Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-121
AllowedStack-based Buffer Overflow
Abstraction: Variant · Status: Draft
A stack-based buffer overflow condition is a condition where the buffer being overwritten is allocated on the stack (i.e., is a local variable or, rarely, a parameter to a function).
5221 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2025-55095 (GCVE-0-2025-55095)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-01-27 15:34 – Updated: 2026-01-27 15:58
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
The function _ux_host_class_storage_media_mount() is responsible for mounting partitions on a USB mass storage device. When it encounters an extended partition entry in the partition table, it recursively calls itself to mount the next logical partition.
This recursion occurs in _ux_host_class_storage_partition_read(), which parses up to four partition entries. If an extended partition is found (with type UX_HOST_CLASS_STORAGE_PARTITION_EXTENDED or EXTENDED_LBA_MAPPED), the code invokes:
_ux_host_class_storage_media_mount(storage, sector + _ux_utility_long_get(...));
There is no limit on the recursion depth or tracking of visited sectors. As a result, a malicious or malformed disk image can include cyclic or excessively deep chains of extended partitions, causing the function to recurse until stack overflow occurs.
Severity
4.2 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Eclipse Foundation | Eclipse ThreadX - USBX |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 6.4.2
(semver)
|
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CVE-2025-54916 (GCVE-0-2025-54916)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-09-09 17:01 – Updated: 2026-02-20 16:00
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Windows NTFS Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Summary
Stack-based buffer overflow in Windows NTFS allows an authorized attacker to execute code locally.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-121 - Stack-based Buffer Overflow
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerabi… | vendor-advisorypatch |
Impacted products
25 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 1507 |
Affected:
10.0.10240.0 , < 10.0.10240.21128
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 1607 |
Affected:
10.0.14393.0 , < 10.0.14393.8422
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 1809 |
Affected:
10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.7792
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 21H2 |
Affected:
10.0.19044.0 , < 10.0.19044.6332
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 22H2 |
Affected:
10.0.19045.0 , < 10.0.19045.6332
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 version 22H2 |
Affected:
10.0.22621.0 , < 10.0.22621.5909
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 version 22H3 |
Affected:
10.0.22631.0 , < 10.0.22631.5909
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 Version 23H2 |
Affected:
10.0.22631.0 , < 10.0.22631.5909
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 Version 24H2 |
Affected:
10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.6584
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2008 R2 Service Pack 1 |
Affected:
6.1.7601.0 , < 6.1.7601.27929
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2008 R2 Service Pack 1 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
6.1.7601.0 , < 6.1.7601.27929
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2008 Service Pack 2 |
Affected:
6.0.6003.0 , < 6.0.6003.23529
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2008 Service Pack 2 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
6.0.6003.0 , < 6.0.6003.23529
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 |
Affected:
6.2.9200.0 , < 6.2.9200.25675
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
6.2.9200.0 , < 6.2.9200.25675
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 R2 |
Affected:
6.3.9600.0 , < 6.3.9600.22774
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 R2 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
6.3.9600.0 , < 6.3.9600.22774
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2016 |
Affected:
10.0.14393.0 , < 10.0.14393.8422
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2016 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.14393.0 , < 10.0.14393.8422
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2019 |
Affected:
10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.7792
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2019 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.7792
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2022 |
Affected:
10.0.20348.0 , < 10.0.20348.4171
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2022, 23H2 Edition (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.25398.0 , < 10.0.25398.1849
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2025 |
Affected:
10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.6584
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2025 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.6584
(custom)
|
Date Public
2025-09-09 07:00
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CVE-2025-54820 (GCVE-0-2025-54820)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-03-10 16:44 – Updated: 2026-03-12 14:46
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
A Stack-based Buffer Overflow vulnerability [CWE-121] vulnerability in Fortinet FortiManager 7.4.0 through 7.4.2, FortiManager 7.2.0 through 7.2.10, FortiManager 6.4 all versions may allow a remote unauthenticated attacker to execute unauthorized commands via crafted requests, if the service is enabled. The success of the attack depends on the ability to bypass the stack protection mechanisms.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-121 - Execute unauthorized code or commands
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Fortinet | FortiManager |
Affected:
7.4.0 , ≤ 7.4.2
(semver)
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CVE-2025-54617 (GCVE-0-2025-54617)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-08-06 01:28 – Updated: 2025-08-06 13:48
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
Stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability in the dms_fwk module.
Impact: Successful exploitation of this vulnerability can cause RCE.
