{
  "document": {
    "acknowledgments": [
      {
        "organization": "Hitachi Energy PSIRT",
        "summary": "reporting these vulnerabilities to CISA."
      }
    ],
    "aggregate_severity": {
      "namespace": "https://www.first.org/cvss/specification-document",
      "text": "CRITICAL"
    },
    "category": "csaf_security_advisory",
    "csaf_version": "2.0",
    "distribution": {
      "text": "Disclosure is not limited",
      "tlp": {
        "label": "WHITE",
        "url": "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/tlp/"
      }
    },
    "lang": "en-US",
    "notes": [
      {
        "category": "summary",
        "text": "Hitachi Energy is aware of two critical memory allocation vulnerabilities (called BadAlloc [1] vulnerabilities) in the WindRiver VxWorks Operating Systems [2][3] that are used in our product versions listed in this advisory.\nAn attacker that exploits these vulnerabilities might bypass security controls to execute malicious code or cause a denial-of-service. For immediate mitigation/workaround information, please refer to the Mitigation Fac-tors/Workaround Section.\n\n[1] BadAlloc \u2013 Microsoft\u2019s Section 52 - https://msrc-blog.microsoft.com/2021/04/29/badalloc-memory-allo-cation-vulnerabilities-could-affect-wide-range-of-iot-and-ot-devices-in-industrial-medical-and-enterprise-networks/\n[2] Wind River VxWorks \u2013 CVE-2020-28895 Advisory - https://support2.windriver.com/in-dex.php?page=cve\u0026on=view\u0026id=CVE-2020-28895\n[3] Wind River VxWorks \u2013 CVE-2020-35198 Advisory - https://support2.windriver.com/in-dex.php?page=cve\u0026on=view\u0026id=CVE-2020-35198",
        "title": "Summary"
      },
      {
        "category": "legal_disclaimer",
        "text": "The information in this document is subject to change without notice and should not be construed as a commitment by Hitachi Energy. Hitachi Energy provides no warranty, express or implied, including warran-ties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose, for the information contained in this document, and assumes no responsibility for any errors that may appear in this document. In no event shall Hitachi Energy or any of its suppliers be liable for direct, indirect, special, incidental or consequential damages of any nature or kind arising from the use of this document, or from the use of any hardware or software described in this document, even if Hitachi Energy or its suppliers have been advised of the possibility of such damages. This document and parts hereof must not be reproduced or copied without written permission from Hitachi Energy and the contents hereof must not be imparted to a third party nor used for any unauthorized purpose. All rights to registrations and trademarks reside with their respective owners.",
        "title": "Notice"
      },
      {
        "category": "general",
        "text": "For additional information and support please contact your product provider or Hitachi Energy service organization. For contact information, see https://www.hitachienergy.com/contact-us/ for Hitachi Energy contact-centers.",
        "title": "Support"
      },
      {
        "category": "general",
        "text": "Recommended security practices and firewall configurations can help protect a process control network from attacks that originate from outside the network. Such practices include that process control systems are physically protected from direct access by unauthorized personnel, have no direct connections to the Internet, and are separated from other networks by means of a firewall system that has a minimal number of ports exposed, and others that have to be evaluated case by case. Process control systems should not be used for Internet surfing, instant messaging, or receiving e-mails. Portable computers and removable storage media should be carefully scanned for viruses before they are connected to a control system.",
        "title": "General Mitigation Factors"
      },
      {
        "category": "legal_disclaimer",
        "text": "All information products included in https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ics are provided \"as is\" for informational purposes only. The Department of Homeland Security (DHS) does not provide any warranties of any kind regarding any information contained within. DHS does not endorse any commercial product or service, referenced in this product or otherwise. Further dissemination of this product is governed by the Traffic Light Protocol (TLP) marking in the header. For more information about TLP, see https://us-cert.cisa.gov/tlp/.",
        "title": "Legal Notice"
      },
      {
        "category": "other",
        "text": "This ICSA is a verbatim republication of Hitachi Energy PSIRT 8DBD000070 from a direct conversion of their vendor\u0027s Common Security Advisory Framework (CSAF) advisory. This is republished to CISA\u0027s website as a means of increasing visibility and is provided \"as-is\" for informational purposes only. CISA is not responsible for the editorial or technical accuracy of republished advisories and provides no warranties of any kind regarding any information contained within this advisory.  Further, CISA does not endorse any commercial product or service.  Please contact Hitachi Energy PSIRT directly for any questions regarding this advisory.",
