CVE-2026-13149 (GCVE-0-2026-13149)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-30 08:30 – Updated: 2026-07-08 11:38
VLAI
Summary
brace-expansion through 5.0.6 is vulnerable to denial of service. The expand() function exhibits exponential-time complexity in the number of consecutive non-expanding '{}' brace groups. An attacker who passes a crafted string to expand(), directly or transitively, can cause significant CPU consumption and event-loop blocking. The max option does not mitigate this, as it bounds the output size rather than the recursion work.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-06-30 12:43 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-400 - Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
  • CWE-407 - Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version CPE status
juliangruber brace-expansion Affected: 0 , ≤ 5.0.6 (semver)
guessed Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Show details on NVD website

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2026-13149",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "yes"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2026-06-30T12:43:12.568372Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2026-06-30T12:43:23.029Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "collectionURL": "https://registry.npmjs.org",
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "packageName": "brace-expansion",
          "product": "brace-expansion",
          "repo": "https://github.com/juliangruber/brace-expansion",
          "vendor": "juliangruber",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "5.0.6",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "credits": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "type": "finder",
          "value": "bnbdr"
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "supportingMedia": [
            {
              "base64": false,
              "type": "text/html",
              "value": "brace-expansion through 5.0.6 is vulnerable to denial of service. The expand() function exhibits exponential-time complexity in the number of consecutive non-expanding \u0027{}\u0027 brace groups. An attacker who passes a crafted string to expand(), directly or transitively, can cause significant CPU consumption and event-loop blocking. The max option does not mitigate this, as it bounds the output size rather than the recursion work."
            }
          ],
          "value": "brace-expansion through 5.0.6 is vulnerable to denial of service. The expand() function exhibits exponential-time complexity in the number of consecutive non-expanding \u0027{}\u0027 brace groups. An attacker who passes a crafted string to expand(), directly or transitively, can cause significant CPU consumption and event-loop blocking. The max option does not mitigate this, as it bounds the output size rather than the recursion work."
        }
      ],
      "impacts": [
        {
          "capecId": "CAPEC-469",
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "CAPEC-469 HTTP DoS"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV4_0": {
            "Automatable": "YES",
            "Recovery": "USER",
            "Safety": "NEGLIGIBLE",
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackRequirements": "NONE",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "baseScore": 7.7,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "exploitMaturity": "PROOF_OF_CONCEPT",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "providerUrgency": "AMBER",
            "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
            "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "valueDensity": "DIFFUSE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/S:N/AU:Y/R:U/V:D/RE:M/U:Amber",
            "version": "4.0",
            "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH",
            "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
            "vulnIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
            "vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "MODERATE"
          },
          "format": "CVSS",
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "GENERAL"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-400",
              "description": "CWE-400 Uncontrolled Resource Consumption",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            },
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-407",
              "description": "CWE-407 Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-07-08T11:38:35.974Z",
        "orgId": "22e2d327-25fe-45d7-9f0c-dcd23b7108df",
        "shortName": "seal"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://github.com/juliangruber/brace-expansion/commit/c7e33ec13ac1a684c116720843ce24e208611754"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.npmjs.com/package/brace-expansion"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "discovery": "INTERNAL"
      },
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "Vulnogram 1.0.2"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "22e2d327-25fe-45d7-9f0c-dcd23b7108df",
    "assignerShortName": "seal",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-13149",
    "datePublished": "2026-06-30T08:30:34.502Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-06-24T10:17:07.027Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-07-08T11:38:35.974Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2",
  "vulnerability-lookup:meta": {
    "epss": {
      "cve": "CVE-2026-13149",
      "date": "2026-09-20",
      "epss": "0.00364",
      "percentile": "0.30213"
    },
    "nvd": {
      "cve": {
        "affected": [
          {
            "affectedData": [
              {
                "collectionURL": "https://registry.npmjs.org",
                "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
                "packageName": "brace-expansion",
                "product": "brace-expansion",
                "repo": "https://github.com/juliangruber/brace-expansion",
                "vendor": "juliangruber",
                "versions": [
                  {
                    "lessThanOrEqual": "5.0.6",
                    "status": "affected",
                    "version": "0",
                    "versionType": "semver"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ],
            "source": "22e2d327-25fe-45d7-9f0c-dcd23b7108df"
