CVE-2025-4748 (GCVE-0-2025-4748)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-06-16 11:00 – Updated: 2026-11-11 20:04
VLAI
Title
Absolute path traversal in zip:unzip/1,2
Summary
Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal') vulnerability in Erlang OTP (stdlib modules) allows Absolute Path Traversal, File Manipulation. This vulnerability is associated with program files lib/stdlib/src/zip.erl and program routines zip:unzip/1, zip:unzip/2, zip:extract/1, zip:extract/2 unless the memory option is passed. This issue affects OTP from OTP 17.0 before OTP 26.2.5.13, OTP 27.3.4.1, and OTP 28.0.1, corresponding to stdlib from 2.0 before 5.2.3.4, 6.2.2.1, and 7.0.1.
Severity
4.8 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:L/SA:L
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-06-16 15:10 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory
Assigner
EEF CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard A 97/100 over 357 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version CPE status
Erlang OTP Affected: 17.0 , < * (otp)
    cpe:2.3:a:erlang:erlang\/otp:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Erlang OTP Affected: 2.0 , < * (otp)
    cpe:2.3:a:erlang:erlang\/otp:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Erlang OTP Affected: 07b8f441ca711f9812fad9e9115bab3c3aa92f79 , < * (git)
    cpe:2.3:a:erlang:erlang\/otp:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2025-06-16 11:00
Credits
Wander Nauta Lukas Backström Björn Gustavsson
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2025-4748",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "yes"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2025-06-16T15:10:47.019511Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2025-06-16T15:33:34.557Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      },
      {
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2025-06-16T20:03:21.484Z",
          "orgId": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
          "shortName": "CVE"
        },
        "references": [
          {
            "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/06/16/5"
          }
        ],
        "title": "CVE Program Container"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "cpes": [
            "cpe:2.3:a:erlang:erlang\\/otp:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"
          ],
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "modules": [
            "zip"
          ],
          "packageName": "otp",
          "packageURL": "pkg:software-id/erlang.org/otp",
          "product": "OTP",
          "programFiles": [
            "lib/stdlib/src/zip.erl"
          ],
          "programRoutines": [
            {
              "name": "zip:unzip/1"
            },
            {
              "name": "zip:unzip/2"
            },
            {
              "name": "zip:extract/1"
            },
            {
              "name": "zip:extract/2"
            }
          ],
          "vendor": "Erlang",
          "versions": [
            {
              "changes": [
                {
                  "at": "26.2.5.13",
                  "status": "unaffected"
                },
                {
                  "at": "27.3.4.1",
                  "status": "unaffected"
                },
                {
                  "at": "28.0.1",
                  "status": "unaffected"
                }
              ],
              "lessThan": "*",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "17.0",
              "versionType": "otp"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "cpes": [
            "cpe:2.3:a:erlang:erlang\\/otp:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"
          ],
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "modules": [
            "zip"
          ],
          "packageName": "stdlib",
          "packageURL": "pkg:otp/stdlib?repository_url=https:%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Ferlang%2Fotp\u0026vcs_url=git%2Bhttps:%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Ferlang%2Fotp.git",
          "product": "OTP",
          "programFiles": [
            "src/zip.erl"
          ],
          "programRoutines": [
            {
              "name": "zip:unzip/1"
            },
            {
              "name": "zip:unzip/2"
            },
            {
              "name": "zip:extract/1"
            },
            {
              "name": "zip:extract/2"
            }
          ],
          "repo": "https://github.com/erlang/otp",
          "vendor": "Erlang",
          "versions": [
            {
              "changes": [
                {
                  "at": "5.2.3.4",
                  "status": "unaffected"
                },
                {
                  "at": "6.2.2.1",
                  "status": "unaffected"
                },
                {
                  "at": "7.0.1",
                  "status": "unaffected"
                }
              ],
              "lessThan": "*",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "2.0",
              "versionType": "otp"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "collectionURL": "https://github.com",
          "cpes": [
            "cpe:2.3:a:erlang:erlang\\/otp:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"
          ],
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "modules": [
            "zip"
          ],
          "packageName": "erlang/otp",
          "packageURL": "pkg:github/erlang/otp",
          "product": "OTP",
          "programFiles": [
            "lib/stdlib/src/zip.erl"
          ],
          "programRoutines": [
            {
              "name": "zip:unzip/1"
            },
            {
              "name": "zip:unzip/2"
            },
            {
              "name": "zip:extract/1"
            },
            {
              "name": "zip:extract/2"
            }
          ],
          "repo": "https://github.com/erlang/otp",
          "vendor": "Erlang",
          "versions": [
            {
              "changes": [
                {
                  "at": "578d4001575aa7647ea1efd4b2b7e3afadcc99a5",
                  "status": "unaffected"
                },
                {
                  "at": "ba2f2bc5f45fcfd2d6201ba07990a678bbf4cc8f",
                  "status": "unaffected"
                },
                {
                  "at": "5a55feec10c9b69189d56723d8f237afa58d5d4f",
                  "status": "unaffected"
                }
              ],