        "title": "Advisory Conversion Disclaimer"
      },
      {
        "category": "other",
        "text": "Energy",
        "title": "Critical infrastructure sectors"
      },
      {
        "category": "other",
        "text": "Worldwide",
        "title": "Countries/areas deployed"
      },
      {
        "category": "other",
        "text": "Switzerland",
        "title": "Company headquarters location"
      },
      {
        "category": "general",
        "text": "CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the exploitation risk of this vulnerability.",
        "title": "Recommended Practices"
      },
      {
        "category": "general",
        "text": "Minimize network exposure for all control system devices and/or systems, and ensure they are not accessible from the internet.",
        "title": "Recommended Practices"
      },
      {
        "category": "general",
        "text": "Locate control system networks and remote devices behind firewalls and isolate them from business networks.",
        "title": "Recommended Practices"
      },
      {
        "category": "general",
        "text": "When remote access is required, use more secure methods, such as Virtual Private Networks (VPNs), recognizing VPNs may have vulnerabilities and should be updated to the most recent version available. Also recognize VPN is only as secure as its connected devices.",
        "title": "Recommended Practices"
      },
      {
        "category": "general",
        "text": "CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.",
        "title": "Recommended Practices"
      },
      {
        "category": "general",
        "text": "CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.",
        "title": "Recommended Practices"
      },
      {
        "category": "general",
        "text": "CISA encourages organizations to implement recommended cybersecurity strategies for proactive defense of ICS assets. Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B--Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.",
        "title": "Recommended Practices"
      },
      {
        "category": "general",
        "text": "Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.",
        "title": "Recommended Practices"
      }
    ],
    "publisher": {
      "category": "other",
      "contact_details": "central@cisa.dhs.gov",
      "name": "CISA",
      "namespace": "https://www.cisa.gov/"
    },
    "references": [
      {
        "category": "self",
        "summary": "ICS Advisory ICSA-25-155-02 JSON",
        "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cisagov/CSAF/develop/csaf_files/OT/white/2025/icsa-25-155-02.json"
      },
      {
        "category": "self",
        "summary": "Cybersecurity Advisory - BadAlloc \u2013 Memory Allocation Vulnerabilities in Hitachi Energy Relion 670, 650 series and SAM600-IO Product",
        "url": "https://publisher.hitachienergy.com/preview?DocumentId=8DBD000070\u0026languageCode=en\u0026Preview=true"
      },
      {
        "category": "self",
        "summary": "ICS Advisory ICSA-25-155-02 - Web Version",
        "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/ics-advisories/icsa-25-155-02"
      },
      {
        "category": "external",
        "summary": "Recommended Practices",
        "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/uscert/ics/alerts/ICS-ALERT-10-301-01"
      },
      {
        "category": "external",
        "summary": "Recommended Practices",
        "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/resources-tools/resources/ics-recommended-practices"
      },
      {
        "category": "external",
        "summary": "Recommended Practices",
        "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/topics/industrial-control-systems"
      },
      {
        "category": "external",
        "summary": "Recommended Practices",
        "url": "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/recommended_practices/NCCIC_ICS-CERT_Defense_in_Depth_2016_S508C.pdf"
      },
      {
        "category": "external",
        "summary": "Recommended Practices",
        "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/publications/Cybersecurity_Best_Practices_for_Industrial_Control_Systems.pdf"
      },
      {
        "category": "external",
        "summary": "Recommended Practices",
        "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/uscert/ics/tips/ICS-TIP-12-146-01B"
      }
    ],
    "title": "Hitachi Energy Relion 670 650 series and SAM600-IO Product",
    "tracking": {
      "current_release_date": "2025-05-27T12:30:00.000000Z",
      "generator": {
        "date": "2025-06-05T16:55:18.347501Z",
        "engine": {
          "name": "CISA CSAF Generator",
          "version": "1.0.0"
        }
      },
      "id": "ICSA-25-155-02",
      "initial_release_date": "2021-12-16T13:30:00.000000Z",
      "revision_history": [
        {
          "date": "2021-12-16T13:30:00.000000Z",
          "number": "1",
          "summary": "Initial version."
