Vulnerability-Lookup

FKIE_CVE-2025-38607

Vulnerability from fkie_nvd - Published: 2025-08-19 17:15 - Updated: 2026-07-30 06:23

Severity

7.8 (High) - CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
5.5 (Medium) - CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

Summary

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: bpf: handle jset (if a & b ...) as a jump in CFG computation BPF_JSET is a conditional jump and currently verifier.c:can_jump() does not know about that. This can lead to incorrect live registers and SCC computation. E.g. in the following example: 1: r0 = 1; 2: r2 = 2; 3: if r1 & 0x7 goto +1; 4: exit; 5: r0 = r2; 6: exit; W/o this fix insn_successors(3) will return only (4), a jump to (5) would be missed and r2 won't be marked as alive at (3).

References

URL	Tags
416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67	https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/261b30ad1516f4b9edd500aa6e8d6315c8fc109a	Patch
416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67	https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/3157f7e2999616ac91f4d559a8566214f74000a5	Patch
416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67	https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/65eb166b8636365ad3d6e36d50a7c5edfe6cc66e	Patch

Impacted products

	Vendor	Product	Version
	linux	linux_kernel	*
	linux	linux_kernel	*

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "affectedData": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "kernel/bpf/verifier.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "65eb166b8636365ad3d6e36d50a7c5edfe6cc66e",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "14c8552db64476ffc27c13dc6652fc0dac31c0ba",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "261b30ad1516f4b9edd500aa6e8d6315c8fc109a",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "14c8552db64476ffc27c13dc6652fc0dac31c0ba",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "3157f7e2999616ac91f4d559a8566214f74000a5",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "14c8552db64476ffc27c13dc6652fc0dac31c0ba",
              "versionType": "git"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "kernel/bpf/verifier.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "6.15"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "6.15",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.15.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.15.10",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.16.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.16.1",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.17",
              "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67"
    }
  ],
  "configurations": [
    {
      "nodes": [
        {
          "cpeMatch": [
            {
              "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
              "matchCriteriaId": "2EA7D98E-F04C-44BE-AC61-F5ADC4C88EC6",
              "versionEndExcluding": "6.15.10",
              "versionStartIncluding": "6.15",
              "vulnerable": true
            },
            {
              "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
              "matchCriteriaId": "58182352-D7DF-4CC9-841E-03C1D852C3FB",
              "versionEndExcluding": "6.16.1",
              "versionStartIncluding": "6.16",
              "vulnerable": true
            }
          ],
          "negate": false,
          "operator": "OR"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "cveTags": [],
  "descriptions": [
    {
      "lang": "en",
      "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nbpf: handle jset (if a \u0026 b ...) as a jump in CFG computation\n\nBPF_JSET is a conditional jump and currently verifier.c:can_jump()\ndoes not know about that. This can lead to incorrect live registers\nand SCC computation.\n\nE.g. in the following example:\n\n   1: r0 = 1;\n   2: r2 = 2;\n   3: if r1 \u0026 0x7 goto +1;\n   4: exit;\n   5: r0 = r2;\n   6: exit;\n\nW/o this fix insn_successors(3) will return only (4), a jump to (5)\nwould be missed and r2 won\u0027t be marked as alive at (3)."
    },
    {
      "lang": "es",
      "value": "En el kernel de Linux, se ha resuelto la siguiente vulnerabilidad: bpf: manejar jset (si a \u0026amp; b ...) como un salto en el c\u00e1lculo CFG. BPF_JSET es un salto condicional y actualmente verifier.c:can_jump() no lo detecta. Esto puede provocar registros activos y c\u00e1lculos SCC incorrectos. Por ejemplo, en el siguiente ejemplo: 1: r0 = 1; 2: r2 = 2; 3: si r1 \u0026amp; 0x7 goto +1; 4: salir; 5: r0 = r2; 6: salir; Sin esta correcci\u00f3n, insn_successors(3) solo devolver\u00e1 (4), se omitir\u00eda un salto a (5) y r2 no se marcar\u00eda como activo en (3)."
    }
  ],
  "id": "CVE-2025-38607",
  "lastModified": "2026-07-30T06:23:30.447",
  "metrics": {
    "cvssMetricV31": [
      {
        "cvssData": {
          "attackComplexity": "LOW",
          "attackVector": "LOCAL",
          "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
          "baseScore": 7.8,
          "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
          "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
          "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
          "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
          "scope": "UNCHANGED",
          "userInteraction": "NONE",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
          "version": "3.1"
        },
        "exploitabilityScore": 1.8,
        "impactScore": 5.9,
        "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "type": "Secondary"
      },
      {
        "cvssData": {
          "attackComplexity": "LOW",
          "attackVector": "LOCAL",
          "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
          "baseScore": 5.5,
          "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
          "confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
          "integrityImpact": "NONE",
          "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
          "scope": "UNCHANGED",
          "userInteraction": "NONE",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
          "version": "3.1"
        },
        "exploitabilityScore": 1.8,
        "impactScore": 3.6,
        "source": "nvd@nist.gov",
        "type": "Primary"
      }
    ]
  },
  "published": "2025-08-19T17:15:39.070",
  "references": [
    {
      "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
      "tags": [
        "Patch"
      ],
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/261b30ad1516f4b9edd500aa6e8d6315c8fc109a"
    },
    {
      "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
      "tags": [
        "Patch"
      ],
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/3157f7e2999616ac91f4d559a8566214f74000a5"
    },
    {
      "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
      "tags": [
        "Patch"
      ],
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/65eb166b8636365ad3d6e36d50a7c5edfe6cc66e"
    }
  ],
  "sourceIdentifier": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
  "vulnStatus": "Modified",
  "weaknesses": [
    {
      "description": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "NVD-CWE-noinfo"
        }
      ],
      "source": "nvd@nist.gov",
      "type": "Primary"
    }
  ]
}