              "lessThan": "*",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "07b8f441ca711f9812fad9e9115bab3c3aa92f79",
              "versionType": "git"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "cpeApplicability": [
        {
          "nodes": [
            {
              "cpeMatch": [
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:erlang:erlang\\/otp:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "26.2.5.13",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "17.0",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:erlang:erlang\\/otp:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "27.3.4.1",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "27.0",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:erlang:erlang\\/otp:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "28.0.1",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "28.0",
                  "vulnerable": true
                }
              ],
              "negate": false,
              "operator": "OR"
            }
          ],
          "operator": "AND"
        }
      ],
      "credits": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "type": "finder",
          "value": "Wander Nauta"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "type": "remediation developer",
          "value": "Lukas Backstr\u00f6m"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "type": "remediation reviewer",
          "value": "Bj\u00f6rn Gustavsson"
        }
      ],
      "datePublic": "2025-06-16T11:00:54.000Z",
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "supportingMedia": [
            {
              "base64": false,
              "type": "text/html",
              "value": "\u003cp\u003eImproper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory (\u0027Path Traversal\u0027) vulnerability in Erlang OTP (stdlib modules) allows Absolute Path Traversal, File Manipulation.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis vulnerability is associated with program files \u003ccode\u003elib/stdlib/src/zip.erl\u003c/code\u003e and program routines \u003ccode\u003ezip:unzip/1\u003c/code\u003e, \u003ccode\u003ezip:unzip/2\u003c/code\u003e, \u003ccode\u003ezip:extract/1\u003c/code\u003e, \u003ccode\u003ezip:extract/2\u003c/code\u003e unless the \u003ccode\u003ememory\u003c/code\u003e option is passed.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis issue affects OTP from OTP\u0026nbsp;17.0 before OTP\u0026nbsp;26.2.5.13, OTP\u0026nbsp;27.3.4.1, and OTP\u0026nbsp;28.0.1, corresponding to stdlib from 2.0 before 5.2.3.4, 6.2.2.1, and 7.0.1.\u003c/p\u003e"
            },
            {
              "base64": false,
              "type": "text/markdown",
              "value": "Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory (\u0027Path Traversal\u0027) vulnerability in Erlang OTP (stdlib modules) allows Absolute Path Traversal, File Manipulation.\n\nThis vulnerability is associated with program files `lib/stdlib/src/zip.erl` and program routines `zip:unzip/1`, `zip:unzip/2`, `zip:extract/1`, `zip:extract/2` unless the `memory` option is passed.\n\nThis issue affects OTP from OTP\u00a017.0 before OTP\u00a026.2.5.13, OTP\u00a027.3.4.1, and OTP\u00a028.0.1, corresponding to stdlib from 2.0 before 5.2.3.4, 6.2.2.1, and 7.0.1."
            }
          ],
          "value": "Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory (\u0027Path Traversal\u0027) vulnerability in Erlang OTP (stdlib modules) allows Absolute Path Traversal, File Manipulation.\n\nThis vulnerability is associated with program files lib/stdlib/src/zip.erl and program routines zip:unzip/1, zip:unzip/2, zip:extract/1, zip:extract/2 unless the memory option is passed.\n\nThis issue affects OTP from OTP\u00a017.0 before OTP\u00a026.2.5.13, OTP\u00a027.3.4.1, and OTP\u00a028.0.1, corresponding to stdlib from 2.0 before 5.2.3.4, 6.2.2.1, and 7.0.1."
        }
      ],
      "impacts": [
        {
          "capecId": "CAPEC-597",
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "CAPEC-597 Absolute Path Traversal"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "capecId": "CAPEC-165",
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "CAPEC-165 File Manipulation"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV4_0": {
            "Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackRequirements": "NONE",
            "attackVector": "LOCAL",
            "baseScore": 4.8,
            "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "subAvailabilityImpact": "LOW",
            "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
            "subIntegrityImpact": "LOW",
            "userInteraction": "PASSIVE",
            "valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:L/SA:L",
            "version": "4.0",
            "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "LOW",
            "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
            "vulnIntegrityImpact": "LOW",
            "vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
          },
          "format": "CVSS",
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "GENERAL"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-22",
              "description": "CWE-22 Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-11-11T20:04:45.959Z",
        "orgId": "6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db",
        "shortName": "EEF"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "Absolute Path in Zip Module",
          "tags": [
            "vendor-advisory",
            "related"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/erlang/otp/security/advisories/GHSA-9g37-pgj9-wrhc"
        },
        {
          "name": "EEF CNA record for CVE-2025-4748",
          "tags": [
            "related"
          ],
          "url": "https://cna.erlef.org/cves/CVE-2025-4748.html"
        },
        {
          "name": "OSV record EEF-CVE-2025-4748",
          "tags": [
            "related"
          ],
          "url": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/EEF-CVE-2025-4748"
        },
        {
          "name": "Erlang/OTP version ordering",
          "tags": [
            "x_version-scheme"
          ],
          "url": "https://www.erlang.org/doc/system/versions.html#order-of-versions"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "patch"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/erlang/otp/pull/9941"
        },
        {
          "name": "Introducing commit 07b8f44 in erlang/otp",
          "tags": [
            "related"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/erlang/otp/commit/07b8f441ca711f9812fad9e9115bab3c3aa92f79"