        },
        {
          "date": "2025-05-27T12:30:00.000000Z",
          "number": "2",
          "summary": "Update to Recommended Actions table with fixed versions"
        }
      ],
      "status": "final",
      "version": "2"
    }
  },
  "product_tree": {
    "branches": [
      {
        "branches": [
          {
            "branches": [
              {
                "category": "product_version_range",
                "name": "vers:all/\u003e=2.2.5.0|\u003c=2.2.5.1",
                "product": {
                  "name": "Relion 670 series version 2.2.5 revisions up to 2.2.5.1",
                  "product_id": "CSAFPID-0001"
                }
              }
            ],
            "category": "product_name",
            "name": "Relion 670"
          },
          {
            "branches": [
              {
                "category": "product_version_range",
                "name": "vers:all/\u003e=2.2.4.0|\u003c=2.2.4.2",
                "product": {
                  "name": "Relion 670 series version 2.2.4 revisions up to 2.2.4.2",
                  "product_id": "CSAFPID-0002"
                }
              }
            ],
            "category": "product_name",
            "name": "Relion 670"
          },
          {
            "branches": [
              {
                "category": "product_version_range",
                "name": "vers:all/\u003e=2.2.3.0|\u003c=2.2.3.4",
                "product": {
                  "name": "Relion 670 series version 2.2.3 revisions up to 2.2.3.4",
                  "product_id": "CSAFPID-0003"
                }
              }
            ],
            "category": "product_name",
            "name": "Relion 670"
          },
          {
            "branches": [
              {
                "category": "product_version_range",
                "name": "vers:all/\u003e=2.2.2.0|\u003c=2.2.2.4",
                "product": {
                  "name": "Relion 670 series version 2.2.2 revisions up to 2.2.2.4",
                  "product_id": "CSAFPID-0004"
                }
              }
            ],
            "category": "product_name",
            "name": "Relion 670"
          },
          {
            "branches": [
              {
                "category": "product_version_range",
                "name": "vers:all/\u003e=2.2.1.0|\u003c=2.2.1.7",
                "product": {
                  "name": "Relion 670 series version 2.2.1 revisions up to 2.2.1.7",
                  "product_id": "CSAFPID-0005"
                }
              }
            ],
            "category": "product_name",
            "name": "Relion 670"
          },
          {
            "branches": [
              {
                "category": "product_version_range",
                "name": "vers:all/\u003e=1.1|\u003c2.2.1",
                "product": {
                  "name": "Relion 670 series version 1.1 to 2.2.0 all revisions",
                  "product_id": "CSAFPID-0006"
                }
              }
            ],
            "category": "product_name",
            "name": "Relion 670"
          },
          {
            "branches": [
              {
                "category": "product_version_range",
                "name": "vers:all/\u003e=2.2.5.0|\u003c=2.2.5.1",
                "product": {
                  "name": "Relion 650 series version 2.2.5 revisions up to 2.2.5.1",
                  "product_id": "CSAFPID-0007"
                }
              }
            ],
            "category": "product_name",
            "name": "Relion 650"
          },
          {
            "branches": [
              {
                "category": "product_version_range",
                "name": "vers:all/\u003e=2.2.4.0|\u003c=2.2.4.2",
                "product": {
                  "name": "Relion 650 series version 2.2.4 revisions up to 2.2.4.2",
                  "product_id": "CSAFPID-0008"
                }
              }
            ],
            "category": "product_name",
            "name": "Relion 650"
          },
          {
            "branches": [
              {
                "category": "product_version_range",
                "name": "vers:all/\u003e=2.2.1.0|\u003c=2.2.1.7",
                "product": {
                  "name": "Relion 650 series version 2.2.1 revisions up to 2.2.1.7",
