cvelistv5 - CVE-2025-48042

CVE-2025-48042 (GCVE-0-2025-48042)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5

Published

2025-09-07 16:01

Modified

2025-09-09 03:24

Severity ?

7.1 (High) - CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

CWE

CWE-863 - Incorrect Authorization

Summary

Incorrect Authorization vulnerability in ash-project ash allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels. This vulnerability is associated with program files lib/ash/actions/create/bulk.ex, lib/ash/actions/destroy/bulk.ex, lib/ash/actions/update/bulk.ex and program routines 'Elixir.Ash.Actions.Create.Bulk':run/5, 'Elixir.Ash.Actions.Destroy.Bulk':run/6, 'Elixir.Ash.Actions.Update.Bulk:run'/6. This issue affects ash: from pkg:hex/ash before pkg:hex/ash@3.5.39, before 3.5.39, before 5d1b6a5d00771fd468a509778637527b5218be9a.

References

▼	URL	Tags
	6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db	https://github.com/ash-project/ash/commit/5d1b6a5d00771fd468a509778637527b5218be9a
	6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db	https://github.com/ash-project/ash/security/advisories/GHSA-jj4j-x5ww-cwh9

Impacted products

	Vendor	Product	Version
	ash-project	ash	Version: pkg:hex/ash@0 Version: 0 ≤ Version: 0 cpe:2.3:a:ash-project:ash::::::::

Show details on NVD website

JSON

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ghsa-jj4j-x5ww-cwh9

Vulnerability from github

Published

2025-09-15 16:28

Modified

2025-09-15 16:28

Severity ?

5.6 (Medium) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L
7.1 (High) - CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Summary

Before action, Ash's hooks may execute in certain scenarios despite a request being forbidden

Details

Summary

Certain bulk action calls with a before_transaction hook and no after_transaction hook, will call the before_transaction hook before authorization is checked and a Forbidden error is returned, when called as a bulk action.

The impact is that a malicious user could cause a before_transaction to run even though they are not authorized to perform the whole action. The before_action could run a sensitive/expensive operation.

Impact

A malicious user could cause a before_action to run even though they are not authorized to perform the whole action.

You are affected if you have an create, update or destroy action that:

has a before_transaction hook on it, and no after_transaction hook on it.
is being used via an Ash.bulk_* callback (which AshJsonApi and AshGraphql do for update/destroy actions)

Whether or not or how much it matters depends on the nature of those before_transaction callbacks. If those before_transaction callbacks are side-effectful, or just doing something like looking up some external data. If your API endpoints are behind authentication and what kind.

Severity

The severity for this was hard to gauge. before_transaction hooks are not that commonly used. Additionally, any attacker must know which of these things are available to them, be authenticated to make such a request (i.e you very rarely have policies preventing the running of anonymous queries), so privileges and inside knowledge are required. Additionally, the action will always return a forbidden error, so no information is revealed. We will evaluate and adjust the severity in the next few days as needed.

It is currently marked as High, given that we really don't know what logic folks are putting in their before_transaction hooks and it could theoretically be very bad.

Workarounds

You should update ASAP, but if for whatever reason you cannot update, you can add logic to those before_transaction hooks to prevent them from doing their logic before they should.

Show details on source website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 3.5.38"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Hex",
        "name": "ash"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "3.5.39"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-48042"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-863"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2025-09-15T16:28:24Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-09-07T16:15:51Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "### Summary\nCertain bulk action calls with a `before_transaction` hook and no `after_transaction` hook, will call the `before_transaction` hook before authorization is checked and a Forbidden error is returned, when called as a bulk action.\n\nThe impact is that a malicious user could cause a `before_transaction` to run even though they are not authorized to perform the whole action. The `before_action` could run a sensitive/expensive operation.\n\n### Impact\nA malicious user could cause a `before_action` to run even though they are not authorized to perform the whole action.\n\nYou are affected if you have an create, update or destroy action that:\n\n- has a before_transaction hook on it, and no after_transaction hook on it.\n- is being used via an `Ash.bulk_*` callback (which AshJsonApi and AshGraphql do for update/destroy actions)\n\nWhether or not or how much it matters depends on the nature of those before_transaction callbacks. If those before_transaction callbacks are side-effectful, or just doing something like looking up some external data. If your API endpoints are behind authentication and what kind. \n\n### Severity\n\nThe severity for this was hard to gauge. `before_transaction` hooks are not that commonly used. Additionally, any attacker must know which of these things are available to them, be authenticated to make such a request (i.e you very rarely have policies preventing the running of anonymous queries), so privileges and inside knowledge are required. Additionally, the action will always return a `forbidden` error, so no information is revealed. We will evaluate and adjust the severity in the next few days as needed.\n\nIt is currently marked as High, given that we really don\u0027t know what logic folks are putting in their before_transaction hooks and it could theoretically be very bad.\n\n### Workarounds\n\nYou should update ASAP, but if for whatever reason you cannot update, you can add logic to those before_transaction hooks to prevent them from doing their logic before they should.",
  "id": "GHSA-jj4j-x5ww-cwh9",
  "modified": "2025-09-15T16:28:24Z",
  "published": "2025-09-15T16:28:24Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/ash-project/ash/security/advisories/GHSA-jj4j-x5ww-cwh9"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-48042"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/ash-project/ash/commit/5d1b6a5d00771fd468a509778637527b5218be9a"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/ash-project/ash"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Before action, Ash\u0027s hooks may execute in certain scenarios despite a request being forbidden"
}

