Vulnerability-Lookup

Vulnerability from bitnami_vulndb

Published

2025-10-28 11:51

Modified

2026-09-08 08:34

Summary

Vault Vulnerable to Denial of Service Due to Rate Limit Regression

Details

Vault and Vault Enterprise (“Vault”) are vulnerable to an unauthenticated denial of service when processing JSON payloads. This occurs due to a regression from a previous fix for [+HCSEC-2025-24+|https://discuss.hashicorp.com/t/hcsec-2025-24-vault-denial-of-service-though-complex-json-payloads/76393] which allowed for processing JSON payloads before applying rate limits. This vulnerability, CVE-2025-12044, is fixed in Vault Community Edition 1.21.0 and Vault Enterprise 1.16.27, 1.19.11, 1.20.5, and 1.21.0.

JSON

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{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Bitnami",
        "name": "vault",
        "purl": "pkg:bitnami/vault"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0.6.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.16.27"
            },
            {
              "introduced": "1.17.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.19.11"
            },
            {
              "introduced": "1.20.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.21.0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "SEMVER"
        }
      ],
      "severity": [
        {
          "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
          "type": "CVSS_V3"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-12044"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cpes": [
      "cpe:2.3:a:hashicorp:vault:*:*:*:*:enterprise:go:*:*",
      "cpe:2.3:a:hashicorp:vault:*:*:*:*:community:go:*:*"
    ],
    "severity": "High"
  },
  "details": "Vault and Vault Enterprise (\u201cVault\u201d) are vulnerable to an unauthenticated denial of service when processing JSON payloads. This occurs due to a regression from a previous fix for [+HCSEC-2025-24+|https://discuss.hashicorp.com/t/hcsec-2025-24-vault-denial-of-service-though-complex-json-payloads/76393]\u00a0 which allowed for processing JSON payloads before applying rate limits. This vulnerability, CVE-2025-12044, is fixed in Vault Community Edition 1.21.0 and Vault Enterprise 1.16.27, 1.19.11, 1.20.5, and 1.21.0.",
  "id": "BIT-vault-2025-12044",
  "modified": "2026-09-08T08:34:36.952Z",
  "published": "2025-10-28T11:51:06.109Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://discuss.hashicorp.com/t/hcsec-2025-31-vault-vulnerable-to-denial-of-service-due-to-rate-limit-regression/76710"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-12044"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.6.2",
  "summary": "Vault Vulnerable to Denial of Service Due to Rate Limit Regression"
}

CVE-2025-12044 (GCVE-0-2025-12044)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-10-23 19:15 – Updated: 2025-10-23 20:00

Title

Vault Vulnerable to Denial of Service Due to Rate Limit Regression

Summary

Severity

7.5 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2025-10-23 19:57 UTC

CWE

CWE-770 - Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling

Assigner

HashiCorp mitre root

References

1 reference

URL	Tags
https://discuss.hashicorp.com/t/hcsec-2025-31-vau…

Impacted products

2 products

Vendor	Product	Version
HashiCorp	Vault	Affected: 1.20.3 , < 1.21.0 (semver)
HashiCorp	Vault Enterprise	Affected: 1.20.3 , < 1.21.0 (semver) Affected: 1.19.9 , < 1.19.11 (semver) Affected: 1.18.14 , < 1.18.15 (semver) Affected: 1.16.25 , < 1.16.27 (semver)

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2025-12044",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "yes"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2025-10-23T19:57:38.994628Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2025-10-23T20:00:16.601Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "platforms": [
            "64 bit",
            "32 bit",
            "x86",
            "ARM",
            "MacOS",
            "Windows",
            "Linux"
          ],
          "product": "Vault",
          "repo": "https://github.com/hashicorp/vault",
          "vendor": "HashiCorp",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "1.21.0",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "1.20.3",
              "versionType": "semver"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "platforms": [
            "64 bit",
            "32 bit",
            "x86",
            "ARM",
            "MacOS",
            "Windows",
            "Linux"
          ],
          "product": "Vault Enterprise",
          "repo": "https://github.com/hashicorp/vault",
          "vendor": "HashiCorp",
          "versions": [
            {
              "changes": [
                {
                  "at": "1.20.5",
                  "status": "unaffected"
                }
              ],
              "lessThan": "1.21.0",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "1.20.3",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "changes": [
                {
                  "at": "1.19.11",
                  "status": "unaffected"
                }
              ],
              "lessThan": "1.19.11",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "1.19.9",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "changes": [
                {
                  "at": "1.18.15",
                  "status": "affected"
                }
              ],
              "lessThan": "1.18.15",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "1.18.14",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "changes": [
                {
                  "at": "1.16.27",
                  "status": "unaffected"
                }
              ],
              "lessThan": "1.16.27",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "1.16.25",
              "versionType": "semver"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "supportingMedia": [
            {
              "base64": false,
              "type": "text/html",
              "value": "\u003cp\u003eVault and Vault Enterprise (\u201cVault\u201d) are vulnerable to an unauthenticated denial of service when processing JSON payloads. This occurs due to a regression from a previous fix for [+HCSEC-2025-24+|https://discuss.hashicorp.com/t/hcsec-2025-24-vault-denial-of-service-though-complex-json-payloads/76393]\u00a0 which allowed for processing JSON payloads before applying rate limits. This vulnerability, CVE-2025-12044, is fixed in Vault Community Edition 1.21.0 and Vault Enterprise 1.16.27, 1.19.11, 1.20.5, and 1.21.0.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cbr/\u003e"
            }
          ],
          "value": "Vault and Vault Enterprise (\u201cVault\u201d) are vulnerable to an unauthenticated denial of service when processing JSON payloads. This occurs due to a regression from a previous fix for [+HCSEC-2025-24+|https://discuss.hashicorp.com/t/hcsec-2025-24-vault-denial-of-service-though-complex-json-payloads/76393]\u00a0 which allowed for processing JSON payloads before applying rate limits. This vulnerability, CVE-2025-12044, is fixed in Vault Community Edition 1.21.0 and Vault Enterprise 1.16.27, 1.19.11, 1.20.5, and 1.21.0."
        }
      ],
      "impacts": [
        {
          "capecId": "CAPEC-130",
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "CAPEC-130: Excessive Allocation"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "baseScore": 7.5,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "format": "CVSS",
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "GENERAL"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-770",
              "description": "CWE-770: Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2025-10-23T19:15:16.567Z",
        "orgId": "67fedba0-ff2e-4543-ba5b-aa93e87718cc",
        "shortName": "HashiCorp"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://discuss.hashicorp.com/t/hcsec-2025-31-vault-vulnerable-to-denial-of-service-due-to-rate-limit-regression/76710"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "advisory": "HCSEC-2025-31",
        "discovery": "EXTERNAL"
      },
      "title": "Vault Vulnerable to Denial of Service Due to Rate Limit Regression"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "67fedba0-ff2e-4543-ba5b-aa93e87718cc",
    "assignerShortName": "HashiCorp",
    "cveId": "CVE-2025-12044",
    "datePublished": "2025-10-23T19:15:16.567Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-10-21T19:12:21.827Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2025-10-23T20:00:16.601Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.1"
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

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Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

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Vulnerability from bitnami_vulndb

CVE-2025-12044 (GCVE-0-2025-12044)

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