Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-121

Allowed

Stack-based Buffer Overflow

Abstraction: Variant · Status: Draft

A stack-based buffer overflow condition is a condition where the buffer being overwritten is allocated on the stack (i.e., is a local variable or, rarely, a parameter to a function).

5783 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-5VQ7-HMWF-89W5

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-09-12 18:30 – Updated: 2026-09-12 18:30
VLAI
Details

sngrep through 1.8.4 contains stack buffer overflow vulnerabilities in SIP attribute formatting routines when header values exceed the 255-byte buffer limit. Attackers can craft malicious SIP packets with oversized Call-ID, X-Call-ID, or other header fields to overflow stack buffers and cause crashes or execute arbitrary code during packet parsing and rendering.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-90558"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-121"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-09-12T18:16:44Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "sngrep through 1.8.4 contains stack buffer overflow vulnerabilities in SIP attribute formatting routines when header values exceed the 255-byte buffer limit. Attackers can craft malicious SIP packets with oversized Call-ID, X-Call-ID, or other header fields to overflow stack buffers and cause crashes or execute arbitrary code during packet parsing and rendering.",
  "id": "GHSA-5vq7-hmwf-89w5",
  "modified": "2026-09-12T18:30:22Z",
  "published": "2026-09-12T18:30:22Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-90558"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/irontec/sngrep/commit/1ff74ee3ab5ff280e8ba976aa8c744dca57eb35b"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/irontec/sngrep"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/irontec/sngrep/blob/v1.8.4/src/sip_call.c#L260"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/irontec/sngrep/blob/v1.8.4/src/sip_msg.c#L150"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/sngrep-through-1.8.4-stack-buffer-overflow-via-sip-headers"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-5VQ8-PMHC-C7Q2

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-01-12 00:30 – Updated: 2023-01-23 18:30
VLAI
Details

Multiple exploitable buffer overflow vulnerabilities exist in the PubNub message handler for the "cc" channel of Insteon Hub running firmware version 1012. Specially crafted commands sent through the PubNub service can cause a stack-based buffer overflow overwriting arbitrary data. An attacker should send an authenticated HTTP request to trigger this vulnerability. In cmd g_b, at 0x9d015a8c, the value for the val key is copied using strcpy to the buffer at $sp+0x2b0.This buffer is 32 bytes large, sending anything longer will cause a buffer overflow.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2017-16263"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-121",
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-01-11T22:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Multiple exploitable buffer overflow vulnerabilities exist in the PubNub message handler for the \"cc\" channel of Insteon Hub running firmware version 1012. Specially crafted commands sent through the PubNub service can cause a stack-based buffer overflow overwriting arbitrary data. An attacker should send an authenticated HTTP request to trigger this vulnerability. In cmd g_b, at 0x9d015a8c, the value for the `val` key is copied using `strcpy` to the buffer at `$sp+0x2b0`.This buffer is 32 bytes large, sending anything longer will cause a buffer overflow.",
  "id": "GHSA-5vq8-pmhc-c7q2",
  "modified": "2023-01-23T18:30:19Z",
  "published": "2023-01-12T00:30:19Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-16263"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2017-0483"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-5VQ9-CJ6J-3H3R

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-09 18:30 – Updated: 2026-06-18 18:35
VLAI
Details

Insufficient input validation of buffers vulnerability in the listed NETGEAR models allows authenticated administrators connected to the local network to make unauthorized modification of router software and functionality.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-0413"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-121"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-06-09T17:16:58Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Insufficient input validation of buffers vulnerability in the\u00a0listed NETGEAR models allows\u00a0authenticated administrators connected to the local network to make unauthorized modification of router software and functionality.",
  "id": "GHSA-5vq9-cj6j-3h3r",
  "modified": "2026-06-18T18:35:17Z",
  "published": "2026-06-09T18:30:40Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-0413"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://kb.netgear.com/000070811/June-2026-NETGEAR-Security-Advisory"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.netgear.com/support/product/rbe372"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.netgear.com/support/product/rbe770"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.netgear.com/support/product/rbr750"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.netgear.com/support/product/rbr840"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.netgear.com/support/product/rbr850"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.netgear.com/support/product/rbr860"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.netgear.com/support/product/rbre950"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.netgear.com/support/product/rbre960"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.netgear.com/support/product/rbs750"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.netgear.com/support/product/rbs840"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.netgear.com/support/product/rbs850"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.netgear.com/support/product/rbs860"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.netgear.com/support/product/rbse950"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.netgear.com/support/product/rbse960"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-5VQC-63MJ-RGGW

