Vulnerability-Lookup

CVE-2025-44005 (GCVE-0-2025-44005)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-17 15:16 – Updated: 2025-12-17 18:00

Summary

An attacker can bypass authorization checks and force a Step CA ACME or SCEP provisioner to create certificates without completing certain protocol authorization checks.

Severity ?

10 (Critical)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N

CWE

CWE-287 - Improper Authentication

Assigner

talos

References

URL

Tags

	https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_repor…
	https://github.com/smallstep/certificates/securit…

Impacted products

	Vendor	Product	Version
	smallstep	Step-CA	Affected: 0.28.4 Affected: v0.28.3

Credits

Stephen Kubik of the Cisco Advanced Security Initiatives Group (ASIG)

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "containers": {
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      {
        "metrics": [
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              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2025-44005",
                "options": [
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                    "Automatable": "yes"
                  },
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                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2025-12-17T15:37:57.395652Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
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            }
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        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2025-12-17T15:40:26.757Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
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          {
            "url": "https://www.talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2025-2242"
          }
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        "title": "CVE Program Container"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "product": "Step-CA",
          "vendor": "smallstep",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "0.28.4"
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              "version": "v0.28.3"
            }
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          "value": "Stephen Kubik of the Cisco Advanced Security Initiatives Group (ASIG)"
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      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "An attacker can bypass authorization checks and force a Step CA ACME or SCEP provisioner to create certificates without completing certain protocol authorization checks."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
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          "cvssV3_1": {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "availabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "baseScore": 10,
            "baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
            "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
            "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "scope": "CHANGED",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N",
            "version": "3.1"
          }
        }
      ],
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          "descriptions": [
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              "cweId": "CWE-287",
              "description": "CWE-287: Improper Authentication",
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              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
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      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2025-12-17T18:00:09.151Z",
        "orgId": "b86d76f8-0f8a-4a96-a78d-d8abfc7fc29b",
        "shortName": "talos"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2025-2242",
          "url": "https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2025-2242"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/smallstep/certificates/security/advisories/GHSA-h8cp-697h-8c8p",
          "url": "https://github.com/smallstep/certificates/security/advisories/GHSA-h8cp-697h-8c8p"
        }
      ]
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "b86d76f8-0f8a-4a96-a78d-d8abfc7fc29b",
    "assignerShortName": "talos",
    "cveId": "CVE-2025-44005",
    "datePublished": "2025-12-17T15:16:16.495Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-07-28T19:00:54.642Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2025-12-17T18:00:09.151Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2",
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    "nvd": "{\"cve\":{\"id\":\"CVE-2025-44005\",\"sourceIdentifier\":\"talos-cna@cisco.com\",\"published\":\"2025-12-17T16:16:05.847\",\"lastModified\":\"2025-12-18T15:07:42.550\",\"vulnStatus\":\"Awaiting Analysis\",\"cveTags\":[],\"descriptions\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"An attacker can bypass authorization checks and force a Step CA ACME or SCEP provisioner to create certificates without completing certain protocol authorization checks.\"}],\"metrics\":{\"cvssMetricV31\":[{\"source\":\"talos-cna@cisco.com\",\"type\":\"Secondary\",\"cvssData\":{\"version\":\"3.1\",\"vectorString\":\"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N\",\"baseScore\":10.0,\"baseSeverity\":\"CRITICAL\",\"attackVector\":\"NETWORK\",\"attackComplexity\":\"LOW\",\"privilegesRequired\":\"NONE\",\"userInteraction\":\"NONE\",\"scope\":\"CHANGED\",\"confidentialityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"integrityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"availabilityImpact\":\"NONE\"},\"exploitabilityScore\":3.9,\"impactScore\":5.8}]},\"weaknesses\":[{\"source\":\"talos-cna@cisco.com\",\"type\":\"Secondary\",\"description\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"CWE-287\"}]}],\"references\":[{\"url\":\"https://github.com/smallstep/certificates/security/advisories/GHSA-h8cp-697h-8c8p\",\"source\":\"talos-cna@cisco.com\"},{\"url\":\"https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2025-2242\",\"source\":\"talos-cna@cisco.com\"},{\"url\":\"https://www.talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2025-2242\",\"source\":\"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108\"}]}}"
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GHSA-H8CP-697H-8C8P

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-12-03 17:00 – Updated: 2025-12-03 17:00

Summary

Step CA Has Authorization Bypass in ACME and SCEP Provisioners

Details

Summary

A security fix is now available for Step CA that resolves a vulnerability affecting deployments configured with ACME and/or SCEP provisioners. All operators running these provisioners should upgrade to the latest release (v0.29.0) immediately.