                  "product_id": "CSAFPID-0009"
                }
              }
            ],
            "category": "product_name",
            "name": "Relion 650"
          },
          {
            "branches": [
              {
                "category": "product_version_range",
                "name": "vers:all/\u003e=1.0|\u003c2.2.1",
                "product": {
                  "name": "Relion 650 series version 1.0 to 2.2.0 all revisions",
                  "product_id": "CSAFPID-0010"
                }
              }
            ],
            "category": "product_name",
            "name": "Relion 650"
          },
          {
            "branches": [
              {
                "category": "product_version_range",
                "name": "vers:all/\u003e=2.2.5.0|\u003c=2.2.5.1",
                "product": {
                  "name": "SAM-IO series version 2.2.5 revisions up to 2.2.5.1",
                  "product_id": "CSAFPID-0011"
                }
              }
            ],
            "category": "product_name",
            "name": "SAM-IO"
          },
          {
            "branches": [
              {
                "category": "product_version_range",
                "name": "vers:all/\u003e=2.2.1.0|\u003c=2.2.1.7",
                "product": {
                  "name": "SAM-IO series version 2.2.1 revisions up to 2.2.1.7",
                  "product_id": "CSAFPID-0012"
                }
              }
            ],
            "category": "product_name",
            "name": "SAM-IO"
          }
        ],
        "category": "vendor",
        "name": "Hitachi Energy"
      }
    ]
  },
  "vulnerabilities": [
    {
      "cve": "CVE-2020-28895",
      "cwe": {
        "id": "CWE-190",
        "name": "Integer Overflow or Wraparound"
      },
      "notes": [
        {
          "category": "description",
          "text": "In Wind River VxWorks, memory allocator has a possible overflow in calculating the memory block\u0027s size to be allocated by calloc(). As a result, the actual memory allocated is smaller than the buffer size specified by the arguments, leading to memory corruption.",
          "title": "CVE Description"
        }
      ],
      "product_status": {
        "known_affected": [
          "CSAFPID-0001",
          "CSAFPID-0002",
          "CSAFPID-0003",
          "CSAFPID-0004",
          "CSAFPID-0005",
          "CSAFPID-0006",
          "CSAFPID-0007",
          "CSAFPID-0008",
          "CSAFPID-0009",
          "CSAFPID-0010",
          "CSAFPID-0011",
          "CSAFPID-0012"
        ]
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "category": "external",
          "summary": "NVD CVE Detail",
          "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-28895"
        }
      ],
      "remediations": [
        {
          "category": "vendor_fix",
          "details": "Update to 2.2.5.2 version or latest",
          "product_ids": [
            "CSAFPID-0001",
            "CSAFPID-0007",
            "CSAFPID-0011"
          ]
        },
        {
          "category": "vendor_fix",
          "details": "Update to 2.2.4.3 version or latest",
          "product_ids": [
            "CSAFPID-0002",
            "CSAFPID-0008"
          ]
        },
        {
          "category": "vendor_fix",
          "details": "Update to 2.2.3.5 version or latest",
          "product_ids": [
            "CSAFPID-0003"
          ]
        },
        {
          "category": "vendor_fix",
          "details": "Update to 2.2.2.5 version or latest",
          "product_ids": [
            "CSAFPID-0004"
          ]
        },
        {
          "category": "vendor_fix",
          "details": "Update to 2.2.1.8 version or latest",
          "product_ids": [
            "CSAFPID-0005",
            "CSAFPID-0009",
            "CSAFPID-0012"
          ]
        },
        {
          "category": "mitigation",
          "details": "Refer to the Mitigation Factors/Workaround Section for the current mitigation strategy.",
          "product_ids": [
            "CSAFPID-0006",
            "CSAFPID-0010"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "scores": [
        {
          "cvss_v3": {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "availabilityImpact": "LOW",
            "baseScore": 7.3,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "confidentialityImpact": "LOW",