        },
        {
          "name": "Fix commit 578d400 in erlang/otp",
          "tags": [
            "patch"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/erlang/otp/commit/578d4001575aa7647ea1efd4b2b7e3afadcc99a5"
        },
        {
          "name": "Fix commit ba2f2bc in erlang/otp",
          "tags": [
            "patch"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/erlang/otp/commit/ba2f2bc5f45fcfd2d6201ba07990a678bbf4cc8f"
        },
        {
          "name": "Fix commit 5a55fee in erlang/otp",
          "tags": [
            "patch"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/erlang/otp/commit/5a55feec10c9b69189d56723d8f237afa58d5d4f"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "discovery": "EXTERNAL"
      },
      "title": "Absolute path traversal in zip:unzip/1,2",
      "workarounds": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "supportingMedia": [
            {
              "base64": false,
              "type": "text/html",
              "value": "\u003cp\u003eYou can use \u003ccode\u003ezip:list_dir/1\u003c/code\u003e on the archive and verify that no files contain absolute paths before extracting the archive to disk.\u003c/p\u003e"
            },
            {
              "base64": false,
              "type": "text/markdown",
              "value": "You can use `zip:list_dir/1` on the archive and verify that no files contain absolute paths before extracting the archive to disk."
            }
          ],
          "value": "You can use zip:list_dir/1 on the archive and verify that no files contain absolute paths before extracting the archive to disk."
        }
      ]
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db",
    "assignerShortName": "EEF",
    "cveId": "CVE-2025-4748",
    "datePublished": "2025-06-16T11:00:54.643Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-05-15T08:36:54.783Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-11-11T20:04:45.959Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2",
  "vulnerability-lookup:meta": {
    "epss": {
      "cve": "CVE-2025-4748",
      "date": "2026-11-14",
      "epss": "0.00313",
      "percentile": "0.24562"
    },
    "nvd": {
      "cve": {
        "affected": [
          {
            "affectedData": [
              {
                "cpes": [
                  "cpe:2.3:a:erlang:erlang\\/otp:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"
                ],
                "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
                "modules": [
                  "zip"
                ],
                "packageName": "otp",
                "packageURL": "pkg:software-id/erlang.org/otp",
                "product": "OTP",
                "programFiles": [
                  "lib/stdlib/src/zip.erl"
                ],
                "programRoutines": [
                  {
                    "name": "zip:unzip/1"
                  },
                  {
                    "name": "zip:unzip/2"
                  },
                  {
                    "name": "zip:extract/1"
                  },
                  {
                    "name": "zip:extract/2"
                  }
                ],
                "vendor": "Erlang",
                "versions": [
                  {
                    "changes": [
                      {
                        "at": "26.2.5.13",
                        "status": "unaffected"
                      },
                      {
                        "at": "27.3.4.1",
                        "status": "unaffected"
                      },
                      {
                        "at": "28.0.1",
                        "status": "unaffected"
                      }
                    ],
                    "lessThan": "*",
                    "status": "affected",
                    "version": "17.0",
                    "versionType": "otp"
                  }
                ]
              },
              {
                "cpes": [
                  "cpe:2.3:a:erlang:erlang\\/otp:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"
                ],
                "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
                "modules": [
                  "zip"
                ],
                "packageName": "stdlib",
                "packageURL": "pkg:otp/stdlib?repository_url=https:%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Ferlang%2Fotp\u0026vcs_url=git%2Bhttps:%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Ferlang%2Fotp.git",
                "product": "OTP",
                "programFiles": [
                  "src/zip.erl"
                ],
                "programRoutines": [
                  {
                    "name": "zip:unzip/1"
                  },
                  {
                    "name": "zip:unzip/2"
                  },
                  {
                    "name": "zip:extract/1"
                  },
                  {
                    "name": "zip:extract/2"
                  }
                ],
                "repo": "https://github.com/erlang/otp",
                "vendor": "Erlang",
                "versions": [
                  {
                    "changes": [
                      {
                        "at": "5.2.3.4",
                        "status": "unaffected"
                      },
                      {
                        "at": "6.2.2.1",
                        "status": "unaffected"
                      },
                      {
                        "at": "7.0.1",
                        "status": "unaffected"
                      }
                    ],
                    "lessThan": "*",
                    "status": "affected",
                    "version": "2.0",
                    "versionType": "otp"
                  }
                ]
              },
              {
                "collectionURL": "https://github.com",
                "cpes": [
                  "cpe:2.3:a:erlang:erlang\\/otp:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"
                ],
                "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
                "modules": [
                  "zip"
                ],
                "packageName": "erlang/otp",
                "packageURL": "pkg:github/erlang/otp",
                "product": "OTP",
                "programFiles": [
                  "lib/stdlib/src/zip.erl"
                ],
                "programRoutines": [
                  {