CVE-2025-38607 (GCVE-0-2025-38607)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-08-19 17:03 – Updated: 2026-08-05 12:03

Title

bpf: handle jset (if a & b ...) as a jump in CFG computation

Summary

Severity

7.8 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Assigner

Linux mitre root Scorecard

References

3 references

URL	Tags
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/65eb166b8636365ad…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/261b30ad1516f4b9e…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/3157f7e2999616ac9…

Impacted products

2 products

Vendor	Product	Version
Linux	Linux	Affected: 14c8552db64476ffc27c13dc6652fc0dac31c0ba , < 65eb166b8636365ad3d6e36d50a7c5edfe6cc66e (git) Affected: 14c8552db64476ffc27c13dc6652fc0dac31c0ba , < 261b30ad1516f4b9edd500aa6e8d6315c8fc109a (git) Affected: 14c8552db64476ffc27c13dc6652fc0dac31c0ba , < 3157f7e2999616ac91f4d559a8566214f74000a5 (git)
Linux	Linux	Affected: 6.15 Unaffected: 0 , < 6.15 (semver) Unaffected: 6.15.10 , ≤ 6.15.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.16.1 , ≤ 6.16.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.17 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "containers": {
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "kernel/bpf/verifier.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "65eb166b8636365ad3d6e36d50a7c5edfe6cc66e",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "14c8552db64476ffc27c13dc6652fc0dac31c0ba",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "261b30ad1516f4b9edd500aa6e8d6315c8fc109a",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "14c8552db64476ffc27c13dc6652fc0dac31c0ba",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "3157f7e2999616ac91f4d559a8566214f74000a5",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "14c8552db64476ffc27c13dc6652fc0dac31c0ba",
              "versionType": "git"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "kernel/bpf/verifier.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "6.15"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "6.15",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.15.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.15.10",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.16.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.16.1",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.17",
              "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "cpeApplicability": [
        {
          "nodes": [
            {
              "cpeMatch": [
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.15.10",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "6.15",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.16.1",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "6.15",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.17",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "6.15",
                  "vulnerable": true
                }
              ],
              "negate": false,
              "operator": "OR"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nbpf: handle jset (if a \u0026 b ...) as a jump in CFG computation\n\nBPF_JSET is a conditional jump and currently verifier.c:can_jump()\ndoes not know about that. This can lead to incorrect live registers\nand SCC computation.\n\nE.g. in the following example:\n\n   1: r0 = 1;\n   2: r2 = 2;\n   3: if r1 \u0026 0x7 goto +1;\n   4: exit;\n   5: r0 = r2;\n   6: exit;\n\nW/o this fix insn_successors(3) will return only (4), a jump to (5)\nwould be missed and r2 won\u0027t be marked as alive at (3)."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "baseScore": 7.8,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "AV:L - The vulnerable analysis runs inside the BPF verifier, reached only through the local `bpf(BPF_PROG_LOAD)` syscall with attacker-supplied bytecode. There is no network or remote-peer component in the path.\nAC:L - The attacker fully authors the instruction stream, so emitting a `BPF_JSET` prune point whose taken-branch registers are wrongly marked dead is entirely deterministic. No race, timing window, or uncontrollable memory-layout condition is involved.\nPR:L - With the upstream default `CONFIG_BPF_UNPRIV_DEFAULT_OFF=n` (`sysctl_unprivileged_bpf_disabled == 0`), any unprivileged local user can load a socket-filter program and reach `compute_live_registers()`/`func_states_equal()`; otherwise `CAP_BPF`, commonly held by container and observability workloads, is enough. No real root in the init namespace is required.\nUI:N - The attacker loads and triggers its own BPF program end-to-end via the bpf() syscall. No victim action or cooperation is needed.\nS:U - The impact is confinement failure within the kernel\u0027s own security authority \u2014 an unprivileged process gains kernel-level memory access on the same host. No VM, IOMMU, or hypervisor boundary is crossed.\nC:H - Unsound pruning at the JSET checkpoint lets an unverified attacker-controlled pointer/scalar be used for loads on the taken branch, yielding arbitrary kernel memory read and disclosure of KASLR bases, credentials, and keys. The parallel SCC/precision defect provides a second route to the same leak.\nI:H - The same skipped-register comparison permits an unverified value to reach a store, giving an out-of-bounds kernel write primitive \u2014 the standard eBPF verifier-bypass path to overwriting `struct cred` or kernel text pointers and achieving full privilege escalation. Missing precision back-propagation on JSET loops compounds this.\nA:H - A program accepted with unverified register state performs wild kernel reads and writes, reliably producing oops, corruption, or panic. Complete kernel compromise likewise implies full loss of availability."
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T12:03:27.014Z",
        "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "shortName": "Linux"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/65eb166b8636365ad3d6e36d50a7c5edfe6cc66e"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/261b30ad1516f4b9edd500aa6e8d6315c8fc109a"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/3157f7e2999616ac91f4d559a8566214f74000a5"
        }
      ],
      "title": "bpf: handle jset (if a \u0026 b ...) as a jump in CFG computation",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "bippy-1.2.0"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
    "assignerShortName": "Linux",
    "cveId": "CVE-2025-38607",
    "datePublished": "2025-08-19T17:03:50.947Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-04-16T04:51:24.028Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T12:03:27.014Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base model, served locally by ML-Gateway. They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.

Related by attack behaviour

Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.

Action not permitted

FKIE_CVE-2025-38607

CVE-2025-38607 (GCVE-0-2025-38607)

Tags

Sightings

Nomenclature

Related by attack behaviour