Severity
6.8 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-121 - Stack-based Buffer Overflow
Assigner
References
1 reference
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CVE-2025-54526 (GCVE-0-2025-54526)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-11-04 21:37 – Updated: 2025-11-04 21:46
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Fuji Electric Monitouch V-SFT-6 Stack-based Buffer Overflow
Summary
Fuji Electric Monitouch V-SFT-6 is vulnerable to a stack-based buffer
overflow while processing a specially crafted project file, which may
allow an attacker to execute arbitrary code.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Fuji Electric | Monitouch V-SFT-6 |
Affected:
6.2.7.0
Unaffected: 6.2.8.0 Unaffected: 6.2.9.0 or newer. |
Credits
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CVE-2025-54494 (GCVE-0-2025-54494)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-08-25 13:53 – Updated: 2025-11-03 18:13
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
A stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability exists in the MFER parsing functionality of The Biosig Project libbiosig 3.9.0 and Master Branch (35a819fa). A specially crafted MFER file can lead to arbitrary code execution. An attacker can provide a malicious file to trigger this vulnerability.This vulnerability manifests on line 9205 of biosig.c on the current master branch (35a819fa), when the Tag is 133:
else if (tag==133) //0x85
{
curPos += ifread(buf,1,len,hdr);
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-121 - Stack-based Buffer Overflow
Assigner
References
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| The Biosig Project | libbiosig |
Affected:
3.9.0
Affected: Master Branch (35a819fa) |
Credits
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CVE-2025-54493 (GCVE-0-2025-54493)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-08-25 13:53 – Updated: 2025-11-03 18:13
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
A stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability exists in the MFER parsing functionality of The Biosig Project libbiosig 3.9.0 and Master Branch (35a819fa). A specially crafted MFER file can lead to arbitrary code execution. An attacker can provide a malicious file to trigger this vulnerability.This vulnerability manifests on line 9184 of biosig.c on the current master branch (35a819fa), when the Tag is 131:
else if (tag==131) //0x83
{
// Patient Age
if (len!=7) fprintf(stderr,"Warning MFER tag131 incorrect length %i!=7\n",len);
curPos += ifread(buf,1,len,hdr);
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-121 - Stack-based Buffer Overflow
Assigner
References
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| The Biosig Project | libbiosig |
Affected:
3.9.0
Affected: Master Branch (35a819fa) |
Credits
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CVE-2025-54492 (GCVE-0-2025-54492)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-08-25 13:53 – Updated: 2025-11-03 18:13
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
A stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability exists in the MFER parsing functionality of The Biosig Project libbiosig 3.9.0 and Master Branch (35a819fa). A specially crafted MFER file can lead to arbitrary code execution. An attacker can provide a malicious file to trigger this vulnerability.This vulnerability manifests on line 9141 of biosig.c on the current master branch (35a819fa), when the Tag is 67:
else if (tag==67) //0x43: Sample skew
{
int skew=0; // [1]
curPos += ifread(&skew, 1, len,hdr);
In this case, the address of the newly-defined integer `skew` \[1\] is overflowed instead of `buf`. This means a stack overflow can occur using much smaller values of `len` in this code path.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-121 - Stack-based Buffer Overflow
Assigner
References
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| The Biosig Project | libbiosig |
Affected:
3.9.0
Affected: Master Branch (35a819fa) |
Credits
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CVE-2025-54491 (GCVE-0-2025-54491)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-08-25 13:53 – Updated: 2025-11-03 18:13
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
A stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability exists in the MFER parsing functionality of The Biosig Project libbiosig 3.9.0 and Master Branch (35a819fa). A specially crafted MFER file can lead to arbitrary code execution. An attacker can provide a malicious file to trigger this vulnerability.This vulnerability manifests on line 9191 of biosig.c on the current master branch (35a819fa), when the Tag is 65:
else if (tag==65) //0x41: patient event
{
// event table
curPos += ifread(buf,1,len,hdr);
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-121 - Stack-based Buffer Overflow
Assigner
References
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| The Biosig Project | libbiosig |
Affected:
3.9.0
Affected: Master Branch (35a819fa) |
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CVE-2025-54490 (GCVE-0-2025-54490)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-08-25 13:53 – Updated: 2025-11-03 18:13
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
A stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability exists in the MFER parsing functionality of The Biosig Project libbiosig 3.9.0 and Master Branch (35a819fa). A specially crafted MFER file can lead to arbitrary code execution. An attacker can provide a malicious file to trigger this vulnerability.This vulnerability manifests on line 9090 of biosig.c on the current master branch (35a819fa), when the Tag is 64:
else if (tag==64) //0x40
{
// preamble
char tmp[256]; // [1]
curPos += ifread(tmp,1,len,hdr);
In this case, the overflowed buffer is the newly-declared `tmp` \[1\] instead of `buf`. While `tmp` is larger than `buf`, having a size of 256 bytes, a stack overflow can still occur in cases where `len` is encoded using multiple octets and is greater than 256.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-121 - Stack-based Buffer Overflow
Assigner
References
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| The Biosig Project | libbiosig |
Affected:
3.9.0
Affected: Master Branch (35a819fa) |
Credits
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Mitigation MIT-10
Operation
Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
- D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Use an abstraction library to abstract away risky APIs. Not a complete solution.
Mitigation
Implementation
Implement and perform bounds checking on input.
Mitigation
Implementation
Do not use dangerous functions such as gets. Use safer, equivalent functions which check for boundary errors.
Mitigation MIT-11
Operation
Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
- Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.