Vulnerability-Lookup

Vulnerability from bitnami_vulndb

Published

2025-10-28 11:51

Modified

2025-10-28 12:07

Summary

Vault Vulnerable to Denial of Service Due to Rate Limit Regression

Details

Vault and Vault Enterprise (“Vault”) are vulnerable to an unauthenticated denial of service when processing JSON payloads. This occurs due to a regression from a previous fix for [+HCSEC-2025-24+|https://discuss.hashicorp.com/t/hcsec-2025-24-vault-denial-of-service-though-complex-json-payloads/76393] which allowed for processing JSON payloads before applying rate limits. This vulnerability, CVE-2025-12044, is fixed in Vault Community Edition 1.21.0 and Vault Enterprise 1.16.27, 1.19.11, 1.20.5, and 1.21.0.

JSON

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{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Bitnami",
        "name": "vault",
        "purl": "pkg:bitnami/vault"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0.6.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.16.27"
            },
            {
              "introduced": "1.17.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.19.11"
            },
            {
              "introduced": "1.20.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.21.0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "SEMVER"
        }
      ],
      "severity": [
        {
          "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
          "type": "CVSS_V3"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-12044"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cpes": [
      "cpe:2.3:a:hashicorp:vault:*:*:*:*:enterprise:go:*:*",
      "cpe:2.3:a:hashicorp:vault:*:*:*:*:community:go:*:*"
    ],
    "severity": "High"
  },
  "details": "Vault and Vault Enterprise (\u201cVault\u201d) are vulnerable to an unauthenticated denial of service when processing JSON payloads. This occurs due to a regression from a previous fix for [+HCSEC-2025-24+|https://discuss.hashicorp.com/t/hcsec-2025-24-vault-denial-of-service-though-complex-json-payloads/76393]\u00a0 which allowed for processing JSON payloads before applying rate limits. This vulnerability, CVE-2025-12044, is fixed in Vault Community Edition 1.21.0 and Vault Enterprise 1.16.27, 1.19.11, 1.20.5, and 1.21.0.",
  "id": "BIT-vault-2025-12044",
  "modified": "2025-10-28T12:07:16.062Z",
  "published": "2025-10-28T11:51:06.109Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://discuss.hashicorp.com/t/hcsec-2025-31-vault-vulnerable-to-denial-of-service-due-to-rate-limit-regression/76710"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-12044"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.6.2",
  "summary": "Vault Vulnerable to Denial of Service Due to Rate Limit Regression"
}

CVE-2025-12044 (GCVE-0-2025-12044)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-10-23 19:15 – Updated: 2025-10-23 20:00

Title

Vault Vulnerable to Denial of Service Due to Rate Limit Regression

Summary

Severity ?

7.5 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

CWE

CWE-770 - Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling

Assigner

HashiCorp

References

URL

Tags

https://discuss.hashicorp.com/t/hcsec-2025-31-vau…

Impacted products

Vendor

Product

Version

HashiCorp

Vault

Affected: 1.20.3 , < 1.21.0 (semver)

HashiCorp

Vault Enterprise

Affected: 1.20.3 , < 1.21.0 (semver)
Affected: 1.19.9 , < 1.19.11 (semver)
Affected: 1.18.14 , < 1.18.15 (semver)
Affected: 1.16.25 , < 1.16.27 (semver)

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2025-12044",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "yes"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2025-10-23T19:57:38.994628Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2025-10-23T20:00:16.601Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "platforms": [
            "64 bit",
            "32 bit",
            "x86",
            "ARM",
            "MacOS",
            "Windows",
            "Linux"
          ],
          "product": "Vault",
          "repo": "https://github.com/hashicorp/vault",
          "vendor": "HashiCorp",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "1.21.0",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "1.20.3",
              "versionType": "semver"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "platforms": [
            "64 bit",
            "32 bit",
            "x86",
            "ARM",
            "MacOS",
            "Windows",
            "Linux"
          ],
          "product": "Vault Enterprise",
          "repo": "https://github.com/hashicorp/vault",
          "vendor": "HashiCorp",
          "versions": [
            {
              "changes": [
                {
                  "at": "1.20.5",
                  "status": "unaffected"
                }
              ],
              "lessThan": "1.21.0",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "1.20.3",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "changes": [
                {
                  "at": "1.19.11",
                  "status": "unaffected"
                }
              ],
              "lessThan": "1.19.11",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "1.19.9",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "changes": [
                {
                  "at": "1.18.15",
                  "status": "affected"
                }
              ],
              "lessThan": "1.18.15",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "1.18.14",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "changes": [
                {
                  "at": "1.16.27",
                  "status": "unaffected"
                }
              ],
              "lessThan": "1.16.27",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "1.16.25",
              "versionType": "semver"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "supportingMedia": [
            {
              "base64": false,
              "type": "text/html",
              "value": "\u003cp\u003eVault and Vault Enterprise (\u201cVault\u201d) are vulnerable to an unauthenticated denial of service when processing JSON payloads. This occurs due to a regression from a previous fix for [+HCSEC-2025-24+|https://discuss.hashicorp.com/t/hcsec-2025-24-vault-denial-of-service-though-complex-json-payloads/76393]\u00a0 which allowed for processing JSON payloads before applying rate limits. This vulnerability, CVE-2025-12044, is fixed in Vault Community Edition 1.21.0 and Vault Enterprise 1.16.27, 1.19.11, 1.20.5, and 1.21.0.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cbr/\u003e"
            }
          ],
          "value": "Vault and Vault Enterprise (\u201cVault\u201d) are vulnerable to an unauthenticated denial of service when processing JSON payloads. This occurs due to a regression from a previous fix for [+HCSEC-2025-24+|https://discuss.hashicorp.com/t/hcsec-2025-24-vault-denial-of-service-though-complex-json-payloads/76393]\u00a0 which allowed for processing JSON payloads before applying rate limits. This vulnerability, CVE-2025-12044, is fixed in Vault Community Edition 1.21.0 and Vault Enterprise 1.16.27, 1.19.11, 1.20.5, and 1.21.0."
        }
      ],
      "impacts": [
        {
          "capecId": "CAPEC-130",
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "CAPEC-130: Excessive Allocation"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "baseScore": 7.5,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "format": "CVSS",
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "GENERAL"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-770",
              "description": "CWE-770: Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2025-10-23T19:15:16.567Z",
        "orgId": "67fedba0-ff2e-4543-ba5b-aa93e87718cc",
        "shortName": "HashiCorp"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://discuss.hashicorp.com/t/hcsec-2025-31-vault-vulnerable-to-denial-of-service-due-to-rate-limit-regression/76710"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "advisory": "HCSEC-2025-31",
        "discovery": "EXTERNAL"
      },
      "title": "Vault Vulnerable to Denial of Service Due to Rate Limit Regression"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "67fedba0-ff2e-4543-ba5b-aa93e87718cc",
    "assignerShortName": "HashiCorp",
    "cveId": "CVE-2025-12044",
    "datePublished": "2025-10-23T19:15:16.567Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-10-21T19:12:21.827Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2025-10-23T20:00:16.601Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.1"
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.

Action not permitted

Vulnerability from bitnami_vulndb

CVE-2025-12044 (GCVE-0-2025-12044)

Tags

Sightings

Nomenclature