                    "name": "zip:unzip/1"
                  },
                  {
                    "name": "zip:unzip/2"
                  },
                  {
                    "name": "zip:extract/1"
                  },
                  {
                    "name": "zip:extract/2"
                  }
                ],
                "repo": "https://github.com/erlang/otp",
                "vendor": "Erlang",
                "versions": [
                  {
                    "changes": [
                      {
                        "at": "578d4001575aa7647ea1efd4b2b7e3afadcc99a5",
                        "status": "unaffected"
                      },
                      {
                        "at": "ba2f2bc5f45fcfd2d6201ba07990a678bbf4cc8f",
                        "status": "unaffected"
                      },
                      {
                        "at": "5a55feec10c9b69189d56723d8f237afa58d5d4f",
                        "status": "unaffected"
                      }
                    ],
                    "lessThan": "*",
                    "status": "affected",
                    "version": "07b8f441ca711f9812fad9e9115bab3c3aa92f79",
                    "versionType": "git"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ],
            "source": "6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db"
          }
        ],
        "cveTags": [],
        "descriptions": [
          {
            "lang": "en",
            "value": "Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory (\u0027Path Traversal\u0027) vulnerability in Erlang OTP (stdlib modules) allows Absolute Path Traversal, File Manipulation.\n\nThis vulnerability is associated with program files lib/stdlib/src/zip.erl and program routines zip:unzip/1, zip:unzip/2, zip:extract/1, zip:extract/2 unless the memory option is passed.\n\nThis issue affects OTP from OTP\u00a017.0 before OTP\u00a026.2.5.13, OTP\u00a027.3.4.1, and OTP\u00a028.0.1, corresponding to stdlib from 2.0 before 5.2.3.4, 6.2.2.1, and 7.0.1."
          },
          {
            "lang": "es",
            "value": "La vulnerabilidad de limitaci\u00f3n incorrecta de una ruta a un directorio restringido (\u0027Path Traversal\u0027) en Erlang OTP (m\u00f3dulos stdlib) permite Absolute Path Traversal y la manipulaci\u00f3n de archivos. Esta vulnerabilidad est\u00e1 asociada a los archivos de programa lib/stdlib/src/zip.erl y a las rutinas zip:unzip/1, zip:unzip/2, zip:extract/1 y zip:extract/2, a menos que se utilice la opci\u00f3n de memoria. Este problema afecta a OTP desde OTP 17.0 hasta OTP 28.0.1, OTP 27.3.4.1 y OTP 26.2.5.13, correspondientes a stdlib desde 2.0 hasta 7.0.1, 6.2.2.1 y 5.2.3.4."
          }
        ],
        "id": "CVE-2025-4748",
        "lastModified": "2026-11-11T20:16:58.983",
        "metrics": {
          "cvssMetricV40": [
            {
              "cvssData": {
                "Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "attackComplexity": "LOW",
                "attackRequirements": "NONE",
                "attackVector": "LOCAL",
                "availabilityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "baseScore": 4.8,
                "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
                "confidentialityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "exploitMaturity": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "integrityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "modifiedAttackComplexity": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "modifiedAttackRequirements": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "modifiedAttackVector": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "modifiedPrivilegesRequired": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "modifiedSubAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "modifiedSubConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "modifiedSubIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "modifiedUserInteraction": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "modifiedVulnAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "modifiedVulnConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "modifiedVulnIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
                "providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "subAvailabilityImpact": "LOW",
                "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
                "subIntegrityImpact": "LOW",
                "userInteraction": "PASSIVE",
                "valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:L/SA:L/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
                "version": "4.0",
                "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "LOW",
                "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
                "vulnIntegrityImpact": "LOW",
                "vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
              },
              "source": "6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db",
              "type": "Secondary"
            }
          ],
          "ssvcV203": [
            {
              "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
              "ssvcData": {
                "id": "CVE-2025-4748",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "automatable": "yes"
                  },
                  {
                    "technicalImpact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2025-06-16T15:10:47.019511Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              }
            }
          ]
        },
        "published": "2025-06-16T11:15:18.730",
        "references": [
          {
            "source": "6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db",
            "url": "https://cna.erlef.org/cves/CVE-2025-4748.html"
          },
          {
            "source": "6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db",
            "url": "https://github.com/erlang/otp/commit/07b8f441ca711f9812fad9e9115bab3c3aa92f79"
          },
          {
            "source": "6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db",
            "url": "https://github.com/erlang/otp/commit/578d4001575aa7647ea1efd4b2b7e3afadcc99a5"
          },
          {
            "source": "6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db",
            "url": "https://github.com/erlang/otp/commit/5a55feec10c9b69189d56723d8f237afa58d5d4f"
          },
          {
            "source": "6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db",
