CWE-121
AllowedStack-based Buffer Overflow
Abstraction: Variant · Status: Draft
A stack-based buffer overflow condition is a condition where the buffer being overwritten is allocated on the stack (i.e., is a local variable or, rarely, a parameter to a function).
5208 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-VP56-39MV-F923
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-02-13 00:32 – Updated: 2026-02-13 00:32FTP Commander Pro 8.03 contains a local stack overflow vulnerability that allows attackers to execute arbitrary code by overwriting the EIP register through a custom command input. Attackers can craft a malicious payload of 4108 bytes to overwrite memory and execute shellcode, demonstrating remote code execution potential.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-25332"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-02-12T23:16:06Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "FTP Commander Pro 8.03 contains a local stack overflow vulnerability that allows attackers to execute arbitrary code by overwriting the EIP register through a custom command input. Attackers can craft a malicious payload of 4108 bytes to overwrite memory and execute shellcode, demonstrating remote code execution potential.",
"id": "GHSA-vp56-39mv-f923",
"modified": "2026-02-13T00:32:52Z",
"published": "2026-02-13T00:32:52Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-25332"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/37810"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/47775"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/ftp-commander-pro-local-stack-overflow"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.internet-soft.com"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-VP89-77X6-5QQM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-05-08 18:30 – Updated: 2025-05-12 15:30TOTOLINK NR1800X V9.1.0u.6681_B20230703 was discovered to contain an authenticated stack overflow via the ssid5g parameter in the setWiFiEasyCfg function.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-45842"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-05-08T16:15:26Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "TOTOLINK NR1800X V9.1.0u.6681_B20230703 was discovered to contain an authenticated stack overflow via the ssid5g parameter in the setWiFiEasyCfg function.",
"id": "GHSA-vp89-77x6-5qqm",
"modified": "2025-05-12T15:30:40Z",
"published": "2025-05-08T18:30:42Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-45842"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/regainer27/CVE-key/tree/main/bo3"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.totolink.net"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.totolink.net/home/menu/detail/menu_listtpl/download/id/225/ids/36.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-VQ5G-X7H6-QPPV
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-11-10 18:30 – Updated: 2025-11-12 21:31TOTOLink A7000R V9.1.0u.6115_B20201022 was discovered to contain a stack overflow in the ssid parameter of the urldecode function. This vulnerability allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via a crafted request.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-63153"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-11-10T16:15:45Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "TOTOLink A7000R V9.1.0u.6115_B20201022 was discovered to contain a stack overflow in the ssid parameter of the urldecode function. This vulnerability allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via a crafted request.",
"id": "GHSA-vq5g-x7h6-qppv",
"modified": "2025-11-12T21:31:06Z",
"published": "2025-11-10T18:30:34Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-63153"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/0-fool/VulnbyCola/blob/main/TOTOLINK/A7000/6/1.md"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-VQ6X-89QW-7665
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-08-06 00:31 – Updated: 2024-08-06 00:31oFono CUSD Stack-based Buffer Overflow Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows local attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of oFono. An attacker must first obtain the ability to execute code on the target modem in order to exploit this vulnerability.
The specific flaw exists within the parsing of responses from AT+CUSD commands. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a stack-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of root. Was ZDI-CAN-23195.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-7539"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-08-06T00:15:35Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "oFono CUSD Stack-based Buffer Overflow Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows local attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of oFono. An attacker must first obtain the ability to execute code on the target modem in order to exploit this vulnerability.\n\nThe specific flaw exists within the parsing of responses from AT+CUSD commands. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a stack-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of root. Was ZDI-CAN-23195.",
"id": "GHSA-vq6x-89qw-7665",
"modified": "2024-08-06T00:31:20Z",
"published": "2024-08-06T00:31:20Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-7539"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-24-1079"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-VQCX-5XMF-2C7G
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-15 21:30 – Updated: 2026-06-15 21:30A stack overflow in the gf_opus_read_length function (media_tools/av_parsers.c) of GPAC MP4Box v2.4 allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via supplying a crafted MP4 file.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-55660"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-15T20:16:24Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A stack overflow in the gf_opus_read_length function (media_tools/av_parsers.c) of GPAC MP4Box v2.4 allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via supplying a crafted MP4 file.",
"id": "GHSA-vqcx-5xmf-2c7g",
"modified": "2026-06-15T21:30:37Z",
"published": "2026-06-15T21:30:37Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-55660"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://infosec.exchange/@sigdevel/116733892068649310"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/06/13/15"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-VQFJ-MM88-89M5
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-11-22 21:32 – Updated: 2024-11-22 21:32Luxion KeyShot 3DS File Parsing Stack-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Luxion KeyShot. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file.
