CWE-125
AllowedOut-of-bounds Read
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product reads data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
11525 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-6WXX-HHWX-28X6
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 01:45 – Updated: 2022-05-14 01:45There is a heap-based buffer over-read at writer.c (function: write_png_to_file) in libsixel 1.8.2 that will cause a denial of service.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-19763"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-11-30T03:29:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "There is a heap-based buffer over-read at writer.c (function: write_png_to_file) in libsixel 1.8.2 that will cause a denial of service.",
"id": "GHSA-6wxx-hhwx-28x6",
"modified": "2022-05-14T01:45:35Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T01:45:35Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-19763"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1649201"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-6X36-G6M4-VV49
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:34 – Updated: 2023-05-22 15:30Out-of-bounds read in subsystem for Intel(R) AMT, Intel(R) ISM versions before 11.8.80, 11.12.80, 11.22.80, 12.0.70 and 14.0.45 may allow an unauthenticated user to potentially enable information disclosure via network access.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-8754"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2020-11-12T18:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Out-of-bounds read in subsystem for Intel(R) AMT, Intel(R) ISM versions before 11.8.80, 11.12.80, 11.22.80, 12.0.70 and 14.0.45 may allow an unauthenticated user to potentially enable information disclosure via network access.",
"id": "GHSA-6x36-g6m4-vv49",
"modified": "2023-05-22T15:30:15Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:34:12Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-8754"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20201113-0003"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/security-center/advisory/intel-sa-00391"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-6X47-46RJ-5P86
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-06-18 12:30 – Updated: 2025-11-18 03:31In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
iommu/vt-d: avoid invalid memory access via node_online(NUMA_NO_NODE)
KASAN reports:
[ 4.668325][ T0] BUG: KASAN: wild-memory-access in dmar_parse_one_rhsa (arch/x86/include/asm/bitops.h:214 arch/x86/include/asm/bitops.h:226 include/asm-generic/bitops/instrumented-non-atomic.h:142 include/linux/nodemask.h:415 drivers/iommu/intel/dmar.c:497) [ 4.676149][ T0] Read of size 8 at addr 1fffffff85115558 by task swapper/0/0 [ 4.683454][ T0] [ 4.685638][ T0] CPU: 0 PID: 0 Comm: swapper/0 Not tainted 5.19.0-rc3-00004-g0e862838f290 #1 [ 4.694331][ T0] Hardware name: Supermicro SYS-5018D-FN4T/X10SDV-8C-TLN4F, BIOS 1.1 03/02/2016 [ 4.703196][ T0] Call Trace: [ 4.706334][ T0] [ 4.709133][ T0] ? dmar_parse_one_rhsa (arch/x86/include/asm/bitops.h:214 arch/x86/include/asm/bitops.h:226 include/asm-generic/bitops/instrumented-non-atomic.h:142 include/linux/nodemask.h:415 drivers/iommu/intel/dmar.c:497)
after converting the type of the first argument (@nr, bit number)
of arch_test_bit() from long to unsigned long[0].
Under certain conditions (for example, when ACPI NUMA is disabled via command line), pxm_to_node() can return %NUMA_NO_NODE (-1). It is valid 'magic' number of NUMA node, but not valid bit number to use in bitops. node_online() eventually descends to test_bit() without checking for the input, assuming it's on caller side (which might be good for perf-critical tasks). There, -1 becomes %ULONG_MAX which leads to an insane array index when calculating bit position in memory.
For now, add an explicit check for @node being not %NUMA_NO_NODE before calling test_bit(). The actual logics didn't change here at all.
