Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-125
AllowedOut-of-bounds Read
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product reads data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
11493 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-5Q45-M5M4-6HQF
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 03:14 – Updated: 2022-05-14 03:14
VLAI
Details
An issue was discovered in libtskfs.a in The Sleuth Kit (TSK) from release 4.0.2 through to 4.6.1. An out-of-bounds read of a memory region was found in the function ntfs_fix_idxrec in tsk/fs/ntfs_dent.cpp which could be leveraged by an attacker to disclose information or manipulated to read from unmapped memory causing a denial of service.
Severity
8.1 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-11737"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-06-05T11:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An issue was discovered in libtskfs.a in The Sleuth Kit (TSK) from release 4.0.2 through to 4.6.1. An out-of-bounds read of a memory region was found in the function ntfs_fix_idxrec in tsk/fs/ntfs_dent.cpp which could be leveraged by an attacker to disclose information or manipulated to read from unmapped memory causing a denial of service.",
"id": "GHSA-5q45-m5m4-6hqf",
"modified": "2022-05-14T03:14:40Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T03:14:40Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-11737"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/sleuthkit/sleuthkit/issues/1266"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-5Q48-FG3X-VGW2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-09-09 18:31 – Updated: 2025-09-09 18:31
VLAI
Details
Out-of-bounds read in Microsoft Office Excel allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code locally.
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-54898"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-09-09T17:16:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Out-of-bounds read in Microsoft Office Excel allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code locally.",
"id": "GHSA-5q48-fg3x-vgw2",
"modified": "2025-09-09T18:31:22Z",
"published": "2025-09-09T18:31:22Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-54898"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-54898"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-5Q4P-94M5-JF36
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 01:56 – Updated: 2022-05-14 01:56
VLAI
Details
In Lizard (formerly LZ5) 2.0, use of an invalid memory address was discovered in LZ5_compress_continue in lz5_compress.c, related to LZ5_compress_fastSmall and MEM_read32. The vulnerability causes a segmentation fault and application crash, which leads to denial of service.
Severity
7.5 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-16985"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-09-13T14:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In Lizard (formerly LZ5) 2.0, use of an invalid memory address was discovered in LZ5_compress_continue in lz5_compress.c, related to LZ5_compress_fastSmall and MEM_read32. The vulnerability causes a segmentation fault and application crash, which leads to denial of service.",
"id": "GHSA-5q4p-94m5-jf36",
"modified": "2022-05-14T01:56:09Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T01:56:09Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-16985"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/inikep/lizard/issues/18"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-5Q5Q-53H5-V4V4
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-22 15:31 – Updated: 2026-04-27 15:30
VLAI
Details
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
scsi: ibmvfc: Fix OOB access in ibmvfc_discover_targets_done()
A malicious or compromised VIO server can return a num_written value in the discover targets MAD response that exceeds max_targets. This value is stored directly in vhost->num_targets without validation, and is then used as the loop bound in ibmvfc_alloc_targets() to index into disc_buf[], which is only allocated for max_targets entries. Indices at or beyond max_targets access kernel memory outside the DMA-coherent allocation. The out-of-bounds data is subsequently embedded in Implicit Logout and PLOGI MADs that are sent back to the VIO server, leaking kernel memory.
Fix by clamping num_written to max_targets before storing it.
Severity
8.1 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-31464"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-04-22T14:16:42Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nscsi: ibmvfc: Fix OOB access in ibmvfc_discover_targets_done()\n\nA malicious or compromised VIO server can return a num_written value in the\ndiscover targets MAD response that exceeds max_targets. This value is\nstored directly in vhost-\u003enum_targets without validation, and is then used\nas the loop bound in ibmvfc_alloc_targets() to index into disc_buf[], which\nis only allocated for max_targets entries. Indices at or beyond max_targets\naccess kernel memory outside the DMA-coherent allocation. The\nout-of-bounds data is subsequently embedded in Implicit Logout and PLOGI\nMADs that are sent back to the VIO server, leaking kernel memory.\n\nFix by clamping num_written to max_targets before storing it.",
"id": "GHSA-5q5q-53h5-v4v4",
"modified": "2026-04-27T15:30:38Z",
"published": "2026-04-22T15:31:41Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-31464"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/394a1cac3c12fdd7d77f19ccfd222ab5ff87ef89"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/4ed727e35b0ab17d3eeeb1e8023768396e2be161"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/61d099ac4a7a8fb11ebdb6e2ec8d77f38e77362f"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/786f10b1966e485046839f992e89f2c18cbd1983"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a007246cb6c9ebdc93dafbf63cc2d43d98f402cc"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/bae4df0a643fa7f84663473aa3082a9c2ed139db"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d1466bf991b2343cf2ba8336e440c8faf3cbb780"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d842348f8a00d5b1d7358f207eb34ffcf5b16df3"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-5Q95-22V3-59QW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2021-12-26 00:00 – Updated: 2022-03-17 00:06
VLAI
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-4166"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-12-25T19:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "vim is vulnerable to Out-of-bounds Read",
"id": "GHSA-5q95-22v3-59qw",
"modified": "2022-03-17T00:06:24Z",
"published": "2021-12-26T00:00:47Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-4166"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/6f98371532fcff911b462d51bc64f2ce8a6ae682"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://huntr.dev/bounties/229df5dd-5507-44e9-832c-c70364bdf035"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/2EY2VFBU3YGGWI5BW4XKT3F37MYGEQUD"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/3FH2J57GDA2WMBS6J56F6QQRA6BXQQFZ"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202208-32"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/kb/HT213183"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/kb/HT213256"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/kb/HT213343"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2022/Jul/14"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2022/Mar/29"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2022/May/35"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2022/01/15/1"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-5QF8-W237-G9XQ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-09-21 00:00 – Updated: 2022-09-23 00:00
VLAI
Details
An out-of-bounds read was addressed with improved bounds checking. This issue is fixed in Safari 16, iOS 16, iOS 15.7 and iPadOS 15.7. Processing maliciously crafted web content may lead to arbitrary code execution.
