ghsa-36fq-jgmw-4r9c
Vulnerability from github
Published
2025-09-19 09:31
Modified
2025-09-23 21:30
Severity ?
7.3 (High) - CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
8.7 (High) - CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
Summary
Keras is vulnerable to Deserialization of Untrusted Data
Details

Arbitrary Code Execution in Keras

Keras versions prior to 3.11.0 allow for arbitrary code execution when loading a crafted .keras model archive, even when safe_mode=True.

The issue arises because the archive’s config.json is parsed before layer deserialization. This can invoke keras.config.enable_unsafe_deserialization(), effectively disabling safe mode from within the loading process itself. An attacker can place this call first in the archive and then include a Lambda layer whose function is deserialized from a pickle, leading to the execution of attacker-controlled Python code as soon as a victim loads the model file.

Exploitation requires a user to open an untrusted model; no additional privileges are needed. The fix in version 3.11.0 enforces safe-mode semantics before reading any user-controlled configuration and prevents the toggling of unsafe deserialization via the config file.

Affected versions: < 3.11.0 Patched version: 3.11.0

It is recommended to upgrade to version 3.11.0 or later and to avoid opening untrusted model files.

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{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "PyPI",
        "name": "keras"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "3.11.0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-9906"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-502"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2025-09-19T17:16:44Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-09-19T09:15:36Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "### Arbitrary Code Execution in Keras\n\nKeras versions prior to 3.11.0 allow for arbitrary code execution when loading a crafted `.keras` model archive, even when `safe_mode=True`.\n\nThe issue arises because the archive\u2019s `config.json` is parsed before layer deserialization. This can invoke `keras.config.enable_unsafe_deserialization()`, effectively disabling safe mode from within the loading process itself. An attacker can place this call first in the archive and then include a `Lambda` layer whose function is deserialized from a pickle, leading to the execution of attacker-controlled Python code as soon as a victim loads the model file.\n\nExploitation requires a user to open an untrusted model; no additional privileges are needed. The fix in version 3.11.0 enforces safe-mode semantics *before* reading any user-controlled configuration and prevents the toggling of unsafe deserialization via the config file.\n\n**Affected versions:** \u003c 3.11.0\n**Patched version:** 3.11.0\n\nIt is recommended to upgrade to version 3.11.0 or later and to avoid opening untrusted model files.",
  "id": "GHSA-36fq-jgmw-4r9c",
  "modified": "2025-09-23T21:30:06Z",
  "published": "2025-09-19T09:31:14Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-9906"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/keras-team/keras/pull/21429"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/keras-team/keras/commit/713172ab56b864e59e2aa79b1a51b0e728bba858"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/keras-team/keras"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/keras-team/keras/releases/tag/v3.11.0"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2025-9906"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Keras is vulnerable to Deserialization of Untrusted Data"
}


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