Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-121
AllowedStack-based Buffer Overflow
Abstraction: Variant · Status: Draft
A stack-based buffer overflow condition is a condition where the buffer being overwritten is allocated on the stack (i.e., is a local variable or, rarely, a parameter to a function).
5237 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-JJR5-FPCG-GC53
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-04-03 18:30 – Updated: 2025-10-22 00:33
VLAI
Details
A stack-based buffer overflow in Ivanti Connect Secure before version 22.7R2.6, Ivanti Policy Secure before version 22.7R1.4, and Ivanti ZTA Gateways before version 22.8R2.2 allows a remote unauthenticated attacker to achieve remote code execution.
Severity
9.0 (Critical)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-22457"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-04-03T16:15:35Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "A stack-based buffer overflow in Ivanti Connect Secure before version 22.7R2.6, Ivanti Policy Secure before version 22.7R1.4, and Ivanti ZTA Gateways before version 22.8R2.2 allows a remote unauthenticated attacker to achieve remote code execution.",
"id": "GHSA-jjr5-fpcg-gc53",
"modified": "2025-10-22T00:33:16Z",
"published": "2025-04-03T18:30:58Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-22457"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://forums.ivanti.com/s/article/April-Security-Advisory-Ivanti-Connect-Secure-Policy-Secure-ZTA-Gateways-CVE-2025-22457"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2025-22457"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-JM9G-C5GQ-M5V9
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-02-19 00:30 – Updated: 2026-02-19 00:30
VLAI
Details
MailCarrier 2.51 contains a buffer overflow vulnerability in the POP3 USER command that allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code. Attackers can send a crafted oversized buffer to the POP3 service, overwriting memory and potentially gaining remote system access.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-25364"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-02-18T22:16:22Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "MailCarrier 2.51 contains a buffer overflow vulnerability in the POP3 USER command that allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code. Attackers can send a crafted oversized buffer to the POP3 service, overwriting memory and potentially gaining remote system access.",
"id": "GHSA-jm9g-c5gq-m5v9",
"modified": "2026-02-19T00:30:29Z",
"published": "2026-02-19T00:30:29Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-25364"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/47554"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.tabslab.com"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/win-mailcarrier-pop-user-remote-buffer-overflow"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-JMHC-VXG9-H2G4
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2021-12-09 00:01 – Updated: 2025-10-22 00:32
VLAI
Details
A Stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability in SMA100 Apache httpd server's mod_cgi module environment variables allows a remote unauthenticated attacker to potentially execute code as a 'nobody' user in the appliance. This vulnerability affected SMA 200, 210, 400, 410 and 500v appliances firmware 10.2.0.8-37sv, 10.2.1.1-19sv, 10.2.1.2-24sv and earlier versions.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-20038"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-12-08T10:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "A Stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability in SMA100 Apache httpd server\u0027s mod_cgi module environment variables allows a remote unauthenticated attacker to potentially execute code as a \u0027nobody\u0027 user in the appliance. This vulnerability affected SMA 200, 210, 400, 410 and 500v appliances firmware 10.2.0.8-37sv, 10.2.1.1-19sv, 10.2.1.2-24sv and earlier versions.",
"id": "GHSA-jmhc-vxg9-h2g4",
"modified": "2025-10-22T00:32:26Z",
"published": "2021-12-09T00:01:13Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-20038"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/jbaines-r7/badblood"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://psirt.global.sonicwall.com/vuln-detail/SNWLID-2021-0026"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2021-20038"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.rapid7.com/blog/post/2022/01/11/cve-2021-20038-42-sonicwall-sma-100-multiple-vulnerabilities-fixed-2"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-JPC8-626F-3QRQ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-03-26 21:30 – Updated: 2024-08-03 21:30
VLAI
Details
An issue in TRENDnet Trendnet AC1200 Dual Band PoE Indoor Wireless Access Point TEW-821DAP v.3.00b06 allows an attacker to execute arbitrary code via the 'mycli' command-line interface component.
Severity
8.0 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-51148"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-03-26T21:15:52Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An issue in TRENDnet Trendnet AC1200 Dual Band PoE Indoor Wireless Access Point TEW-821DAP v.3.00b06 allows an attacker to execute arbitrary code via the \u0027mycli\u0027 command-line interface component.",
"id": "GHSA-jpc8-626f-3qrq",
"modified": "2024-08-03T21:30:34Z",
"published": "2024-03-26T21:30:47Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-51148"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/SpikeReply/advisories/blob/main/cve/trendnet/cve-2023-51148.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://trendnet.com"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-JPF5-P3RF-F84J
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-07-07 03:30 – Updated: 2025-07-07 03:30
VLAI
Details
Stack overflow risk when vector images are parsed during file preview Impact: Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may affect the file preview function.
