CWE-121
AllowedStack-based Buffer Overflow
Abstraction: Variant · Status: Draft
A stack-based buffer overflow condition is a condition where the buffer being overwritten is allocated on the stack (i.e., is a local variable or, rarely, a parameter to a function).
5245 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-9VWX-MWX6-73VM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-07-08 18:31 – Updated: 2025-11-04 18:31A stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability exists in the boa formRoute functionality of Realtek rtl819x Jungle SDK v3.4.11. A specially crafted series of HTTP requests can lead to remote code execution. An attacker can send an HTTP request to trigger this vulnerability.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-41251"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-07-08T16:15:03Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability exists in the boa formRoute functionality of Realtek rtl819x Jungle SDK v3.4.11. A specially crafted series of HTTP requests can lead to remote code execution. An attacker can send an HTTP request to trigger this vulnerability.",
"id": "GHSA-9vwx-mwx6-73vm",
"modified": "2025-11-04T18:31:06Z",
"published": "2024-07-08T18:31:17Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-41251"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2023-1894"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2023-1894"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-9W3M-GQGF-C4P9
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-09-06 00:00 – Updated: 2024-03-15 12:30Using snakeYAML to parse untrusted YAML files may be vulnerable to Denial of Service attacks (DoS). If the parser is running on user supplied input, an attacker may supply content that causes the parser to crash by stack-overflow.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "org.yaml:snakeyaml"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.32"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-38752"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2022-09-13T21:29:45Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2022-09-05T10:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Using snakeYAML to parse untrusted YAML files may be vulnerable to Denial of Service attacks (DoS). If the parser is running on user supplied input, an attacker may supply content that causes the parser to crash by stack-overflow.",
"id": "GHSA-9w3m-gqgf-c4p9",
"modified": "2024-03-15T12:30:35Z",
"published": "2022-09-06T00:00:27Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-38752"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://bitbucket.org/snakeyaml/snakeyaml"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bitbucket.org/snakeyaml/snakeyaml/issues/531/stackoverflow-oss-fuzz-47081"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugs.chromium.org/p/oss-fuzz/issues/detail?id=47081"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202305-28"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20240315-0009"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "snakeYAML before 1.32 vulnerable to Denial of Service due to Out-of-bounds Write"
}
GHSA-9W3W-6XHH-85VW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-05-03 03:30 – Updated: 2024-05-03 03:30D-Link DAP-2622 DDP Configuration Backup Server IPv6 Address Stack-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of D-Link DAP-2622 routers. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability.
The specific flaw exists within the DDP service. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a fixed-length stack-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of root. Was ZDI-CAN-20066.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-35739"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-05-03T02:15:37Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "D-Link DAP-2622 DDP Configuration Backup Server IPv6 Address Stack-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of D-Link DAP-2622 routers. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability.\n\nThe specific flaw exists within the DDP service. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a fixed-length stack-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of root. Was ZDI-CAN-20066.",
"id": "GHSA-9w3w-6xhh-85vw",
"modified": "2024-05-03T03:30:53Z",
"published": "2024-05-03T03:30:53Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-35739"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://supportannouncement.us.dlink.com/announcement/publication.aspx?name=SAP10349"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-23-1244"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-9W7H-HRJ6-7QC6
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-07-06 15:30 – Updated: 2025-11-04 21:30Multiple buffer overflow vulnerabilities exist in the vtysh_ubus binary of Milesight UR32L v32.3.0.5 due to the use of an unsafe sprintf pattern. A specially crafted HTTP request can lead to a buffer overflow. An attacker can send HTTP requests to trigger these vulnerabilities.This buffer overflow occurs in the into_class_node function with either the class_name or old_class_name variable.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-25094"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-07-06T15:15:13Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Multiple buffer overflow vulnerabilities exist in the vtysh_ubus binary of Milesight UR32L v32.3.0.5 due to the use of an unsafe sprintf pattern. A specially crafted HTTP request can lead to a buffer overflow. An attacker can send HTTP requests to trigger these vulnerabilities.This buffer overflow occurs in the into_class_node function with either the class_name or old_class_name variable.",
