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CVE-2025-39810 (GCVE-0-2025-39810)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-09-16 13:00 – Updated: 2026-08-05 12:05
VLAI
Title
bnxt_en: Fix memory corruption when FW resources change during ifdown
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: bnxt_en: Fix memory corruption when FW resources change during ifdown bnxt_set_dflt_rings() assumes that it is always called before any TC has been created. So it doesn't take bp->num_tc into account and assumes that it is always 0 or 1. In the FW resource or capability change scenario, the FW will return flags in bnxt_hwrm_if_change() that will cause the driver to reinitialize and call bnxt_cancel_reservations(). This will lead to bnxt_init_dflt_ring_mode() calling bnxt_set_dflt_rings() and bp->num_tc may be greater than 1. This will cause bp->tx_ring[] to be sized too small and cause memory corruption in bnxt_alloc_cp_rings(). Fix it by properly scaling the TX rings by bp->num_tc in the code paths mentioned above. Add 2 helper functions to determine bp->tx_nr_rings and bp->tx_nr_rings_per_tc.
Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-01-14 18:14 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version CPE status
Linux Linux Affected: ec5d31e3c15d5233b491400133c67f78a320062c , < d00e98977ef519280b075d783653e2c492fffbb6 (git)
Affected: ec5d31e3c15d5233b491400133c67f78a320062c , < 9ab6a9950f152e094395d2e3967f889857daa185 (git)
Affected: ec5d31e3c15d5233b491400133c67f78a320062c , < 2747328ba2714f1a7454208dbbc1dc0631990b4a (git)
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Linux Linux Affected: 5.4
Unaffected: 0 , < 5.4 (semver)
Unaffected: 6.12.45 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.16.5 , ≤ 6.16.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.17 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)
guessed Create a notification for this product.
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      "containers": "{\"adp\": [{\"title\": \"CISA ADP Vulnrichment\", \"metrics\": [{\"cvssV3_1\": {\"scope\": \"UNCHANGED\", \"version\": \"3.1\", \"baseScore\": 7.8, \"attackVector\": \"LOCAL\", \"baseSeverity\": \"HIGH\", \"vectorString\": \"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H\", \"integrityImpact\": \"HIGH\", \"userInteraction\": \"NONE\", \"attackComplexity\": \"LOW\", \"availabilityImpact\": \"HIGH\", \"privilegesRequired\": \"LOW\", \"confidentialityImpact\": \"HIGH\"}}, {\"other\": {\"type\": \"ssvc\", \"content\": {\"id\": \"CVE-2025-39810\", \"role\": \"CISA Coordinator\", \"options\": [{\"Exploitation\": \"none\"}, {\"Automatable\": \"no\"}, {\"Technical Impact\": \"total\"}], \"version\": \"2.0.3\", \"timestamp\": \"2026-01-14T18:14:51.954727Z\"}}}], \"problemTypes\": [{\"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"type\": \"CWE\", \"cweId\": \"CWE-787\", \"description\": \"CWE-787 Out-of-bounds Write\"}]}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0\", \"shortName\": \"CISA-ADP\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-01-14T18:14:47.250Z\"}}], \"cna\": {\"title\": \"bnxt_en: Fix memory corruption when FW resources change during ifdown\", \"metrics\": [{\"cvssV3_1\": {\"version\": \"3.1\", \"baseScore\": 7.8, \"baseSeverity\": \"HIGH\", \"vectorString\": \"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H\"}, \"scenarios\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"value\": \"AV:L - The trigger sequence is local device configuration \\u2014 mqprio/DCBNL to set `bp-\u003enum_tc \u003e 1` via rtnetlink, then a link down/up cycle through `bnxt_open()`. No remote peer traffic or network protocol data reaches the vulnerable computation.\\nAC:L - The attacker arms the condition persistently: once multi-TC is configured, every subsequent ifup that sees a firmware `RESC_CHANGE`/`CAPS_CHANGE` deterministically undersizes `bp-\u003etx_ring[]`, and such resource changes are routine recurring events (SR-IOV VF count changes, RoCE driver load/unload, firmware update, PF reconfiguration) that can simply be waited out and re-triggered by cycling the interface \\u2014 there is no one-shot race to win.\\nPR:L - Reaching the path needs CAP_NET_ADMIN over the bnxt netdev, which in the common SR-IOV cloud/Kubernetes deployment is held by an otherwise unprivileged container after a VF is delegated into its user-namespace-owned network namespace, where `tc qdisc add ... mqprio` and `ip link set up` are permitted. That is delegated network-admin capability, not real root in the init namespace.\\nUI:N - No victim action is needed \\u2014 the corruption occurs entirely within the attacker\u0027s own interface bring-up sequence once the multi-TC configuration is in place.\\nS:U - The out-of-bounds write corrupts kernel heap objects belonging to the same kernel security authority; no VM, IOMMU, or hypervisor boundary is crossed.\\nC:H - The overflow plants live `bnxt_cp_ring_info` pointers into adjacent heap objects and leaves `netdev_set_tc_queue()` mappings pointing past `real_num_tx_queues`, so subsequent TX-completion and queue-selection code dereferences and reads memory outside the intended objects, which is leverageable for kernel memory disclosure.