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-03-20 15:32 – Updated: 2024-08-02 21:31
VLAI
Details

Buffer Overflow vulnerability in open source FreeImage v.3.19.0 [r1909] allows a local attacker to execute arbitrary code via the _assignPixel<>() function when reading images in TARGA format.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-28581"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-121"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-03-20T06:15:11Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Buffer Overflow vulnerability in open source FreeImage v.3.19.0 [r1909] allows a local attacker to execute arbitrary code via the _assignPixel\u003c\u003e() function when reading images in TARGA format.",
  "id": "GHSA-5vqc-63mj-rggw",
  "modified": "2024-08-02T21:31:33Z",
  "published": "2024-03-20T15:32:46Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-28581"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/Ruanxingzhi/vul-report/tree/master/freeimage-r1909"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-5W36-X85H-PPHM

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-01-27 21:31 – Updated: 2026-06-30 03:35
VLAI
Details

In GnuPG before 2.5.17, a crafted CMS (S/MIME) EnvelopedData message carrying an oversized wrapped session key can cause a stack-based buffer overflow in gpg-agent during PKDECRYPT--kem=CMS handling. This can easily be leveraged for denial of service; however, there is also memory corruption that could lead to remote code execution.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-24881"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-121"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-01-27T19:16:16Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "In GnuPG before 2.5.17, a crafted CMS (S/MIME) EnvelopedData message carrying an oversized wrapped session key can cause a stack-based buffer overflow in gpg-agent during PKDECRYPT--kem=CMS handling. This can easily be leveraged for denial of service; however, there is also memory corruption that could lead to remote code execution.",
  "id": "GHSA-5w36-x85h-pphm",
  "modified": "2026-06-30T03:35:30Z",
  "published": "2026-01-27T21:31:49Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-24881"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-24881"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2433480"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://dev.gnupg.org/T8044"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-24881.json"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/01/27/8"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-5W53-GHHH-45V8

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-06 15:32 – Updated: 2026-08-10 18:32
VLAI
Details

Stack-based Buffer Overflow vulnerability in the WatchGuard Agent discovery service on Windows allows Overflow Buffers. An unauthenticated attacker on the same local network could exploit this vulnerability to crash the agent service.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-41287"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-121"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-05-06T15:16:10Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Stack-based Buffer Overflow vulnerability in the WatchGuard Agent discovery service on Windows allows Overflow Buffers. An unauthenticated attacker on the same local network could exploit this vulnerability to crash the agent service.",
  "id": "GHSA-5w53-ghhh-45v8",
  "modified": "2026-08-10T18:32:01Z",
  "published": "2026-05-06T15:32:41Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-41287"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://psirt.watchguard.com/CVE-2026-41287"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.watchguard.com/wgrd-psirt/advisory/wgsa-2026-00010"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-5W8C-RF58-5848

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:41 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:41
VLAI
Details