            "url": "https://github.com/erlang/otp/commit/ba2f2bc5f45fcfd2d6201ba07990a678bbf4cc8f"
          },
          {
            "source": "6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db",
            "url": "https://github.com/erlang/otp/pull/9941"
          },
          {
            "source": "6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db",
            "url": "https://github.com/erlang/otp/security/advisories/GHSA-9g37-pgj9-wrhc"
          },
          {
            "source": "6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db",
            "url": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/EEF-CVE-2025-4748"
          },
          {
            "source": "6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db",
            "url": "https://www.erlang.org/doc/system/versions.html#order-of-versions"
          },
          {
            "source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
            "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/06/16/5"
          }
        ],
        "sourceIdentifier": "6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db",
        "vulnStatus": "Deferred",
        "weaknesses": [
          {
            "description": [
              {
                "lang": "en",
                "value": "CWE-22"
              }
            ],
            "source": "6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db",
            "type": "Secondary"
          }
        ]
      }
    },
    "redhat_vex": {
      "current_release_date": "2026-04-06T22:59:23+00:00",
      "cve": "CVE-2025-4748",
      "id": "CVE-2025-4748",
      "initial_release_date": "2025-01-01T00:00:00+00:00",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "1",
      "source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "Absolute path traversal in zip:unzip/1,2",
      "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2025/cve-2025-4748.json",
      "version": "3"
    },
    "suse_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "moderate",
      "current_release_date": "2026-10-16T01:09:24Z",
      "cve": "CVE-2025-4748",
      "id": "CVE-2025-4748",
      "initial_release_date": "2025-06-17T02:29:28Z",
      "product_status:known_affected": "53",
      "product_status:recommended": "116",
      "source": "SUSE CSAF VEX",
      "status": "interim",
      "title": "SUSE CVE CVE-2025-4748",
      "url": "https://ftp.suse.com/pub/projects/security/csaf-vex/2025/cve-2025-4748.json",
      "version": "26"
    },
    "vulnrichment": {
      "containers": {
        "adp": [
          {
            "providerMetadata": {
              "dateUpdated": "2025-06-16T20:03:21.484Z",
              "orgId": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
              "shortName": "CVE"
            },
            "references": [
              {
                "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/06/16/5"
              }
            ],
            "title": "CVE Program Container"
          },
          {
            "metrics": [
              {
                "other": {
                  "content": {
                    "id": "CVE-2025-4748",
                    "options": [
                      {
                        "Exploitation": "none"
                      },
                      {
                        "Automatable": "yes"
                      },
                      {
                        "Technical Impact": "partial"
                      }
                    ],
                    "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                    "timestamp": "2025-06-16T15:10:47.019511Z",
                    "version": "2.0.3"
                  },
                  "type": "ssvc"
                }
              }
            ],
            "providerMetadata": {
              "dateUpdated": "2025-06-16T15:11:22.309Z",
              "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
              "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
            },
            "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
          }
        ],
        "cna": {
          "affected": [
            {
              "cpes": [
                "cpe:2.3:a:erlang:erlang\\/otp:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"
              ],
              "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
              "modules": [
                "zip"
              ],
              "packageName": "otp",
              "packageURL": "pkg:software-id/erlang.org/otp",
              "product": "OTP",
              "programFiles": [
                "lib/stdlib/src/zip.erl"
              ],
              "programRoutines": [
                {
                  "name": "zip:unzip/1"
                },
                {
                  "name": "zip:unzip/2"
                },
                {
                  "name": "zip:extract/1"
                },
                {
                  "name": "zip:extract/2"
                }
              ],
              "vendor": "Erlang",
              "versions": [
                {
                  "changes": [
                    {
                      "at": "26.2.5.13",
                      "status": "unaffected"
                    },
                    {
                      "at": "27.3.4.1",
                      "status": "unaffected"
                    },
                    {
                      "at": "28.0.1",
                      "status": "unaffected"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lessThan": "*",
                  "status": "affected",
                  "version": "17.0",
                  "versionType": "otp"
                }
              ]
            },
            {
              "cpes": [
                "cpe:2.3:a:erlang:erlang\\/otp:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"
              ],
              "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
              "modules": [
                "zip"
              ],
              "packageName": "stdlib",
              "packageURL": "pkg:otp/stdlib?repository_url=https:%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Ferlang%2Fotp\u0026vcs_url=git%2Bhttps:%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Ferlang%2Fotp.git",
              "product": "OTP",
              "programFiles": [
                "src/zip.erl"
              ],
              "programRoutines": [
                {
                  "name": "zip:unzip/1"
                },
                {