\\nI:H - `bp-\u003etx_ring[n].tx_cpr = cpr2` writes a kernel heap pointer well beyond the `kcalloc`\u0027d array, at an offset scaled by the attacker-chosen `num_tc` and per-TC ring count \\u2014 a placement-influenceable arbitrary-ish pointer write into neighbouring slab objects, the classic primitive for control-flow hijack.\\nA:H - Corrupting unrelated heap allocations with stray pointers, plus TX queues indexed past `real_num_tx_queues`, reliably produces oops/panic on a machine performing normal networking, and the sequence can be repeated at will.\"}]}], \"affected\": [{\"repo\": \"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\", \"vendor\": \"Linux\", \"product\": \"Linux\", \"versions\": [{\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"ec5d31e3c15d5233b491400133c67f78a320062c\", \"lessThan\": \"d00e98977ef519280b075d783653e2c492fffbb6\", \"versionType\": \"git\"}, {\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"ec5d31e3c15d5233b491400133c67f78a320062c\", \"lessThan\": \"9ab6a9950f152e094395d2e3967f889857daa185\", \"versionType\": \"git\"}, {\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"ec5d31e3c15d5233b491400133c67f78a320062c\", \"lessThan\": \"2747328ba2714f1a7454208dbbc1dc0631990b4a\", \"versionType\": \"git\"}], \"programFiles\": [\"drivers/net/ethernet/broadcom/bnxt/bnxt.c\"], \"defaultStatus\": \"unaffected\"}, {\"repo\": \"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\", \"vendor\": \"Linux\", \"product\": \"Linux\", \"versions\": [{\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"5.4\"}, {\"status\": \"unaffected\", \"version\": \"0\", \"lessThan\": \"5.4\", \"versionType\": \"semver\"}, {\"status\": \"unaffected\", \"version\": \"6.12.45\", \"versionType\": \"semver\", \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"6.12.*\"}, {\"status\": \"unaffected\", \"version\": \"6.16.5\", \"versionType\": \"semver\", \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"6.16.*\"}, {\"status\": \"unaffected\", \"version\": \"6.17\", \"versionType\": \"original_commit_for_fix\", \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"*\"}], \"programFiles\": [\"drivers/net/ethernet/broadcom/bnxt/bnxt.c\"], \"defaultStatus\": \"affected\"}], \"references\": [{\"url\": \"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d00e98977ef519280b075d783653e2c492fffbb6\"}, {\"url\": \"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9ab6a9950f152e094395d2e3967f889857daa185\"}, {\"url\": \"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2747328ba2714f1a7454208dbbc1dc0631990b4a\"}], \"x_generator\": {\"engine\": \"bippy-1.2.0\"}, \"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"value\": \"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\\n\\nbnxt_en: Fix memory corruption when FW resources change during ifdown\\n\\nbnxt_set_dflt_rings() assumes that it is always called before any TC has\\nbeen created.  So it doesn\u0027t take bp-\u003enum_tc into account and assumes\\nthat it is always 0 or 1.\\n\\nIn the FW resource or capability change scenario, the FW will return\\nflags in bnxt_hwrm_if_change() that will cause the driver to\\nreinitialize and call bnxt_cancel_reservations().  This will lead to\\nbnxt_init_dflt_ring_mode() calling bnxt_set_dflt_rings() and bp-\u003enum_tc\\nmay be greater than 1.  This will cause bp-\u003etx_ring[] to be sized too\\nsmall and cause memory corruption in bnxt_alloc_cp_rings().\\n\\nFix it by properly scaling the TX rings by bp-\u003enum_tc in the code\\npaths mentioned above.  Add 2 helper functions to determine\\nbp-\u003etx_nr_rings and bp-\u003etx_nr_rings_per_tc.\"}], \"cpeApplicability\": [{\"nodes\": [{\"negate\": false, \"cpeMatch\": [{\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"6.12.45\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"5.4\"}, {\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"6.16.5\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"5.4\"}, {\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"6.17\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"5.4\"}], \"operator\": \"OR\"}]}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\", \"shortName\": \"Linux\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-08-05T12:05:21.587Z\"}}}",
      "cveMetadata": "{\"cveId\": \"CVE-2025-39810\", \"state\": \"PUBLISHED\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-08-05T12:05:21.587Z\", \"dateReserved\": \"2025-04-16T07:20:57.137Z\", \"assignerOrgId\": \"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\", \"datePublished\": \"2025-09-16T13:00:12.677Z\", \"assignerShortName\": \"Linux\"}",
      "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
      "dataVersion": "5.2"
    }
  }
}



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Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

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Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.


Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.


Related by attack behaviour

Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.