The issue was discovered and disclosed by a research team during a security review. There is no evidence of active exploitation.

To limit exploitation risk during a coordinated disclosure window, we are withholding detailed technical information for now. A full write-up will be published in several weeks.

Embargo List

If your organization runs Step CA in production and would like advance, embargoed notification of future security updates, visit https://u.step.sm/disclosure to request inclusion on our embargo list.

Acknowledgements

This issue was identified and reported by Stephen Kubik of the Cisco Advanced Security Initiatives Group (ASIG)

Stay safe, and thank you for helping us keep the ecosystem secure.

Severity ?

10.0 (Critical)


                  
                    CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N

Show details on source website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 0.28.4"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Go",
        "name": "github.com/smallstep/certificates"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "0.29.0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-44005"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-306"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2025-12-03T17:00:03Z",
    "nvd_published_at": null,
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "## Summary\n\nA security fix is now available for Step CA that resolves a vulnerability affecting deployments configured with ACME and/or SCEP provisioners.\nAll operators running these provisioners should upgrade to the latest release (`v0.29.0`) immediately.\n\nThe issue was discovered and disclosed by a research team during a security review. There is no evidence of active exploitation.\n\nTo limit exploitation risk during a coordinated disclosure window, we are withholding detailed technical information for now. A full write-up will be published in several weeks.\n\n---\n\n## Embargo List\n\nIf your organization runs Step CA in production and would like advance, embargoed notification of future security updates, visit https://u.step.sm/disclosure to request inclusion on our embargo list.\n\n---\n\n## Acknowledgements\n\nThis issue was identified and reported by Stephen Kubik of the Cisco Advanced Security Initiatives Group (ASIG)\n\n---\n\nStay safe, and thank you for helping us keep the ecosystem secure.",
  "id": "GHSA-h8cp-697h-8c8p",
  "modified": "2025-12-03T17:00:03Z",
  "published": "2025-12-03T17:00:03Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/smallstep/certificates/security/advisories/GHSA-h8cp-697h-8c8p"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/smallstep/certificates/commit/1011f5f5408b470a636f583bf74c0d7bbaf75d72"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/smallstep/certificates"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Step CA Has Authorization Bypass in ACME and SCEP Provisioners"
}

FKIE_CVE-2025-44005

Vulnerability from fkie_nvd - Published: 2025-12-17 16:16 - Updated: 2025-12-18 15:07

Severity ?

10.0 (Critical) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N

Summary

An attacker can bypass authorization checks and force a Step CA ACME or SCEP provisioner to create certificates without completing certain protocol authorization checks.

References

	URL	Tags
	talos-cna@cisco.com	https://github.com/smallstep/certificates/security/advisories/GHSA-h8cp-697h-8c8p
	talos-cna@cisco.com	https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2025-2242
	af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108	https://www.talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2025-2242

Impacted products

	Vendor	Product	Version

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "cveTags": [],
  "descriptions": [
    {
      "lang": "en",
      "value": "An attacker can bypass authorization checks and force a Step CA ACME or SCEP provisioner to create certificates without completing certain protocol authorization checks."
    }
  ],
  "id": "CVE-2025-44005",
  "lastModified": "2025-12-18T15:07:42.550",
  "metrics": {
    "cvssMetricV31": [
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          "attackComplexity": "LOW",
          "attackVector": "NETWORK",
          "availabilityImpact": "NONE",
          "baseScore": 10.0,
          "baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
          "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
          "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
          "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
          "scope": "CHANGED",
          "userInteraction": "NONE",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N",
          "version": "3.1"
        },
        "exploitabilityScore": 3.9,
        "impactScore": 5.8,
        "source": "talos-cna@cisco.com",
        "type": "Secondary"
      }
    ]
  },
  "published": "2025-12-17T16:16:05.847",
  "references": [
    {
      "source": "talos-cna@cisco.com",
      "url": "https://github.com/smallstep/certificates/security/advisories/GHSA-h8cp-697h-8c8p"
    },
    {
      "source": "talos-cna@cisco.com",
      "url": "https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2025-2242"
    },
    {
      "source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
      "url": "https://www.talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2025-2242"
    }
  ],
  "sourceIdentifier": "talos-cna@cisco.com",
  "vulnStatus": "Awaiting Analysis",
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          "value": "CWE-287"
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}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.

Action not permitted

CVE-2025-44005 (GCVE-0-2025-44005)

GHSA-H8CP-697H-8C8P

Summary

Embargo List

Acknowledgements

FKIE_CVE-2025-44005

Tags

Sightings

Nomenclature