Updated: 2025-04-20 03:44A stack-based buffer over-read was discovered in filterYule in gain_analysis.c in MP3Gain version 1.5.2. The vulnerability causes an application crash, which leads to remote denial of service.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-14407"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-09-13T03:29:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A stack-based buffer over-read was discovered in filterYule in gain_analysis.c in MP3Gain version 1.5.2. The vulnerability causes an application crash, which leads to remote denial of service.",
"id": "GHSA-8g2w-fqgg-h73v",
"modified": "2025-04-20T03:44:52Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T01:05:39Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-14407"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://blogs.gentoo.org/ago/2017/09/08/mp3gain-stack-based-buffer-overflow-in-filteryule-gain_analysis-c"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-5
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- To reduce the likelihood of introducing an out-of-bounds read, ensure that you validate and ensure correct calculations for any length argument, buffer size calculation, or offset. Be especially careful of relying on a sentinel (i.e. special character such as NUL) in untrusted inputs.
Mitigation
Strategy: Language Selection
Use a language that provides appropriate memory abstractions.
CAPEC-540: Overread Buffers
An adversary attacks a target by providing input that causes an application to read beyond the boundary of a defined buffer. This typically occurs when a value influencing where to start or stop reading is set to reflect positions outside of the valid memory location of the buffer. This type of attack may result in exposure of sensitive information, a system crash, or arbitrary code execution.