                  "name": "zip:unzip/2"
                },
                {
                  "name": "zip:extract/1"
                },
                {
                  "name": "zip:extract/2"
                }
              ],
              "repo": "https://github.com/erlang/otp",
              "vendor": "Erlang",
              "versions": [
                {
                  "changes": [
                    {
                      "at": "5.2.3.4",
                      "status": "unaffected"
                    },
                    {
                      "at": "6.2.2.1",
                      "status": "unaffected"
                    },
                    {
                      "at": "7.0.1",
                      "status": "unaffected"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lessThan": "*",
                  "status": "affected",
                  "version": "2.0",
                  "versionType": "otp"
                }
              ]
            },
            {
              "collectionURL": "https://github.com",
              "cpes": [
                "cpe:2.3:a:erlang:erlang\\/otp:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"
              ],
              "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
              "modules": [
                "zip"
              ],
              "packageName": "erlang/otp",
              "packageURL": "pkg:github/erlang/otp",
              "product": "OTP",
              "programFiles": [
                "lib/stdlib/src/zip.erl"
              ],
              "programRoutines": [
                {
                  "name": "zip:unzip/1"
                },
                {
                  "name": "zip:unzip/2"
                },
                {
                  "name": "zip:extract/1"
                },
                {
                  "name": "zip:extract/2"
                }
              ],
              "repo": "https://github.com/erlang/otp",
              "vendor": "Erlang",
              "versions": [
                {
                  "changes": [
                    {
                      "at": "578d4001575aa7647ea1efd4b2b7e3afadcc99a5",
                      "status": "unaffected"
                    },
                    {
                      "at": "ba2f2bc5f45fcfd2d6201ba07990a678bbf4cc8f",
                      "status": "unaffected"
                    },
                    {
                      "at": "5a55feec10c9b69189d56723d8f237afa58d5d4f",
                      "status": "unaffected"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lessThan": "*",
                  "status": "affected",
                  "version": "07b8f441ca711f9812fad9e9115bab3c3aa92f79",
                  "versionType": "git"
                }
              ]
            }
          ],
          "cpeApplicability": [
            {
              "nodes": [
                {
                  "cpeMatch": [
                    {
                      "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:erlang:erlang\\/otp:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                      "versionEndExcluding": "26.2.5.13",
                      "versionStartIncluding": "17.0",
                      "vulnerable": true
                    },
                    {
                      "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:erlang:erlang\\/otp:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                      "versionEndExcluding": "27.3.4.1",
                      "versionStartIncluding": "27.0",
                      "vulnerable": true
                    },
                    {
                      "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:erlang:erlang\\/otp:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                      "versionEndExcluding": "28.0.1",
                      "versionStartIncluding": "28.0",
                      "vulnerable": true
                    }
                  ],
                  "negate": false,
                  "operator": "OR"
                }
              ],
              "operator": "AND"
            }
          ],
          "credits": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "finder",
              "value": "Wander Nauta"
            },
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "remediation developer",
              "value": "Lukas Backstr\u00f6m"
            },
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "remediation reviewer",
              "value": "Bj\u00f6rn Gustavsson"
            }
          ],
          "datePublic": "2025-06-16T11:00:54.000Z",
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "supportingMedia": [
                {
                  "base64": false,
                  "type": "text/html",
                  "value": "\u003cp\u003eImproper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory (\u0027Path Traversal\u0027) vulnerability in Erlang OTP (stdlib modules) allows Absolute Path Traversal, File Manipulation.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis vulnerability is associated with program files \u003ccode\u003elib/stdlib/src/zip.erl\u003c/code\u003e and program routines \u003ccode\u003ezip:unzip/1\u003c/code\u003e, \u003ccode\u003ezip:unzip/2\u003c/code\u003e, \u003ccode\u003ezip:extract/1\u003c/code\u003e, \u003ccode\u003ezip:extract/2\u003c/code\u003e unless the \u003ccode\u003ememory\u003c/code\u003e option is passed.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis issue affects OTP from OTP\u0026nbsp;17.0 before OTP\u0026nbsp;26.2.5.13, OTP\u0026nbsp;27.3.4.1, and OTP\u0026nbsp;28.0.1, corresponding to stdlib from 2.0 before 5.2.3.4, 6.2.2.1, and 7.0.1.\u003c/p\u003e"
                },
                {
                  "base64": false,
                  "type": "text/markdown",
                  "value": "Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory (\u0027Path Traversal\u0027) vulnerability in Erlang OTP (stdlib modules) allows Absolute Path Traversal, File Manipulation.\n\nThis vulnerability is associated with program files `lib/stdlib/src/zip.erl` and program routines `zip:unzip/1`, `zip:unzip/2`, `zip:extract/1`, `zip:extract/2` unless the `memory` option is passed.\n\nThis issue affects OTP from OTP\u00a017.0 before OTP\u00a026.2.5.13, OTP\u00a027.3.4.1, and OTP\u00a028.0.1, corresponding to stdlib from 2.0 before 5.2.3.4, 6.2.2.1, and 7.0.1."
                }
              ],
