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CWE-94
Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
The product constructs all or part of a code segment using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the syntax or behavior of the intended code segment.
CVE-2025-27407 (GCVE-0-2025-27407)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-03-12 18:15 – Updated: 2025-11-03 19:45
VLAI
Title
Remote code execution when loading a crafted GraphQL schema
Summary
graphql-ruby is a Ruby implementation of GraphQL. Starting in version 1.11.5 and prior to versions 1.11.8, 1.12.25, 1.13.24, 2.0.32, 2.1.14, 2.2.17, and 2.3.21, loading a malicious schema definition in `GraphQL::Schema.from_introspection` (or `GraphQL::Schema::Loader.load`) can result in remote code execution. Any system which loads a schema by JSON from an untrusted source is vulnerable, including those that use GraphQL::Client to load external schemas via GraphQL introspection. Versions 1.11.8, 1.12.25, 1.13.24, 2.0.32, 2.1.14, 2.2.17, and 2.3.21 contain a patch for the issue.
Severity
9.1 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Assigner
References
11 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/rmosolgo/graphql-ruby/security… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/rmosolgo/graphql-ruby/commit/2… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/rmosolgo/graphql-ruby/commit/2… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/rmosolgo/graphql-ruby/commit/5… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/rmosolgo/graphql-ruby/commit/6… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/rmosolgo/graphql-ruby/commit/d… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/rmosolgo/graphql-ruby/commit/d… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/rmosolgo/graphql-ruby/commit/e… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://about.gitlab.com/releases/2025/03/12/patc… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/github-community-projects/grap… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025… |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| rmosolgo | graphql-ruby |
Affected:
>= 1.11.5, < 1.11.8
Affected: >= 1.12.0, < 1.12.25 Affected: >= 1.13.0, < 1.13.24 Affected: >= 2.0.0, < 2.0.32 Affected: >= 2.1.0, < 2.1.14 Affected: >= 2.2.0, < 2.2.17 Affected: >= 2.3.0, < 2.3.21 |
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CVE-2025-27429 (GCVE-0-2025-27429)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-04-08 07:13 – Updated: 2026-02-26 18:28
VLAI
Title
Code Injection Vulnerability in SAP S/4HANA (Private Cloud or On-Premise)
Summary
SAP S/4HANA allows an attacker with user privileges to exploit a vulnerability in the function module exposed via RFC. This flaw enables the injection of arbitrary ABAP code into the system, bypassing essential authorization checks. This vulnerability effectively functions as a backdoor, creating the risk of full system compromise, undermining the confidentiality, integrity and availability of the system.
Severity
9.9 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Assigner
References
2 references
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| SAP_SE | SAP S/4HANA (Private Cloud) |
Affected:
S4CORE 102
Affected: 103 Affected: 104 Affected: 105 Affected: 106 Affected: 107 Affected: 108 |
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CVE-2025-27554 (GCVE-0-2025-27554)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-03-01 00:00 – Updated: 2025-03-04 19:32 Exclusively Hosted Service
VLAI
Summary
ToDesktop before 2024-10-03, as used by Cursor before 2024-10-03 and other applications, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands on the build server (e.g., read secrets from the desktopify config.prod.json file), and consequently deploy updates to any app, via a postinstall script in package.json. No exploitation occurred.
Severity
9.9 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
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CVE-2025-2801 (GCVE-0-2025-2801)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-04-26 03:24 – Updated: 2026-04-08 17:29
VLAI
Title
Create custom forms for WordPress with a smart form plugin for smart businesses <= 1.2.4 - Unauthenticated Arbitrary Shortcode Execution
Summary
The The Create custom forms for WordPress with a smart form plugin for smart businesses plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to arbitrary shortcode execution in all versions up to, and including, 1.2.4. This is due to the software allowing users to execute an action that does not properly validate a value before running do_shortcode. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to execute arbitrary shortcodes.