"id": "GHSA-9w7h-hrj6-7qc6",
"modified": "2025-11-04T21:30:35Z",
"published": "2023-07-06T15:30:34Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-25094"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2023-1716"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2023-1716"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-9W8V-XH62-PVW6
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:06 – Updated: 2023-10-03 15:30This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of OpenText Brava! Desktop 16.6.3.84. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the parsing of CGM files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a stack-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-12653.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-31507"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-06-29T15:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of OpenText Brava! Desktop 16.6.3.84. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the parsing of CGM files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a stack-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-12653.",
"id": "GHSA-9w8v-xh62-pvw6",
"modified": "2023-10-03T15:30:27Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:06:31Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-31507"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.cvedetails.com/vulnerability-list/vendor_id-2032/product_id-96672/Opentext-Brava-Desktop.html?page=1\u0026opec=1\u0026order=1\u0026trc=35\u0026sha=37f4ed0596f8ccacca7d571f22a38c97b0f19f4c"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.opentext.com/products/brava"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-21-685"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-9WCC-FP9G-MCJC
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-10-07 18:31 – Updated: 2024-10-07 21:33D-Link COVR-2600R FW101b05 is vulnerable to Buffer Overflow. In the function sub_24E28, the HTTP_REFERER is obtained through an environment variable, and this field is controllable, allowing it to be used as the value for src.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-44674"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-10-07T18:15:04Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "D-Link COVR-2600R FW101b05 is vulnerable to Buffer Overflow. In the function sub_24E28, the HTTP_REFERER is obtained through an environment variable, and this field is controllable, allowing it to be used as the value for src.",
"id": "GHSA-9wcc-fp9g-mcjc",
"modified": "2024-10-07T21:33:30Z",
"published": "2024-10-07T18:31:09Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-44674"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/REYu6/iot/blob/21e59c0cf491a9663423c515370c4fcb43436ae0/CVE/dlink/Covr-3902/2600R.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.dlink.com/en/security-bulletin"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-9WF6-V3PW-M2HH
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-08-06 00:00 – Updated: 2022-08-09 00:00A stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability exists in the confsrv set_port_fwd_rule functionality of TCL LinkHub Mesh Wifi MS1G_00_01.00_14. A specially-crafted network packet can lead to stack-based buffer overflow. An attacker can send a malicious packet to trigger this vulnerability.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-23399"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-08-05T22:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "A stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability exists in the confsrv set_port_fwd_rule functionality of TCL LinkHub Mesh Wifi MS1G_00_01.00_14. A specially-crafted network packet can lead to stack-based buffer overflow. An attacker can send a malicious packet to trigger this vulnerability.",
"id": "GHSA-9wf6-v3pw-m2hh",
"modified": "2022-08-09T00:00:21Z",
"published": "2022-08-06T00:00:35Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-23399"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2022-1454"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-9WFQ-RQG3-9FM2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-08-25 15:32 – Updated: 2025-11-03 21:34A stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability exists in the MFER parsing functionality of The Biosig Project libbiosig 3.9.0 and Master Branch (35a819fa). A specially crafted MFER file can lead to arbitrary code execution. An attacker can provide a malicious file to trigger this vulnerability.This vulnerability manifests on line 8842 of biosig.c on the current master branch (35a819fa), when the Tag is 12:
else if (tag==12) //0x0C
{
// sampling resolution
if (len>6) fprintf(stderr,"Warning MFER tag12 incorrect length %i>6\n",len);
