Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-125
AllowedOut-of-bounds Read
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product reads data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
11273 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2026-39864 (GCVE-0-2026-39864)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-08 19:58 – Updated: 2026-04-08 20:19
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Kamailio Auth: Processing Vulnerability For Additional Authenticated User Identity Checks
Summary
Kamailio is an open source implementation of a SIP Signaling Server. Prior to 6.0.5 and 5.8.7, an out-of-bounds read in the auth module of Kamailio (formerly OpenSER and SER) allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (process crash) via a specially crafted SIP packet if a successful user authentication without a database backend is followed by additional user identity checks. This vulnerability is fixed in 6.0.5 and 5.8.7.
Severity
4.4 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-125 - Out-of-bounds Read
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/kamailio/kamailio/security/adv… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
Impacted products
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CVE-2026-39856 (GCVE-0-2026-39856)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-09 16:03 – Updated: 2026-04-13 20:06
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
osslsigncode has an Out-of-Bounds Read via Unvalidated Section Bounds in PE Page Hash Calculation
Summary
osslsigncode is a tool that implements Authenticode signing and timestamping. Prior to 2.13, an out-of-bounds read vulnerability exists in osslsigncode version 2.12 and earlier in the PE page-hash computation code (pe_page_hash_calc()). When processing PE sections for page hashing, the function uses PointerToRawData and SizeOfRawData values from section headers without validating that the referenced region lies within the mapped file. An attacker can craft a PE file with section headers that point beyond the end of the file. When osslsigncode computes page hashes for such a file, it may attempt to hash data from an invalid memory region, causing an out-of-bounds read and potentially crashing the process. The vulnerability can be triggered while signing a malicious PE file with page hashing enabled (-ph), or while verifying a malicious signed PE file that already contains page hashes. Verification of an already signed file does not require the verifier to pass -ph. This vulnerability is fixed in 2.13.
Severity
5.5 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-125 - Out-of-bounds Read
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/mtrojnar/osslsigncode/security… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/mtrojnar/osslsigncode/commit/9… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/mtrojnar/osslsigncode/releases… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| mtrojnar | osslsigncode |
Affected:
< 2.13
|
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CVE-2026-39855 (GCVE-0-2026-39855)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-09 15:58 – Updated: 2026-04-09 19:22
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
osslsigncode has an Integer Underflow in PE Page Hash Calculation Can Cause Out-of-Bounds Read
Summary
osslsigncode is a tool that implements Authenticode signing and timestamping. Prior to 2.13, an integer underflow vulnerability exists in osslsigncode version 2.12 and earlier in the PE page-hash computation code (pe_page_hash_calc()). When page hash processing is performed on a PE file, the function subtracts hdrsize from pagesize without first validating that pagesize >= hdrsize. If a malicious PE file sets SizeOfHeaders (hdrsize) larger than SectionAlignment (pagesize), the subtraction underflows and produces a very large unsigned length. The code allocates a zero-filled buffer of pagesize bytes and then attempts to hash pagesize - hdrsize bytes from that buffer. After the underflow, this results in an out-of-bounds read from the heap and can crash the process. The vulnerability can be triggered while signing a malicious PE file with page hashing enabled (-ph), or while verifying a malicious signed PE file that already contains page hashes. Verification of an already signed file does not require the verifier to pass -ph. This vulnerability is fixed in 2.13.
Severity
5.5 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/mtrojnar/osslsigncode/security… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/mtrojnar/osslsigncode/commit/2… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/mtrojnar/osslsigncode/releases… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| mtrojnar | osslsigncode |
Affected:
< 2.13
|
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CVE-2026-35444 (GCVE-0-2026-35444)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-06 21:44 – Updated: 2026-04-08 14:06
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
SDL_image has a heap buffer overflow READ via unchecked colormap index in XCF loader
Summary
SDL_image is a library to load images of various formats as SDL surfaces. In do_layer_surface() in src/IMG_xcf.c, pixel index values from decoded XCF tile data are used directly as colormap indices without validating them against the colormap size (cm_num). A crafted .xcf file with a small colormap and out-of-range pixel indices causes heap out-of-bounds reads of up to 762 bytes past the colormap allocation. Both IMAGE_INDEXED code paths are affected (bpp=1 and bpp=2). The leaked heap bytes are written into the output surface pixel data, making them potentially observable in the rendered image. This vulnerability is fixed with commit 996bf12888925932daace576e09c3053410896f8.
