fkie_nvd - fkie_cve-2025-1727

fkie_cve-2025-1727

Vulnerability from fkie_nvd

Published

2025-07-10 23:15

Modified

2025-07-15 13:14

Severity ?

8.1 (High) - CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H

Summary

The protocol used for remote linking over RF for End-of-Train and Head-of-Train (also known as a FRED) relies on a BCH checksum for packet creation. It is possible to create these EoT and HoT packets with a software defined radio and issue brake control commands to the EoT device, disrupting operations or potentially overwhelming the brake systems.

References

▼	URL	Tags
	ics-cert@hq.dhs.gov	https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/ics-advisories/icsa-25-191-10

Impacted products

	Vendor	Product	Version

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "cveTags": [],
  "descriptions": [
    {
      "lang": "en",
      "value": "The protocol used for remote linking over RF for End-of-Train and \nHead-of-Train (also known as a FRED) relies on a BCH checksum for packet\n creation. It is possible to create these EoT and HoT packets with a \nsoftware defined radio and issue brake control commands to the EoT \ndevice, disrupting operations or potentially overwhelming the brake \nsystems."
    },
    {
      "lang": "es",
      "value": "El protocolo utilizado para la conexi\u00f3n remota por RF para End-of-Train and Head-of-Train (tambi\u00e9n conocido como FRED) se basa en una suma de comprobaci\u00f3n BCH para la creaci\u00f3n de paquetes. Es posible crear estos paquetes EoT y HoT con una radio definida por software y emitir comandos de control de freno al dispositivo EoT, lo que podr\u00eda interrumpir las operaciones o saturar los sistemas de freno."
    }
  ],
  "id": "CVE-2025-1727",
  "lastModified": "2025-07-15T13:14:49.980",
  "metrics": {
    "cvssMetricV31": [
      {
        "cvssData": {
          "attackComplexity": "LOW",
          "attackVector": "ADJACENT_NETWORK",
          "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
          "baseScore": 8.1,
          "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
          "confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
          "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
          "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
          "scope": "UNCHANGED",
          "userInteraction": "NONE",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H",
          "version": "3.1"
        },
        "exploitabilityScore": 2.8,
        "impactScore": 5.2,
        "source": "ics-cert@hq.dhs.gov",
        "type": "Secondary"
      }
    ],
    "cvssMetricV40": [
      {
        "cvssData": {
          "Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "attackComplexity": "LOW",
          "attackRequirements": "NONE",
          "attackVector": "ADJACENT",
          "availabilityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "baseScore": 7.2,
          "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
          "confidentialityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "exploitMaturity": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "integrityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedAttackComplexity": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedAttackRequirements": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedAttackVector": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedPrivilegesRequired": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedSubAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedSubConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedSubIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedUserInteraction": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedVulnAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedVulnConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedVulnIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
          "providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
          "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
          "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
          "userInteraction": "NONE",
          "valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
          "version": "4.0",
          "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH",
          "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
          "vulnIntegrityImpact": "HIGH",
          "vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
        },
        "source": "ics-cert@hq.dhs.gov",
        "type": "Secondary"
      }
    ]
  },
  "published": "2025-07-10T23:15:27.600",
  "references": [
    {
      "source": "ics-cert@hq.dhs.gov",
      "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/ics-advisories/icsa-25-191-10"
    }
  ],
  "sourceIdentifier": "ics-cert@hq.dhs.gov",
  "vulnStatus": "Awaiting Analysis",
  "weaknesses": [
    {
      "description": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "CWE-1390"
        }
      ],
      "source": "ics-cert@hq.dhs.gov",
      "type": "Primary"
    }
  ]
}

CVE-2025-1727 (GCVE-0-2025-1727)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5

Published

2025-07-10 22:59

Modified

2025-07-11 14:06

Severity ?