fkie_cve-2025-48042

Vulnerability from fkie_nvd

Published

2025-09-07 16:15

Modified

2025-09-08 16:25

Severity ?

7.1 (High) - CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Summary

References

▼	URL	Tags
	6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db	https://github.com/ash-project/ash/commit/5d1b6a5d00771fd468a509778637527b5218be9a
	6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db	https://github.com/ash-project/ash/security/advisories/GHSA-jj4j-x5ww-cwh9

Impacted products

	Vendor	Product	Version

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "cveTags": [],
  "descriptions": [
    {
      "lang": "en",
      "value": "Incorrect Authorization vulnerability in ash-project ash allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels. This vulnerability is associated with program files lib/ash/actions/create/bulk.ex, lib/ash/actions/destroy/bulk.ex, lib/ash/actions/update/bulk.ex and program routines \u0027Elixir.Ash.Actions.Create.Bulk\u0027:run/5, \u0027Elixir.Ash.Actions.Destroy.Bulk\u0027:run/6, \u0027Elixir.Ash.Actions.Update.Bulk:run\u0027/6.\n\nThis issue affects ash: from pkg:hex/ash before pkg:hex/ash@3.5.39, before 3.5.39, before 5d1b6a5d00771fd468a509778637527b5218be9a."
    }
  ],
  "id": "CVE-2025-48042",
  "lastModified": "2025-09-08T16:25:38.810",
  "metrics": {
    "cvssMetricV40": [
      {
        "cvssData": {
          "Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "attackComplexity": "LOW",
          "attackRequirements": "NONE",
          "attackVector": "NETWORK",
          "availabilityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "baseScore": 7.1,
          "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
          "confidentialityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "exploitMaturity": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "integrityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedAttackComplexity": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedAttackRequirements": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedAttackVector": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedPrivilegesRequired": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedSubAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedSubConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedSubIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedUserInteraction": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedVulnAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedVulnConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedVulnIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
          "providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
          "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
          "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
          "userInteraction": "NONE",
          "valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
          "version": "4.0",
          "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "LOW",
          "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
          "vulnIntegrityImpact": "HIGH",
          "vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
        },
        "source": "6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db",
        "type": "Secondary"
      }
    ]
  },
  "published": "2025-09-07T16:15:51.240",
  "references": [
    {
      "source": "6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db",
      "url": "https://github.com/ash-project/ash/commit/5d1b6a5d00771fd468a509778637527b5218be9a"
    },
    {
      "source": "6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db",
      "url": "https://github.com/ash-project/ash/security/advisories/GHSA-jj4j-x5ww-cwh9"
    }
  ],
  "sourceIdentifier": "6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db",
  "vulnStatus": "Awaiting Analysis",
  "weaknesses": [
    {
      "description": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "CWE-863"
        }
      ],
      "source": "6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db",
      "type": "Secondary"
    }
  ]
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or seen somewhere by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability is confirmed from an analyst perspective.
Exploited: This vulnerability was exploited and seen by the user reporting the sighting.
Patched: This vulnerability was successfully patched by the user reporting the sighting.
Not exploited: This vulnerability was not exploited or seen by the user reporting the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expresses doubt about the veracity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: This vulnerability was not successfully patched by the user reporting the sighting.

Action not permitted

CVE-2025-48042 (GCVE-0-2025-48042)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5

ghsa-jj4j-x5ww-cwh9

Vulnerability from github

Summary

Impact

Severity

Workarounds

fkie_cve-2025-48042

Vulnerability from fkie_nvd

Tags

Sightings

Nomenclature