val32 = 0;
int8_t v8;
curPos += ifread(&UnitCode,1,1,hdr);
curPos += ifread(&v8,1,1,hdr);
curPos += ifread(buf,1,len-2,hdr);
In addition to values of len greater than 130 triggering a buffer overflow, a value of len smaller than 2 will also trigger a buffer overflow due to an integer underflow when computing len-2 in this code path.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-54487"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-08-25T14:15:34Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "A stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability exists in the MFER parsing functionality of The Biosig Project libbiosig 3.9.0 and Master Branch (35a819fa). A specially crafted MFER file can lead to arbitrary code execution. An attacker can provide a malicious file to trigger this vulnerability.This vulnerability manifests on line 8842 of biosig.c on the current master branch (35a819fa), when the Tag is 12:\n\n else if (tag==12) //0x0C\n {\n // sampling resolution\n if (len\u003e6) fprintf(stderr,\"Warning MFER tag12 incorrect length %i\u003e6\\n\",len);\n val32 = 0;\n int8_t v8;\n curPos += ifread(\u0026UnitCode,1,1,hdr);\n curPos += ifread(\u0026v8,1,1,hdr);\n curPos += ifread(buf,1,len-2,hdr);\n\nIn addition to values of `len` greater than 130 triggering a buffer overflow, a value of `len` smaller than 2 will also trigger a buffer overflow due to an integer underflow when computing `len-2` in this code path.",
"id": "GHSA-9wfq-rqg3-9fm2",
"modified": "2025-11-03T21:34:23Z",
"published": "2025-08-25T15:32:01Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-54487"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2025-2234"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2025-2234"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-9WFW-3RHC-XC4G
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-02-10 00:00 – Updated: 2023-06-26 21:30A vulnerability has been identified in Simcenter Femap V2020.2 (All versions), Simcenter Femap V2021.1 (All versions). Affected application contains a stack based buffer overflow vulnerability while parsing NEU files. This could allow an attacker to execute code in the context of the current process. (ZDI-CAN-15085, ZDI-CAN-15289, ZDI-CAN-15602)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-46158"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-1284",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-02-09T16:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A vulnerability has been identified in Simcenter Femap V2020.2 (All versions), Simcenter Femap V2021.1 (All versions). Affected application contains a stack based buffer overflow vulnerability while parsing NEU files. This could allow an attacker to execute code in the context of the current process. (ZDI-CAN-15085, ZDI-CAN-15289, ZDI-CAN-15602)",
"id": "GHSA-9wfw-3rhc-xc4g",
"modified": "2023-06-26T21:30:56Z",
"published": "2022-02-10T00:00:27Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-46158"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/pdf/ssa-609880.pdf"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-22-311"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-22-312"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-22-313"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-9WGQ-FHM2-PJF3
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-10-24 19:00 – Updated: 2024-09-30 15:30Command injection and multiple stack-based buffer overflows vulnerabilities in the modifyUserb_func function of spx_restservice allow an attacker to execute arbitrary code with the same privileges as the server user (root). This issue affects: Lanner Inc IAC-AST2500A standard firmware version 1.10.0.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-26731"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-10-24T14:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Command injection and multiple stack-based buffer overflows vulnerabilities in the modifyUserb_func function of spx_restservice allow an attacker to execute arbitrary code with the same privileges as the server user (root). This issue affects: Lanner Inc IAC-AST2500A standard firmware version 1.10.0.",
"id": "GHSA-9wgq-fhm2-pjf3",
"modified": "2024-09-30T15:30:43Z",
"published": "2022-10-24T19:00:17Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-26731"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelist/blob/master/2021/26xxx/CVE-2021-26731.json"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.nozominetworks.com/blog/vulnerabilities-in-bmc-firmware-affect-ot-iot-device-security-part-1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.nozominetworks.com/labs/vulnerability-advisories/CVE-2021-26731"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-10
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
- D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation
Use an abstraction library to abstract away risky APIs. Not a complete solution.
Mitigation
Implement and perform bounds checking on input.
Mitigation
Do not use dangerous functions such as gets. Use safer, equivalent functions which check for boundary errors.
Mitigation MIT-11
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
- Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.