Severity
7.1 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-125 - Out-of-bounds Read
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/libsdl-org/SDL_image/security/… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| libsdl-org | SDL_image |
Affected:
< 996bf12888925932daace576e09c3053410896f8
|
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CVE-2026-35423 (GCVE-0-2026-35423)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-12 16:58 – Updated: 2026-06-19 16:12
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Windows 11 Telnet Client Information Disclosure Vulnerability
Summary
Out-of-bounds read in Telnet Client allows an unauthorized attacker to disclose information over a network.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-125 - Out-of-bounds Read
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerabi… | vendor-advisorypatch |
Impacted products
21 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 1607 |
Affected:
10.0.14393.0 , < 10.0.14393.9140
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 1809 |
Affected:
10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.8755
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 21H2 |
Affected:
10.0.19044.0 , < 10.0.19044.7291
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 22H2 |
Affected:
10.0.19045.0 , < 10.0.19045.7417
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 version 23H2 |
Affected:
10.0.22631.0 , < 10.0.22631.7079
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 Version 23H2 |
Affected:
10.0.22631.0 , < 10.0.22631.7219
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 Version 24H2 |
Affected:
10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.8457
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 Version 25H2 |
Affected:
10.0.26200.0 , < 10.0.26200.8457
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 version 26H1 |
Affected:
10.0.28000.0 , < 10.0.28000.2113
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 |
Affected:
6.2.9200.0 , < 6.2.9200.26079
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
6.2.9200.0 , < 6.2.9200.26079
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 R2 |
Affected:
6.3.9600.0 , < 6.3.9600.23181
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 R2 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
6.3.9600.0 , < 6.3.9600.23181
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2016 |
Affected:
10.0.14393.0 , < 10.0.14393.9140
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2016 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.14393.0 , < 10.0.14393.9140
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2019 |
Affected:
10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.8755
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2019 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.8755
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2022 |
Affected:
10.0.20348.0 , < 10.0.20348.5139
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2022, 23H2 Edition (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.25398.0 , < 10.0.25398.2330
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2025 |
Affected:
10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.32860
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2025 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.32860
(custom)
|
Date Public
2026-05-12 14:00
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CVE-2026-35419 (GCVE-0-2026-35419)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-12 16:58 – Updated: 2026-06-19 16:12
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Windows DWM Core Library Information Disclosure Vulnerability
Summary
Out-of-bounds read in Windows DWM Core Library allows an authorized attacker to disclose information locally.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-125 - Out-of-bounds Read
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerabi… | vendor-advisorypatch |
Impacted products
5 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 Version 24H2 |
Affected:
10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.8457
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 Version 25H2 |
Affected:
10.0.26200.0 , < 10.0.26200.8457
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 version 26H1 |
Affected:
10.0.28000.0 , < 10.0.28000.2113
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2025 |
Affected:
10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.32860
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2025 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.32860
(custom)
|
Date Public
2026-05-12 14:00
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CVE-2026-35203 (GCVE-0-2026-35203)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-06 19:54 – Updated: 2026-04-07 19:30
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
ZLMediaKit VP9 RTP Parser Out-of-Bounds Read
Summary
ZLMediaKit is a streaming media service framework. the VP9 RTP payload parser in ext-codec/VP9Rtp.cpp reads multiple fields from the RTP payload based on flag bits in the first byte, without verifying that sufficient data exists in the buffer. A crafted VP9 RTP packet with a 1-byte payload (0xFF, all flags set) causes the parser to read past the end of the allocated buffer, resulting in a heap-buffer-overflow. This vulnerability is fixed with commit 435dcbcbbf700fd63b2ca9eac6cef3b5ea75169d.
Severity
7.5 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-125 - Out-of-bounds Read
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/ZLMediaKit/ZLMediaKit/security… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/ZLMediaKit/ZLMediaKit/commit/4… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| ZLMediaKit | ZLMediaKit |
Affected:
< 435dcbcbbf700fd63b2ca9eac6cef3b5ea75169d
|
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CVE-2026-35201 (GCVE-0-2026-35201)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-06 19:49 – Updated: 2026-04-07 16:21
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Discount has an Out-of-bounds Read in rdiscount
Summary
Discount is an implementation of John Gruber's Markdown markup language in C. From 1.3.1.1 to before 2.2.7.4, a signed length truncation bug causes an out-of-bounds read in the default Markdown parse path. Inputs larger than INT_MAX are truncated to a signed int before entering the native parser, allowing the parser to read past the end of the supplied buffer and crash the process. This vulnerability is fixed in 2.2.7.4.
Severity
5.9 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-125 - Out-of-bounds Read
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/davidfstr/rdiscount/security/a… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
Impacted products
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CVE-2026-35176 (GCVE-0-2026-35176)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-06 18:59 – Updated: 2026-04-07 15:10
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
openFPGALoader has a heap buffer overflow in POFParser::parseSection() via crafted .pof file
Summary
openFPGALoader is a utility for programming FPGAs. In 1.1.1 and earlier, a heap-buffer-overflow read vulnerability exists in POFParser::parseSection() that allows out-of-bounds heap memory access when parsing a crafted .pof file. No FPGA hardware is required to trigger this vulnerability.
Severity
7.1 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-125 - Out-of-bounds Read
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/trabucayre/openFPGALoader/secu… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| trabucayre | openFPGALoader |
Affected:
<= 1.1.1
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CVE-2026-35170 (GCVE-0-2026-35170)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-06 18:59 – Updated: 2026-04-07 15:10
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
openFPGALoader has a heap buffer overflow in BitParser::parseHeader() via crafted .bit file
Summary
openFPGALoader is a utility for programming FPGAs. In 1.1.1 and earlier, a heap-buffer-overflow read vulnerability exists in BitParser::parseHeader() that allows out-of-bounds heap memory access when parsing a crafted .bit file. No FPGA hardware is required to trigger this vulnerability.
Severity
7.1 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-125 - Out-of-bounds Read
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/trabucayre/openFPGALoader/secu… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| trabucayre | openFPGALoader |
Affected:
<= 1.1.1
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Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- To reduce the likelihood of introducing an out-of-bounds read, ensure that you validate and ensure correct calculations for any length argument, buffer size calculation, or offset. Be especially careful of relying on a sentinel (i.e. special character such as NUL) in untrusted inputs.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Language Selection
Use a language that provides appropriate memory abstractions.
CAPEC-540: Overread Buffers
An adversary attacks a target by providing input that causes an application to read beyond the boundary of a defined buffer. This typically occurs when a value influencing where to start or stop reading is set to reflect positions outside of the valid memory location of the buffer. This type of attack may result in exposure of sensitive information, a system crash, or arbitrary code execution.