              "value": "Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory (\u0027Path Traversal\u0027) vulnerability in Erlang OTP (stdlib modules) allows Absolute Path Traversal, File Manipulation.\n\nThis vulnerability is associated with program files lib/stdlib/src/zip.erl and program routines zip:unzip/1, zip:unzip/2, zip:extract/1, zip:extract/2 unless the memory option is passed.\n\nThis issue affects OTP from OTP\u00a017.0 before OTP\u00a026.2.5.13, OTP\u00a027.3.4.1, and OTP\u00a028.0.1, corresponding to stdlib from 2.0 before 5.2.3.4, 6.2.2.1, and 7.0.1."
            }
          ],
          "impacts": [
            {
              "capecId": "CAPEC-597",
              "descriptions": [
                {
                  "lang": "en",
                  "value": "CAPEC-597 Absolute Path Traversal"
                }
              ]
            },
            {
              "capecId": "CAPEC-165",
              "descriptions": [
                {
                  "lang": "en",
                  "value": "CAPEC-165 File Manipulation"
                }
              ]
            }
          ],
          "metrics": [
            {
              "cvssV4_0": {
                "Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "attackComplexity": "LOW",
                "attackRequirements": "NONE",
                "attackVector": "LOCAL",
                "baseScore": 4.8,
                "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
                "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
                "providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "subAvailabilityImpact": "LOW",
                "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
                "subIntegrityImpact": "LOW",
                "userInteraction": "PASSIVE",
                "valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:L/SA:L",
                "version": "4.0",
                "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "LOW",
                "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
                "vulnIntegrityImpact": "LOW",
                "vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
              },
              "format": "CVSS",
              "scenarios": [
                {
                  "lang": "en",
                  "value": "GENERAL"
                }
              ]
            }
          ],
          "problemTypes": [
            {
              "descriptions": [
                {
                  "cweId": "CWE-22",
                  "description": "CWE-22 Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory",
                  "lang": "en",
                  "type": "CWE"
                }
              ]
            }
          ],
          "providerMetadata": {
            "dateUpdated": "2026-11-11T20:04:45.959Z",
            "orgId": "6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db",
            "shortName": "EEF"
          },
          "references": [
            {
              "name": "Absolute Path in Zip Module",
              "tags": [
                "vendor-advisory",
                "related"
              ],
              "url": "https://github.com/erlang/otp/security/advisories/GHSA-9g37-pgj9-wrhc"
            },
            {
              "name": "EEF CNA record for CVE-2025-4748",
              "tags": [
                "related"
              ],
              "url": "https://cna.erlef.org/cves/CVE-2025-4748.html"
            },
            {
              "name": "OSV record EEF-CVE-2025-4748",
              "tags": [
                "related"
              ],
              "url": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/EEF-CVE-2025-4748"
            },
            {
              "name": "Erlang/OTP version ordering",
              "tags": [
                "x_version-scheme"
              ],
              "url": "https://www.erlang.org/doc/system/versions.html#order-of-versions"
            },
            {
              "tags": [
                "patch"
              ],
              "url": "https://github.com/erlang/otp/pull/9941"
            },
            {
              "name": "Introducing commit 07b8f44 in erlang/otp",
              "tags": [
                "related"
              ],
              "url": "https://github.com/erlang/otp/commit/07b8f441ca711f9812fad9e9115bab3c3aa92f79"
            },
            {
              "name": "Fix commit 578d400 in erlang/otp",
              "tags": [
                "patch"
              ],
              "url": "https://github.com/erlang/otp/commit/578d4001575aa7647ea1efd4b2b7e3afadcc99a5"
            },
            {
              "name": "Fix commit ba2f2bc in erlang/otp",
              "tags": [
                "patch"
              ],
              "url": "https://github.com/erlang/otp/commit/ba2f2bc5f45fcfd2d6201ba07990a678bbf4cc8f"
            },
            {
              "name": "Fix commit 5a55fee in erlang/otp",
              "tags": [
                "patch"
              ],
              "url": "https://github.com/erlang/otp/commit/5a55feec10c9b69189d56723d8f237afa58d5d4f"
            }
          ],
          "source": {
            "discovery": "EXTERNAL"
          },
          "title": "Absolute path traversal in zip:unzip/1,2",
          "workarounds": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "supportingMedia": [
                {
                  "base64": false,
                  "type": "text/html",
                  "value": "\u003cp\u003eYou can use \u003ccode\u003ezip:list_dir/1\u003c/code\u003e on the archive and verify that no files contain absolute paths before extracting the archive to disk.\u003c/p\u003e"
                },
                {
                  "base64": false,
                  "type": "text/markdown",
                  "value": "You can use `zip:list_dir/1` on the archive and verify that no files contain absolute paths before extracting the archive to disk."
                }
              ],
              "value": "You can use zip:list_dir/1 on the archive and verify that no files contain absolute paths before extracting the archive to disk."
            }
          ]
        }
      },
      "cveMetadata": {
        "assignerOrgId": "6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db",
        "assignerShortName": "EEF",
        "cveId": "CVE-2025-4748",
        "datePublished": "2025-06-16T11:00:54.643Z",
        "dateReserved": "2025-05-15T08:36:54.783Z",
        "dateUpdated": "2026-11-11T20:04:45.959Z",
        "state": "PUBLISHED"
      },
      "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
      "dataVersion": "5.2"
    }
  }
}


