Vulnerability-Lookup

GHSA-96F3-QV87-V4W6

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-04-16 15:34 – Updated: 2025-11-03 21:33

Details

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

netfilter: nfnetlink_queue: Initialize ctx to avoid memory allocation error

It is possible that ctx in nfqnl_build_packet_message() could be used before it is properly initialize, which is only initialized by nfqnl_get_sk_secctx().

This patch corrects this problem by initializing the lsmctx to a safe value when it is declared.

This is similar to the commit 35fcac7a7c25 ("audit: Initialize lsmctx to avoid memory allocation error").

Severity

5.5 (Medium)


                  
                    CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-22110"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-908"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-04-16T15:16:05Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnetfilter: nfnetlink_queue: Initialize ctx to avoid memory allocation error\n\nIt is possible that ctx in nfqnl_build_packet_message() could be used\nbefore it is properly initialize, which is only initialized\nby nfqnl_get_sk_secctx().\n\nThis patch corrects this problem by initializing the lsmctx to a safe\nvalue when it is declared.\n\nThis is similar to the commit 35fcac7a7c25\n(\"audit: Initialize lsmctx to avoid memory allocation error\").",
  "id": "GHSA-96f3-qv87-v4w6",
  "modified": "2025-11-03T21:33:38Z",
  "published": "2025-04-16T15:34:45Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-22110"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/778b09d91baafb13408470c721d034d6515cfa5a"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ddbf7e1d82a1d0c1d3425931a6cb1b83f8454759"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

CVE-2025-22110 (GCVE-0-2025-22110)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-04-16 14:12 – Updated: 2026-08-05 11:56

Title

netfilter: nfnetlink_queue: Initialize ctx to avoid memory allocation error

Summary

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: netfilter: nfnetlink_queue: Initialize ctx to avoid memory allocation error It is possible that ctx in nfqnl_build_packet_message() could be used before it is properly initialize, which is only initialized by nfqnl_get_sk_secctx(). This patch corrects this problem by initializing the lsmctx to a safe value when it is declared. This is similar to the commit 35fcac7a7c25 ("audit: Initialize lsmctx to avoid memory allocation error").

Severity

9.8 (Critical)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Assigner

Linux mitre root

References

2 references

URL	Tags
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ddbf7e1d82a1d0c1d…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/778b09d91baafb134…

Impacted products

2 products

Vendor	Product	Version
Linux	Linux	Affected: 2d470c778120d3cdb8d8ab250329ca85f49f12b1 , < ddbf7e1d82a1d0c1d3425931a6cb1b83f8454759 (git) Affected: 2d470c778120d3cdb8d8ab250329ca85f49f12b1 , < 778b09d91baafb13408470c721d034d6515cfa5a (git)
Linux	Linux	Affected: 6.14 Unaffected: 0 , < 6.14 (semver) Unaffected: 6.14.2 , ≤ 6.14.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.15 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)

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{
  "containers": {
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "net/netfilter/nfnetlink_queue.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "ddbf7e1d82a1d0c1d3425931a6cb1b83f8454759",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "2d470c778120d3cdb8d8ab250329ca85f49f12b1",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "778b09d91baafb13408470c721d034d6515cfa5a",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "2d470c778120d3cdb8d8ab250329ca85f49f12b1",
              "versionType": "git"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "net/netfilter/nfnetlink_queue.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "6.14"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "6.14",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.14.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.14.2",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.15",
              "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "cpeApplicability": [
        {
          "nodes": [
            {
              "cpeMatch": [
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.14.2",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "6.14",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.15",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "6.14",
                  "vulnerable": true
                }
              ],
              "negate": false,
              "operator": "OR"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnetfilter: nfnetlink_queue: Initialize ctx to avoid memory allocation error\n\nIt is possible that ctx in nfqnl_build_packet_message() could be used\nbefore it is properly initialize, which is only initialized\nby nfqnl_get_sk_secctx().\n\nThis patch corrects this problem by initializing the lsmctx to a safe\nvalue when it is declared.\n\nThis is similar to the commit 35fcac7a7c25\n(\"audit: Initialize lsmctx to avoid memory allocation error\")."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "baseScore": 9.8,
            "baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "AV:N - The uninitialized `lsm_context` is consumed in `nfqnl_build_packet_message()`, which runs in the softirq packet-receive path for every packet hitting an NFQUEUE verdict (`nf_hook_slow` \u2192 `nf_queue` \u2192 `nfqnl_enqueue_packet`). On an internet-facing host running an inline NFQUEUE-based IPS (Suricata/Snort IPS mode), remote packets alone drive the vulnerable code.\nAC:L - The uninitialized-memory use is unconditional and deterministic \u2014 it fires on every queued packet with no crafting required \u2014 and the attacker can repeat it millions of times while shaping the underlying stack through the preceding IP/conntrack/netfilter processing of their own packets.\nPR:N - In the inline-IPS deployment the remote attacker needs no credentials whatsoever; merely sending traffic to the host executes the vulnerable code. Even in the purely local model, the `NFQUEUE` rule and nfnetlink queue socket are gated only by `netlink_net_capable(CAP_NET_ADMIN)`/`ns_capable()`, which any unprivileged user obtains via `unshare -Urn`.\nUI:N - No victim action is required \u2014 the flaw triggers automatically during kernel packet processing as soon as traffic traverses the NFQUEUE rule.\nS:U - The invalid free and resulting slab corruption occur entirely within the kernel\u0027s own security authority; no VM, IOMMU, or sandbox boundary is crossed.\nC:H - Uninitialized stack memory is interpreted as a pointer and length, and the resulting wild `kfree()` yields slab corruption that can be groomed into an arbitrary-read primitive, so treat as high per use-after-free/uninitialized-memory guidance.\nI:H - `selinux_release_secctx()`/`apparmor_release_secctx()` call `kfree()` on an attacker-influenceable stale stack value, giving an arbitrary-free primitive that corrupts the slab allocator and is a well-established route to arbitrary write and control-flow hijack.\nA:H - Freeing a bogus pointer triggers slab metadata corruption, `BUG_ON`/oops, or panic, and the path is reached on every queued packet so it can be driven repeatedly until the kernel dies."
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T11:56:50.656Z",
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        "shortName": "Linux"
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          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ddbf7e1d82a1d0c1d3425931a6cb1b83f8454759"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/778b09d91baafb13408470c721d034d6515cfa5a"
        }
      ],
      "title": "netfilter: nfnetlink_queue: Initialize ctx to avoid memory allocation error",
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  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
    "assignerShortName": "Linux",
    "cveId": "CVE-2025-22110",
    "datePublished": "2025-04-16T14:12:57.061Z",
    "dateReserved": "2024-12-29T08:45:45.820Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T11:56:50.656Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.

The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base model, served locally by ML-Gateway. They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
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