[0] https://github.com/norov/linux/commit/0e862838f290147ea9c16db852d8d494b552d38d
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-50093"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-06-18T11:15:38Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\niommu/vt-d: avoid invalid memory access via node_online(NUMA_NO_NODE)\n\nKASAN reports:\n\n[ 4.668325][ T0] BUG: KASAN: wild-memory-access in dmar_parse_one_rhsa (arch/x86/include/asm/bitops.h:214 arch/x86/include/asm/bitops.h:226 include/asm-generic/bitops/instrumented-non-atomic.h:142 include/linux/nodemask.h:415 drivers/iommu/intel/dmar.c:497)\n[ 4.676149][ T0] Read of size 8 at addr 1fffffff85115558 by task swapper/0/0\n[ 4.683454][ T0]\n[ 4.685638][ T0] CPU: 0 PID: 0 Comm: swapper/0 Not tainted 5.19.0-rc3-00004-g0e862838f290 #1\n[ 4.694331][ T0] Hardware name: Supermicro SYS-5018D-FN4T/X10SDV-8C-TLN4F, BIOS 1.1 03/02/2016\n[ 4.703196][ T0] Call Trace:\n[ 4.706334][ T0] \u003cTASK\u003e\n[ 4.709133][ T0] ? dmar_parse_one_rhsa (arch/x86/include/asm/bitops.h:214 arch/x86/include/asm/bitops.h:226 include/asm-generic/bitops/instrumented-non-atomic.h:142 include/linux/nodemask.h:415 drivers/iommu/intel/dmar.c:497)\n\nafter converting the type of the first argument (@nr, bit number)\nof arch_test_bit() from `long` to `unsigned long`[0].\n\nUnder certain conditions (for example, when ACPI NUMA is disabled\nvia command line), pxm_to_node() can return %NUMA_NO_NODE (-1).\nIt is valid \u0027magic\u0027 number of NUMA node, but not valid bit number\nto use in bitops.\nnode_online() eventually descends to test_bit() without checking\nfor the input, assuming it\u0027s on caller side (which might be good\nfor perf-critical tasks). There, -1 becomes %ULONG_MAX which leads\nto an insane array index when calculating bit position in memory.\n\nFor now, add an explicit check for @node being not %NUMA_NO_NODE\nbefore calling test_bit(). The actual logics didn\u0027t change here\nat all.\n\n[0] https://github.com/norov/linux/commit/0e862838f290147ea9c16db852d8d494b552d38d",
"id": "GHSA-6x47-46rj-5p86",
"modified": "2025-11-18T03:31:14Z",
"published": "2025-06-18T12:30:47Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-50093"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0b4c0003aeda32a600f95df53b2848da8a5aa3fa"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/5659efdadf04b56707d58c1b758df16d2e0eff2c"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/73ce2046e04ad488cecc66757c36cbe1bdf089d4"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b0b0b77ea611e3088e9523e60860f4f41b62b235"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b12304984654d8e58a2b22ff94c4410906d6267f"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c2304c50f4d94f56c2e326f25c9dc8cf2ba6f5fa"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-6X55-Q68X-G6JC
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-08-25 15:32 – Updated: 2025-11-03 21:34An out-of-bounds read vulnerability exists in the Nex parsing functionality of The Biosig Project libbiosig 3.9.0 and Master Branch (35a819fa). A specially crafted .nex file can lead to an information leak. An attacker can provide a malicious file to trigger this vulnerability.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-52461"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-08-25T14:15:31Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An out-of-bounds read vulnerability exists in the Nex parsing functionality of The Biosig Project libbiosig 3.9.0 and Master Branch (35a819fa). A specially crafted .nex file can lead to an information leak. An attacker can provide a malicious file to trigger this vulnerability.",
"id": "GHSA-6x55-q68x-g6jc",
"modified": "2025-11-03T21:34:23Z",
"published": "2025-08-25T15:32:00Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-52461"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2025-2238"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2025-2238"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-6X6M-5PH5-WHRW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-12-06 09:30 – Updated: 2022-12-08 06:30In wlan driver, there is a possible missing bounds check, This could lead to local denial of service in wlan services.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-42779"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125",
"CWE-126"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-12-06T07:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "In wlan driver, there is a possible missing bounds check, This could lead to local denial of service in wlan services.",
"id": "GHSA-6x6m-5ph5-whrw",
"modified": "2022-12-08T06:30:30Z",
"published": "2022-12-06T09:30:23Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-42779"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.unisoc.com/en_us/secy/announcementDetail/1599588060988411006"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-6X79-R8FQ-V3C6
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 01:13 – Updated: 2022-05-14 01:13An out-of-bounds read was addressed with improved bounds checking. This issue affected versions prior to iOS 12, macOS Mojave 10.14, tvOS 12, watchOS 5.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-4203"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-04-03T18:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An out-of-bounds read was addressed with improved bounds checking. This issue affected versions prior to iOS 12, macOS Mojave 10.14, tvOS 12, watchOS 5.",
"id": "GHSA-6x79-r8fq-v3c6",