Workarounds

CNA · EEF
You can use zip:list_dir/1 on the archive and verify that no files contain absolute paths before extracting the archive to disk.

Log in or create an account to share your comment.




Tags
Taxonomy of the tags.




Drag nodes to arrange them. Double-click a related vulnerability to open it, or a source to visit its link. The Physics button on the left tunes the layout and the simulation; the legend at the bottom left hides or shows nodes by kind and by sighting type.

Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

Author Source Type Date Other

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Vulnerability timeline

Sightings and recorded dates, grouped by day · UTC

JSON
How durations are calculated

Following the VTEM framework (Black Hat USA 2015), time to patch starts when the vendor or a coordinator was informed, total time to patch at discovery, and disclosure to patch at public disclosure; vendor response time runs from the report to its acknowledgement. Time to exploit and time unpatched start at the earliest discovery or report, falling back to public disclosure. Unpatched time ends at the first recorded patch, or the calculation time when no patch is recorded. Exploitation to patch shows the interval between those two events; a published proof of concept is a public exploit, not exploitation.

Each result shows its source dates. A negative interval means the end event came first; when date-only inputs leave the order open, the result says so. Date-only inputs are approximate. The earliest evidence wins: KEV report dates and sightings are labelled as such. Records describing another vulnerability are listed but never calculated from, and a PoC alone does not establish exploitation. Missing patch evidence does not prove that no patch exists. Filters below change the event list only.

Loading timeline…




    Related by attack behaviour

    Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.