The specific flaw exists within the parsing of 3DS files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a stack-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-23693.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-11578"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-11-22T21:15:16Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Luxion KeyShot 3DS File Parsing Stack-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Luxion KeyShot. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file.\n\nThe specific flaw exists within the parsing of 3DS files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a stack-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-23693.",
"id": "GHSA-vqfj-mm88-89m5",
"modified": "2024-11-22T21:32:18Z",
"published": "2024-11-22T21:32:18Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-11578"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://download.keyshot.com/cert/ksa-655925/ksa-655925.pdf?version=1.0\u0026_gl=1*1vzfrlf*_gcl_au*MTIxNTA2Njg4MS4xNzMxNTMwMjIx"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-24-1609"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-VQJW-HPH4-9R56
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-07-06 15:30 – Updated: 2025-11-04 21:30Multiple buffer overflow vulnerabilities exist in the vtysh_ubus binary of Milesight UR32L v32.3.0.5 due to the use of an unsafe sprintf pattern. A specially crafted HTTP request can lead to a buffer overflow. An attacker can send HTTP requests to trigger these vulnerabilities.This buffer overflow occurs in the set_l2tp function with the remote_subnet and the remote_mask variables.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-25112"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-07-06T15:15:14Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Multiple buffer overflow vulnerabilities exist in the vtysh_ubus binary of Milesight UR32L v32.3.0.5 due to the use of an unsafe sprintf pattern. A specially crafted HTTP request can lead to a buffer overflow. An attacker can send HTTP requests to trigger these vulnerabilities.This buffer overflow occurs in the set_l2tp function with the remote_subnet and the remote_mask variables.",
"id": "GHSA-vqjw-hph4-9r56",
"modified": "2025-11-04T21:30:36Z",
"published": "2023-07-06T15:30:34Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-25112"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2023-1716"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2023-1716"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-VQP5-2QC7-5HWG
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-04-17 15:30 – Updated: 2024-07-03 18:34Tenda W30E v1.0 V1.0.1.25(633) firmware has a stack overflow vulnerability via the qos parameter in the fromqossetting function.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-32287"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-04-17T14:15:08Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Tenda W30E v1.0 V1.0.1.25(633) firmware has a stack overflow vulnerability via the qos parameter in the fromqossetting function.",
"id": "GHSA-vqp5-2qc7-5hwg",
"modified": "2024-07-03T18:34:49Z",
"published": "2024-04-17T15:30:43Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-32287"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/abcdefg-png/IoT-vulnerable/blob/main/Tenda/W30E/fromqossetting.md"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-VR3R-85RJ-X4P4
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-02-17 00:00 – Updated: 2022-04-01 00:01A stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability exists in the Gerber Viewer gerber and excellon ReadXYCoord coordinate parsing functionality of KiCad EDA 6.0.1 and master commit de006fc010. A specially-crafted gerber or excellon file can lead to code execution. An attacker can provide a malicious file to trigger this vulnerability.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-23803"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-02-16T17:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability exists in the Gerber Viewer gerber and excellon ReadXYCoord coordinate parsing functionality of KiCad EDA 6.0.1 and master commit de006fc010. A specially-crafted gerber or excellon file can lead to code execution. An attacker can provide a malicious file to trigger this vulnerability.",
"id": "GHSA-vr3r-85rj-x4p4",
"modified": "2022-04-01T00:01:09Z",
"published": "2022-02-17T00:00:28Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-23803"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2022/05/msg00009.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2022/08/msg00010.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/5EMCGSSP3FIWCSL2KXVXLF35JYZKZE5Q"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2022-1453"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2022/dsa-5214"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-VR5H-9PPX-X962
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-02-11 21:30 – Updated: 2026-02-11 21:30Allok RM RMVB to AVI MPEG DVD Converter 3.6.1217 contains a stack overflow vulnerability that allows attackers to execute arbitrary code by overwriting Structured Exception Handler (SEH) registers. Attackers can craft a malicious payload in the License Name input field to trigger a buffer overflow and execute system commands like calc.exe.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-37183"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-02-11T21:16:11Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Allok RM RMVB to AVI MPEG DVD Converter 3.6.1217 contains a stack overflow vulnerability that allows attackers to execute arbitrary code by overwriting Structured Exception Handler (SEH) registers. Attackers can craft a malicious payload in the License Name input field to trigger a buffer overflow and execute system commands like calc.exe.",
"id": "GHSA-vr5h-9ppx-x962",
"modified": "2026-02-11T21:30:41Z",
"published": "2026-02-11T21:30:41Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-37183"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.alloksoft.com"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/47910"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/allok-rm-rmvb-to-avi-mpeg-dvd-converter-stack-overflow-seh"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-10
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
- D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation
Use an abstraction library to abstract away risky APIs. Not a complete solution.
Mitigation
Implement and perform bounds checking on input.
Mitigation
Do not use dangerous functions such as gets. Use safer, equivalent functions which check for boundary errors.
Mitigation MIT-11
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
- Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.