            "environmentalScore": 7.3,
            "environmentalSeverity": "HIGH",
            "integrityImpact": "LOW",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "scope": "UNCHANGED",
            "temporalScore": 7.3,
            "temporalSeverity": "HIGH",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "products": [
            "CSAFPID-0001",
            "CSAFPID-0002",
            "CSAFPID-0003",
            "CSAFPID-0004",
            "CSAFPID-0005",
            "CSAFPID-0006",
            "CSAFPID-0007",
            "CSAFPID-0008",
            "CSAFPID-0009",
            "CSAFPID-0010",
            "CSAFPID-0011",
            "CSAFPID-0012"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "title": "CVE-2020-28895"
    },
    {
      "cve": "CVE-2020-35198",
      "cwe": {
        "id": "CWE-190",
        "name": "Integer Overflow or Wraparound"
      },
      "notes": [
        {
          "category": "description",
          "text": "An issue was discovered in Wind River VxWorks 7. The memory al-locator has a possible integer overflow in calculating a memory block\u0027s size to be allocated by calloc(). As a result, the actual memory allocated is smaller than the buffer size specified by the arguments, leading to memory corruption.",
          "title": "CVE Description"
        }
      ],
      "product_status": {
        "known_affected": [
          "CSAFPID-0001",
          "CSAFPID-0002",
          "CSAFPID-0003",
          "CSAFPID-0004",
          "CSAFPID-0005",
          "CSAFPID-0006",
          "CSAFPID-0007",
          "CSAFPID-0008",
          "CSAFPID-0009",
          "CSAFPID-0010",
          "CSAFPID-0011",
          "CSAFPID-0012"
        ]
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "category": "external",
          "summary": "NVD CVE Detail",
          "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-35198"
        }
      ],
      "remediations": [
        {
          "category": "vendor_fix",
          "details": "Update to 2.2.5.2 version or latest",
          "product_ids": [
            "CSAFPID-0001",
            "CSAFPID-0007",
            "CSAFPID-0011"
          ]
        },
        {
          "category": "vendor_fix",
          "details": "Update to 2.2.4.3 version or latest",
          "product_ids": [
            "CSAFPID-0002",
            "CSAFPID-0008"
          ]
        },
        {
          "category": "vendor_fix",
          "details": "Update to 2.2.3.5 version or latest",
          "product_ids": [
            "CSAFPID-0003"
          ]
        },
        {
          "category": "vendor_fix",
          "details": "Update to 2.2.2.5 version or latest",
          "product_ids": [
            "CSAFPID-0004"
          ]
        },
        {
          "category": "vendor_fix",
          "details": "Update to 2.2.1.8 version or latest",
          "product_ids": [
            "CSAFPID-0005",
            "CSAFPID-0009",
            "CSAFPID-0012"
          ]
        },
        {
          "category": "mitigation",
          "details": "Refer to the Mitigation Factors/Workaround Section for the current mitigation strategy.",
          "product_ids": [
            "CSAFPID-0006",
            "CSAFPID-0010"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "scores": [
        {
          "cvss_v3": {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
            "baseScore": 9.8,
            "baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
            "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
            "environmentalScore": 9.8,
            "environmentalSeverity": "CRITICAL",
            "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "scope": "UNCHANGED",
            "temporalScore": 9.8,
            "temporalSeverity": "CRITICAL",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "products": [
            "CSAFPID-0001",
            "CSAFPID-0002",
            "CSAFPID-0003",
            "CSAFPID-0004",
            "CSAFPID-0005",
            "CSAFPID-0006",
            "CSAFPID-0007",
            "CSAFPID-0008",
            "CSAFPID-0009",
            "CSAFPID-0010",
            "CSAFPID-0011",
            "CSAFPID-0012"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "title": "CVE-2020-35198"
    }
  ]
}