Severity
8.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-32912"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-09-20T21:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An out-of-bounds read was addressed with improved bounds checking. This issue is fixed in Safari 16, iOS 16, iOS 15.7 and iPadOS 15.7. Processing maliciously crafted web content may lead to arbitrary code execution.",
"id": "GHSA-5qf8-w237-g9xq",
"modified": "2022-09-23T00:00:34Z",
"published": "2022-09-21T00:00:33Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-32912"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT213442"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT213445"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT213446"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2022/Oct/28"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2022/Oct/39"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2022/Oct/40"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2022/Oct/41"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2022/Oct/47"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2022/Oct/49"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2022/Oct/50"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-5QFC-F4P5-X2WM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:46 – Updated: 2024-04-04 00:42
VLAI
Details
GoHTTP through 2017-07-25 has a stack-based buffer over-read in the scan function (when called from getRequestType) via a long URL.
Severity
7.5 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-12159"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-05-17T19:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "GoHTTP through 2017-07-25 has a stack-based buffer over-read in the scan function (when called from getRequestType) via a long URL.",
"id": "GHSA-5qfc-f4p5-x2wm",
"modified": "2024-04-04T00:42:21Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T16:46:02Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-12159"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/fekberg/GoHttp/issues/16"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-5QGG-V88W-RGH6
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-10-28 21:30 – Updated: 2023-11-08 15:30
VLAI
Details
exfatprogs before 1.2.2 allows out-of-bounds memory access, such as in read_file_dentry_set.
Severity
9.1 (Critical)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-45897"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-10-28T21:15:07Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "exfatprogs before 1.2.2 allows out-of-bounds memory access, such as in read_file_dentry_set.",
"id": "GHSA-5qgg-v88w-rgh6",
"modified": "2023-11-08T15:30:32Z",
"published": "2023-10-28T21:30:24Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-45897"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/exfatprogs/exfatprogs/commit/22d0e43e8d24119cbfc6efafabb0dec6517a86c4"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/exfatprogs/exfatprogs/commit/4abc55e976573991e6a1117bb2b3711e59da07ae"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/exfatprogs/exfatprogs/commit/ec78688e5fb5a70e13df82b4c0da1e6228d3ccdf"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://dfir.ru/2023/11/01/cve-2023-45897-a-vulnerability-in-the-linux-exfat-userspace-tools"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/exfatprogs/exfatprogs/releases/tag/1.2.2"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-5QH7-3CGM-QJF3
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-09-08 03:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 07:33
VLAI
Details
An issue was discovered in Samsung Exynos Mobile Processor and Wearable Processor (Exynos 980, Exynos 850, Exynos 2100, and Exynos W920). Improper handling of length parameter inconsistency can cause incorrect packet filtering.
Severity
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-37377"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-09-08T03:15:08Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An issue was discovered in Samsung Exynos Mobile Processor and Wearable Processor (Exynos 980, Exynos 850, Exynos 2100, and Exynos W920). Improper handling of length parameter inconsistency can cause incorrect packet filtering.",
"id": "GHSA-5qh7-3cgm-qjf3",
"modified": "2024-04-04T07:33:53Z",
"published": "2023-09-08T03:30:20Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-37377"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://semiconductor.samsung.com/support/quality-support/product-security-updates"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-5QP2-82V4-WWR8
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-12-01 12:30 – Updated: 2025-12-01 12:30
VLAI
Details
An unauthenticated remote attacker, who beats a race condition, can exploit a flaw in the communication servers of the CODESYS Control runtime system on Linux and QNX to trigger an out-of-bounds read via crafted socket communication, potentially causing a denial of service.
Severity
5.9 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-41739"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-12-01T10:16:01Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "An unauthenticated remote attacker, who beats a race condition, can exploit a flaw in the communication servers of the CODESYS Control runtime system on Linux and QNX to trigger an out-of-bounds read via crafted socket communication, potentially causing a denial of service.",
"id": "GHSA-5qp2-82v4-wwr8",
"modified": "2025-12-01T12:30:28Z",
"published": "2025-12-01T12:30:28Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-41739"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://certvde.com/de/advisories/VDE-2025-099"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- To reduce the likelihood of introducing an out-of-bounds read, ensure that you validate and ensure correct calculations for any length argument, buffer size calculation, or offset. Be especially careful of relying on a sentinel (i.e. special character such as NUL) in untrusted inputs.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Language Selection
Use a language that provides appropriate memory abstractions.
CAPEC-540: Overread Buffers
An adversary attacks a target by providing input that causes an application to read beyond the boundary of a defined buffer. This typically occurs when a value influencing where to start or stop reading is set to reflect positions outside of the valid memory location of the buffer. This type of attack may result in exposure of sensitive information, a system crash, or arbitrary code execution.