          }
        ],
        "cveTags": [],
        "descriptions": [
          {
            "lang": "en",
            "value": "brace-expansion through 5.0.6 is vulnerable to denial of service. The expand() function exhibits exponential-time complexity in the number of consecutive non-expanding \u0027{}\u0027 brace groups. An attacker who passes a crafted string to expand(), directly or transitively, can cause significant CPU consumption and event-loop blocking. The max option does not mitigate this, as it bounds the output size rather than the recursion work."
          }
        ],
        "id": "CVE-2026-13149",
        "lastModified": "2026-07-08T12:17:20.087",
        "metrics": {
          "cvssMetricV40": [
            {
              "cvssData": {
                "Automatable": "YES",
                "Recovery": "USER",
                "Safety": "NEGLIGIBLE",
                "attackComplexity": "LOW",
                "attackRequirements": "NONE",
                "attackVector": "NETWORK",
                "availabilityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "baseScore": 7.7,
                "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
                "confidentialityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "exploitMaturity": "PROOF_OF_CONCEPT",
                "integrityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "modifiedAttackComplexity": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "modifiedAttackRequirements": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "modifiedAttackVector": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "modifiedPrivilegesRequired": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "modifiedSubAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "modifiedSubConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "modifiedSubIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "modifiedUserInteraction": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "modifiedVulnAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "modifiedVulnConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "modifiedVulnIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
                "providerUrgency": "AMBER",
                "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
                "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
                "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
                "userInteraction": "NONE",
                "valueDensity": "DIFFUSE",
                "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:N/AU:Y/R:U/V:D/RE:M/U:Amber",
                "version": "4.0",
                "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH",
                "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
                "vulnIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
                "vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "MODERATE"
              },
              "source": "22e2d327-25fe-45d7-9f0c-dcd23b7108df",
              "type": "Secondary"
            }
          ],
          "ssvcV203": [
            {
              "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
              "ssvcData": {
                "id": "CVE-2026-13149",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "automatable": "yes"
                  },
                  {
                    "technicalImpact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2026-06-30T12:43:12.568372Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              }
            }
          ]
        },
        "published": "2026-06-30T10:16:34.560",
        "references": [
          {
            "source": "22e2d327-25fe-45d7-9f0c-dcd23b7108df",
            "url": "https://github.com/juliangruber/brace-expansion/commit/c7e33ec13ac1a684c116720843ce24e208611754"
          },
          {
            "source": "22e2d327-25fe-45d7-9f0c-dcd23b7108df",
            "url": "https://www.npmjs.com/package/brace-expansion"
          }
        ],
        "sourceIdentifier": "22e2d327-25fe-45d7-9f0c-dcd23b7108df",
        "vulnStatus": "Deferred",
        "weaknesses": [
          {
            "description": [
              {
                "lang": "en",
                "value": "CWE-400"
              },
              {
                "lang": "en",
                "value": "CWE-407"
              }
            ],
            "source": "22e2d327-25fe-45d7-9f0c-dcd23b7108df",
            "type": "Secondary"
          }
        ]
      }
    },
    "redhat_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "Important",
      "current_release_date": "2026-09-21T10:32:36+00:00",
      "cve": "CVE-2026-13149",
      "id": "CVE-2026-13149",
      "initial_release_date": "2026-06-30T08:30:34.502000+00:00",
      "product_status:fixed": "730",
      "product_status:known_affected": "40",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "2537",
      "source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "brace-expansion: Brace-expansion: Denial of Service due to exponential-time complexity",
      "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-13149.json",
      "version": "3"
    },
    "suse_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "important",
      "current_release_date": "2026-09-15T02:15:07Z",
      "cve": "CVE-2026-13149",
      "id": "CVE-2026-13149",
      "initial_release_date": "2026-07-01T03:35:56Z",
      "product_status:known_affected": "218",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "318",
      "product_status:recommended": "54",
      "source": "SUSE CSAF VEX",
      "status": "interim",
      "title": "SUSE CVE CVE-2026-13149",
      "url": "https://ftp.suse.com/pub/projects/security/csaf-vex/cve-2026-13149.json",
      "version": "8"
    },
    "vulnrichment": {
      "containers": {
        "adp": [
          {
            "metrics": [
              {
                "other": {
                  "content": {
                    "id": "CVE-2026-13149",
                    "options": [
                      {
                        "Exploitation": "none"
                      },
                      {
                        "Automatable": "yes"
                      },
                      {
                        "Technical Impact": "partial"
                      }
                    ],