"modified": "2022-05-14T01:13:31Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T01:13:31Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-4203"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/kb/HT209106"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/kb/HT209107"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/kb/HT209108"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/kb/HT209139"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/kb/HT209193"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-6X99-3Q2R-3VGX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:31 – Updated: 2023-01-09 18:30An out-of-bounds read was addressed with improved bounds checking. This issue is fixed in iOS 13.6 and iPadOS 13.6, macOS Catalina 10.15.6, tvOS 13.4.8, watchOS 6.2.8. Processing a maliciously crafted audio file may lead to arbitrary code execution.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-9888"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2020-10-16T17:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An out-of-bounds read was addressed with improved bounds checking. This issue is fixed in iOS 13.6 and iPadOS 13.6, macOS Catalina 10.15.6, tvOS 13.4.8, watchOS 6.2.8. Processing a maliciously crafted audio file may lead to arbitrary code execution.",
"id": "GHSA-6x99-3q2r-3vgx",
"modified": "2023-01-09T18:30:25Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:31:07Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-9888"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/HT211288"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/HT211289"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/HT211290"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/HT211291"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-6XHW-5P38-Q4XW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:48 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:48An issue was discovered in giflib through 5.1.4. DumpScreen2RGB in gif2rgb.c has a heap-based buffer over-read.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-23922"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-04-21T18:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An issue was discovered in giflib through 5.1.4. DumpScreen2RGB in gif2rgb.c has a heap-based buffer over-read.",
"id": "GHSA-6xhw-5p38-q4xw",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:48:03Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:48:03Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-23922"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/126.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/r58af02e294bd07f487e2c64ffc0a29b837db5600e33b6e698b9d696b@%3Cissues.bookkeeper.apache.org%3E"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/rf4c02775860db415b4955778a131c2795223f61cb8c6a450893651e4@%3Cissues.bookkeeper.apache.org%3E"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://sourceforge.net/p/giflib/bugs/151"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-6XJ3-6HWF-4499
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-08-10 15:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 06:48Adobe Acrobat Reader versions 23.003.20244 (and earlier) and 20.005.30467 (and earlier) are affected by an out-of-bounds read vulnerability that could lead to disclosure of sensitive memory. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to bypass mitigations such as ASLR. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-38242"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-08-10T14:15:14Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Adobe Acrobat Reader versions 23.003.20244 (and earlier) and 20.005.30467 (and earlier) are affected by an out-of-bounds read vulnerability that could lead to disclosure of sensitive memory. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to bypass mitigations such as ASLR. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.",
"id": "GHSA-6xj3-6hwf-4499",
"modified": "2024-04-04T06:48:12Z",
"published": "2023-08-10T15:30:24Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-38242"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/acrobat/apsb23-30.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-6XMX-H98X-6VXG
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:47 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:47XML External Entity Resolution (XXE) in Helix ALM. The XML Import functionality of the Administration console in Perforce Helix ALM 2020.3.1 Build 22 accepts XML input data that is parsed by insecurely configured software components, leading to XXE attacks.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-29997"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125",
"CWE-611"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-04-13T17:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "XML External Entity Resolution (XXE) in Helix ALM. The XML Import functionality of the Administration console in Perforce Helix ALM 2020.3.1 Build 22 accepts XML input data that is parsed by insecurely configured software components, leading to XXE attacks.",
"id": "GHSA-6xmx-h98x-6vxg",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:47:29Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:47:29Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-29997"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support2.windriver.com/index.php?page=cve\u0026on=view\u0026id=CVE-2021-29997"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support2.windriver.com/index.php?page=security-notices"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
Mitigation MIT-5
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- To reduce the likelihood of introducing an out-of-bounds read, ensure that you validate and ensure correct calculations for any length argument, buffer size calculation, or offset. Be especially careful of relying on a sentinel (i.e. special character such as NUL) in untrusted inputs.
Mitigation
Strategy: Language Selection
Use a language that provides appropriate memory abstractions.
CAPEC-540: Overread Buffers
An adversary attacks a target by providing input that causes an application to read beyond the boundary of a defined buffer. This typically occurs when a value influencing where to start or stop reading is set to reflect positions outside of the valid memory location of the buffer. This type of attack may result in exposure of sensitive information, a system crash, or arbitrary code execution.