8.1 (High) - CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H
7.2 (High) - CVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

CWE

CWE-1390

Summary

References

▼	URL	Tags
	https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/ics-advisories/icsa-25-191-10

Impacted products

	Vendor	Product	Version
	End-of-Train and Head-of-Train remote linking protocol	End-of-Train and Head-of-Train remote linking protocol	Version: All versions

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2025-1727",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "total"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2025-07-11T14:06:22.369634Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
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        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2025-07-11T14:06:28.251Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
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        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "End-of-Train and Head-of-Train remote linking protocol",
          "vendor": "End-of-Train and Head-of-Train remote linking protocol",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "All versions"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "credits": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "type": "finder",
          "value": "Neil Smith and Eric Reuter reported this vulnerability to CISA."
        }
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      "descriptions": [
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          "lang": "en",
          "supportingMedia": [
            {
              "base64": false,
              "type": "text/html",
              "value": "The protocol used for remote linking over RF for End-of-Train and \nHead-of-Train (also known as a FRED) relies on a BCH checksum for packet\n creation. It is possible to create these EoT and HoT packets with a \nsoftware defined radio and issue brake control commands to the EoT \ndevice, disrupting operations or potentially overwhelming the brake \nsystems."
            }
          ],
          "value": "The protocol used for remote linking over RF for End-of-Train and \nHead-of-Train (also known as a FRED) relies on a BCH checksum for packet\n creation. It is possible to create these EoT and HoT packets with a \nsoftware defined radio and issue brake control commands to the EoT \ndevice, disrupting operations or potentially overwhelming the brake \nsystems."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
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            "attackVector": "ADJACENT_NETWORK",
            "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
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            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
            "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "scope": "UNCHANGED",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
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          "scenarios": [
            {
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            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "cvssV4_0": {
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            "Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
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            "attackRequirements": "NONE",
            "attackVector": "ADJACENT",
            "baseScore": 7.2,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
            "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
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            "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH",
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            "vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
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      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2025-07-10T22:59:34.802Z",
        "orgId": "7d14cffa-0d7d-4270-9dc0-52cabd5a23a6",
        "shortName": "icscert"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/ics-advisories/icsa-25-191-10"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "advisory": "ICSA-25-191-10",
        "discovery": "EXTERNAL"
      },
      "title": "End-of-Train and Head-of-Train Remote Linking Protocol Weak Authentication",
      "workarounds": [
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          "lang": "en",
          "supportingMedia": [
            {
              "base64": false,
              "type": "text/html",
              "value": "\u003cp\u003eThe Association of American Railroads (AAR) is pursuing new equipment\n and protocols which should replace traditional End-of-Train and \nHead-of-Train devices. The standards committees involved in these \nupdates are aware of the vulnerability and are investigating mitigating \nsolutions.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe AAR Railroad Electronics Standards Committee (RESC) maintains \nthis protocol which is used by multiple manufacturers across the \nindustry, including Hitachi Rail STS USA, Wabtec, Siemens, and others. \nUsers of EoT/HoT devices are recommended to contact their own device \nmanufacturers with questions.\u003c/p\u003e"
            }
          ],
          "value": "The Association of American Railroads (AAR) is pursuing new equipment\n and protocols which should replace traditional End-of-Train and \nHead-of-Train devices. The standards committees involved in these \nupdates are aware of the vulnerability and are investigating mitigating \nsolutions.\n\n\nThe AAR Railroad Electronics Standards Committee (RESC) maintains \nthis protocol which is used by multiple manufacturers across the \nindustry, including Hitachi Rail STS USA, Wabtec, Siemens, and others. \nUsers of EoT/HoT devices are recommended to contact their own device \nmanufacturers with questions."
        }
      ],
      "x_generator": {
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      }
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  },
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    "assignerShortName": "icscert",
    "cveId": "CVE-2025-1727",
    "datePublished": "2025-07-10T22:59:34.802Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-02-26T20:19:11.460Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2025-07-11T14:06:28.251Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.1"
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or seen somewhere by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability is confirmed from an analyst perspective.
Exploited: This vulnerability was exploited and seen by the user reporting the sighting.
Patched: This vulnerability was successfully patched by the user reporting the sighting.
Not exploited: This vulnerability was not exploited or seen by the user reporting the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expresses doubt about the veracity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: This vulnerability was not successfully patched by the user reporting the sighting.

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