                    "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                    "timestamp": "2026-06-30T12:43:12.568372Z",
                    "version": "2.0.3"
                  },
                  "type": "ssvc"
                }
              }
            ],
            "providerMetadata": {
              "dateUpdated": "2026-06-30T12:43:19.177Z",
              "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
              "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
            },
            "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
          }
        ],
        "cna": {
          "affected": [
            {
              "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
              "platforms": [
                "Linux",
                "macOS",
                "Windows"
              ],
              "product": "brace-expansion",
              "vendor": "juliangruber",
              "versions": [
                {
                  "lessThanOrEqual": "5.0.6",
                  "status": "affected",
                  "version": "0",
                  "versionType": "semver"
                }
              ]
            }
          ],
          "credits": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "finder",
              "value": "bnbdr"
            }
          ],
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "supportingMedia": [
                {
                  "base64": false,
                  "type": "text/html",
                  "value": "brace-expansion through 5.0.6 is vulnerable to denial of service. The expand() function exhibits exponential-time complexity in the number of consecutive non-expanding \u0027{}\u0027 brace groups. An attacker who passes a crafted string to expand(), directly or transitively, can cause significant CPU consumption and event-loop blocking. The max option does not mitigate this, as it bounds the output size rather than the recursion work."
                }
              ],
              "value": "brace-expansion through 5.0.6 is vulnerable to denial of service. The expand() function exhibits exponential-time complexity in the number of consecutive non-expanding \u0027{}\u0027 brace groups. An attacker who passes a crafted string to expand(), directly or transitively, can cause significant CPU consumption and event-loop blocking. The max option does not mitigate this, as it bounds the output size rather than the recursion work."
            }
          ],
          "impacts": [
            {
              "capecId": "CAPEC-469",
              "descriptions": [
                {
                  "lang": "en",
                  "value": "CAPEC-469 HTTP DoS"
                }
              ]
            }
          ],
          "metrics": [
            {
              "cvssV4_0": {
                "Automatable": "YES",
                "Recovery": "USER",
                "Safety": "NEGLIGIBLE",
                "attackComplexity": "LOW",
                "attackRequirements": "NONE",
                "attackVector": "NETWORK",
                "baseScore": 7.7,
                "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
                "exploitMaturity": "PROOF_OF_CONCEPT",
                "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
                "providerUrgency": "AMBER",
                "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
                "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
                "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
                "userInteraction": "NONE",
                "valueDensity": "DIFFUSE",
                "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/S:N/AU:Y/R:U/V:D/RE:M/U:Amber",
                "version": "4.0",
                "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH",
                "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
                "vulnIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
                "vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "MODERATE"
              },
              "format": "CVSS",
              "scenarios": [
                {
                  "lang": "en",
                  "value": "GENERAL"
                }
              ]
            }
          ],
          "problemTypes": [
            {
              "descriptions": [
                {
                  "cweId": "CWE-400",
                  "description": "CWE-400 Uncontrolled Resource Consumption",
                  "lang": "en",
                  "type": "CWE"
                },
                {
                  "cweId": "CWE-407",
                  "description": "CWE-407 Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity",
                  "lang": "en",
                  "type": "CWE"
                }
              ]
            }
          ],
          "providerMetadata": {
            "dateUpdated": "2026-06-30T08:30:34.502Z",
            "orgId": "22e2d327-25fe-45d7-9f0c-dcd23b7108df",
            "shortName": "seal"
          },
          "references": [
            {
              "url": "https://github.com/juliangruber/brace-expansion/commit/c7e33ec13ac1a684c116720843ce24e208611754"
            },
            {
              "url": "https://www.npmjs.com/package/brace-expansion"
            }
          ],
          "source": {
            "discovery": "INTERNAL"
          },
          "x_generator": {
            "engine": "Vulnogram 1.0.2"
          }
        }
      },
      "cveMetadata": {
        "assignerOrgId": "22e2d327-25fe-45d7-9f0c-dcd23b7108df",
        "assignerShortName": "seal",
        "cveId": "CVE-2026-13149",
        "datePublished": "2026-06-30T08:30:34.502Z",
        "dateReserved": "2026-06-24T10:17:07.027Z",
        "dateUpdated": "2026-06-30T12:43:23.029Z",
        "state": "PUBLISHED"
      },
      "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
      "dataVersion": "5.2"
    }
  }
}



Log in or create an account to share your comment.




Tags
Taxonomy of the tags.


Loading…

Loading…

Loading…

Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

Author Source Type Date Other

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

Loading…

Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.

Loading…

Loading…

Related by attack behaviour

Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.


Loading…