Severity
4.0 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-58117"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-07-07T03:15:26Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Stack overflow risk when vector images are parsed during file preview\nImpact: Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may affect the file preview function.",
"id": "GHSA-jpf5-p3rf-f84j",
"modified": "2025-07-07T03:30:22Z",
"published": "2025-07-07T03:30:22Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-58117"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://consumer.huawei.com/en/support/bulletin/2025/7"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-JPGM-G5CC-54QG
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-12-06 18:30 – Updated: 2024-12-06 18:30
VLAI
Details
The affected product is vulnerable to a stack-based buffer overflow. An unauthenticated attacker could send a malicious HTTP request that the webserver fails to properly check input size before copying data to the stack, potentially allowing remote code execution.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-48871"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-12-06T18:15:25Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "The affected product is vulnerable to a stack-based buffer overflow. An unauthenticated attacker could send a malicious HTTP request that the webserver fails to properly check input size before copying data to the stack, potentially allowing remote code execution.",
"id": "GHSA-jpgm-g5cc-54qg",
"modified": "2024-12-06T18:30:46Z",
"published": "2024-12-06T18:30:46Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-48871"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/ics-advisories/icsa-24-340-02"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.planet.com.tw/en/support/downloads?method=keyword\u0026keyword=v1.305b241111"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-JPV7-733X-P7QW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-07-26 21:31 – Updated: 2024-07-26 21:31
VLAI
Details
A privilege escalation vulnerability was discovered in XCC that could allow an authenticated XCC user with elevated privileges to execute arbitrary code via a specially crafted IPMI command.
Severity
7.2 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-38509"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-07-26T20:15:03Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A privilege escalation vulnerability was discovered in XCC that could allow an authenticated XCC user with elevated privileges to execute arbitrary code via a specially crafted IPMI command.",
"id": "GHSA-jpv7-733x-p7qw",
"modified": "2024-07-26T21:31:15Z",
"published": "2024-07-26T21:31:15Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-38509"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.lenovo.com/us/en/product_security/LEN-156781"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-JPW5-97M6-C8M2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:16 – Updated: 2025-12-18 00:34
VLAI
Details
procps-ng before version 3.3.15 is vulnerable to a stack buffer overflow in pgrep. This vulnerability is mitigated by FORTIFY, as it involves strncat() to a stack-allocated string. When pgrep is compiled with FORTIFY (as on Red Hat Enterprise Linux and Fedora), the impact is limited to a crash.
Severity
7.5 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-1125"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-05-23T14:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "procps-ng before version 3.3.15 is vulnerable to a stack buffer overflow in pgrep. This vulnerability is mitigated by FORTIFY, as it involves strncat() to a stack-allocated string. When pgrep is compiled with FORTIFY (as on Red Hat Enterprise Linux and Fedora), the impact is limited to a crash.",
"id": "GHSA-jpw5-97m6-c8m2",
"modified": "2025-12-18T00:34:04Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:16:28Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-1125"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=CVE-2018-1125"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2018/05/msg00021.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/3658-1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/3658-3"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2018/dsa-4208"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.qualys.com/2018/05/17/procps-ng-audit-report-advisory.txt"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-10/msg00058.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-10/msg00059.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/oss-sec/2018/q2/122"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/104214"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-JPXP-6RP5-3WG3
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-02-11 00:00 – Updated: 2025-10-22 00:32
VLAI
Details
Multiple vulnerabilities in Cisco Small Business RV160, RV260, RV340, and RV345 Series Routers could allow an attacker to do any of the following: Execute arbitrary code Elevate privileges Execute arbitrary commands Bypass authentication and authorization protections Fetch and run unsigned software Cause denial of service (DoS) For more information about these vulnerabilities, see the Details section of this advisory.
Severity
8.4 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-20703"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-295",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-02-10T18:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Multiple vulnerabilities in Cisco Small Business RV160, RV260, RV340, and RV345 Series Routers could allow an attacker to do any of the following: Execute arbitrary code Elevate privileges Execute arbitrary commands Bypass authentication and authorization protections Fetch and run unsigned software Cause denial of service (DoS) For more information about these vulnerabilities, see the Details section of this advisory.",
"id": "GHSA-jpxp-6rp5-3wg3",
"modified": "2025-10-22T00:32:29Z",
"published": "2022-02-11T00:00:44Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-20703"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-smb-mult-vuln-KA9PK6D"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2022-20703"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-22-408"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-22-413"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-JQ6R-QXVF-4WRV
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-04-27 09:30 – Updated: 2024-04-27 09:30
VLAI
Details
A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, was found in Tenda i21 1.0.0.14(4656). This affects the function formQosManageDouble_auto. The manipulation of the argument ssidIndex leads to stack-based buffer overflow. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The identifier VDB-262137 was assigned to this vulnerability. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
Severity
8.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-4246"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-04-27T09:15:09Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, was found in Tenda i21 1.0.0.14(4656). This affects the function formQosManageDouble_auto. The manipulation of the argument ssidIndex leads to stack-based buffer overflow. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The identifier VDB-262137 was assigned to this vulnerability. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.",
"id": "GHSA-jq6r-qxvf-4wrv",
"modified": "2024-04-27T09:30:34Z",
"published": "2024-04-27T09:30:34Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-4246"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/abcdefg-png/IoT-vulnerable/blob/main/Tenda/i/i21/formQosManageDouble_user.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.262137"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.262137"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.319831"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-10
Operation
Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
- D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Use an abstraction library to abstract away risky APIs. Not a complete solution.
Mitigation
Implementation
Implement and perform bounds checking on input.
Mitigation
Implementation
Do not use dangerous functions such as gets. Use safer, equivalent functions which check for boundary errors.
Mitigation MIT-11
Operation
Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
- Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.