Multiple vulnerabilities in the web-based management interface of Cisco Small Business RV016, RV042, RV042G, RV082, RV320, and RV325 Routers could allow an authenticated, remote attacker to execute arbitrary code or cause an affected device to restart unexpectedly. These vulnerabilities are due to improper validation of user-supplied input in the web-based management interface. An attacker could exploit these vulnerabilities by sending crafted HTTP requests to an affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to execute arbitrary code as the root user on the underlying operating system or cause the device to reload, resulting in a denial of service (DoS) condition. To exploit these vulnerabilities, an attacker would need to have valid administrator credentials on the affected device.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-1329"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-121"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-02-04T17:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Multiple vulnerabilities in the web-based management interface of Cisco Small Business RV016, RV042, RV042G, RV082, RV320, and RV325 Routers could allow an authenticated, remote attacker to execute arbitrary code or cause an affected device to restart unexpectedly. These vulnerabilities are due to improper validation of user-supplied input in the web-based management interface. An attacker could exploit these vulnerabilities by sending crafted HTTP requests to an affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to execute arbitrary code as the root user on the underlying operating system or cause the device to reload, resulting in a denial of service (DoS) condition. To exploit these vulnerabilities, an attacker would need to have valid administrator credentials on the affected device.",
  "id": "GHSA-5w8c-rf58-5848",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T17:41:03Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T17:41:03Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-1329"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-rv-overflow-ghZP68yj"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-5WCR-RMV8-7C46

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-09-09 18:31 – Updated: 2025-09-10 15:31
VLAI
Details

Tenda G3 v3.0br_V15.11.0.17 was discovered to contain a stack overflow in the vpnUsers parameter in the formAddVpnUsers function. This vulnerability allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via a crafted request.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-57071"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-121"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-09-09T17:16:09Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Tenda G3 v3.0br_V15.11.0.17 was discovered to contain a stack overflow in the vpnUsers parameter in the formAddVpnUsers function. This vulnerability allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via a crafted request.",
  "id": "GHSA-5wcr-rmv8-7c46",
  "modified": "2025-09-10T15:31:15Z",
  "published": "2025-09-09T18:31:24Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-57071"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/vulnDetailRecord/VulforDevice/blob/main/Tenda/G3/formAddVpnUsers.md"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-5WCV-84V4-WH3Q

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-09-08 18:32 – Updated: 2026-09-08 18:32
VLAI
Details

Stack-based buffer overflow in Microsoft Office Word allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-69759"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-121"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-09-08T18:19:47Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Stack-based buffer overflow in Microsoft Office Word allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.",
  "id": "GHSA-5wcv-84v4-wh3q",
  "modified": "2026-09-08T18:32:57Z",
  "published": "2026-09-08T18:32:57Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-69759"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-69759"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-5WPM-59M4-CXH5

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-03-22 06:30 – Updated: 2024-03-22 06:30
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability classified as critical was found in Tenda AC15 15.03.05.18/15.03.20_multi. This vulnerability affects the function formExpandDlnaFile of the file /goform/expandDlnaFile. The manipulation of the argument filePath leads to stack-based buffer overflow. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. VDB-257662 is the identifier assigned to this vulnerability. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-2807"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-121"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-03-22T05:15:48Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability classified as critical was found in Tenda AC15 15.03.05.18/15.03.20_multi. This vulnerability affects the function formExpandDlnaFile of the file /goform/expandDlnaFile. The manipulation of the argument filePath leads to stack-based buffer overflow. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. VDB-257662 is the identifier assigned to this vulnerability. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.",
  "id": "GHSA-5wpm-59m4-cxh5",
  "modified": "2024-03-22T06:30:25Z",
  "published": "2024-03-22T06:30:25Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-2807"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/abcdefg-png/IoT-vulnerable/blob/main/Tenda/AC15/V1.0%20V15.03.20_multi/formExpandDlnaFile.md"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.257662"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.257662"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

Mitigation MIT-10
Operation Build and Compilation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

  • Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
  • D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Use an abstraction library to abstract away risky APIs. Not a complete solution.

Mitigation
Implementation

Implement and perform bounds checking on input.

Mitigation
Implementation

Do not use dangerous functions such as gets. Use safer, equivalent functions which check for boundary errors.

Mitigation MIT-11
Operation Build and Compilation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

  • Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
  • Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
  • For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].

No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.