Severity
7.3 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| dorinabc | Create custom forms for WordPress with a smart form plugin for smart businesses – Form builder for WordPress |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 1.2.4
(semver)
|
Credits
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CVE-2025-2802 (GCVE-0-2025-2802)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-05-06 04:24 – Updated: 2026-04-08 17:34
VLAI
Title
LayoutBoxx <= 0.3.1 - Unauthenticated Arbitrary Shortcode Execution
Summary
The LayoutBoxx plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to arbitrary shortcode execution in all versions up to, and including, 0.3.1. This is due to the software allowing users to execute an action that does not properly validate a value before running do_shortcode. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to execute arbitrary shortcodes.
Severity
7.3 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| layoutboxx | LayoutBoxx |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 0.3.1
(semver)
|
Credits
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CVE-2025-2803 (GCVE-0-2025-2803)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-03-29 07:03 – Updated: 2026-04-08 17:04
VLAI
Title
So-Called Air Quotes <= 0.1 - Unauthenticated Arbitrary Shortcode Execution
Summary
The So-Called Air Quotes plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to arbitrary shortcode execution in all versions up to, and including, 0.1. This is due to the software allowing users to execute an action that does not properly validate a value before running do_shortcode. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to execute arbitrary shortcodes.
Severity
7.3 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| davemacd | So-Called Air Quotes |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 0.1
(semver)
|
Credits
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CVE-2025-2805 (GCVE-0-2025-2805)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-04-10 07:02 – Updated: 2026-04-08 17:25
VLAI
Title
ORDER POST <= 2.0.2 - Unauthenticated Arbitrary Shortcode Execution
Summary
The ORDER POST plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to arbitrary shortcode execution in all versions up to, and including, 2.0.2. This is due to the software allowing users to execute an action that does not properly validate a value before running do_shortcode. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to execute arbitrary shortcodes.
Severity
7.3 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| vikashsrivastava1111989 | ORDER POST |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 2.0.2
(semver)
|
Credits
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CVE-2025-2809 (GCVE-0-2025-2809)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-04-10 07:02 – Updated: 2026-04-08 16:41
VLAI
Title
azurecurve Shortcodes in Comments <= 2.0.2 - Unauthenticated Arbitrary Shortcode Execution
Summary
The azurecurve Shortcodes in Comments plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to arbitrary shortcode execution in all versions up to, and including, 2.0.2. This is due to the software allowing users to execute an action that does not properly validate a value before running do_shortcode. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to execute arbitrary shortcodes.
Severity
7.3 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| azurecurve | azurecurve Shortcodes in Comments |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 2.0.2
(semver)
|
Credits
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CVE-2025-2867 (GCVE-0-2025-2867)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-03-27 14:02 – Updated: 2025-03-27 14:18
VLAI
Title
Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection') in GitLab
Summary
An issue has been discovered in the GitLab Duo with Amazon Q affecting all versions from 17.8 before 17.8.6, 17.9 before 17.9.3, and 17.10 before 17.10.1. A specifically crafted issue could manipulate AI-assisted development features to potentially expose sensitive project data to unauthorized users.
Severity
4.4 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/512509 | issue-trackingpermissions-required |
Impacted products
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"cveId": "CVE-2025-2867",
"datePublished": "2025-03-27T14:02:18.359Z",
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CVE-2025-2878 (GCVE-0-2025-2878)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-03-27 23:00 – Updated: 2025-03-28 14:45
VLAI
Title
Kentico CMS Additional Database Installation Wizard install.aspx cross site scripting
Summary
A vulnerability was found in Kentico CMS up to 13.0.178. It has been declared as problematic. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the file /CMSInstall/install.aspx of the component Additional Database Installation Wizard. The manipulation of the argument new database leads to cross site scripting. The attack can be launched remotely. Upgrading to version 13.0.179 is able to address this issue. It is recommended to upgrade the affected component.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/?id.301813 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.301813 | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/?submit.503058 | third-party-advisory |
| https://devnet.kentico.com/download/hotfixes | patch |
Credits
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"value": "In Kentico CMS bis 13.0.178 wurde eine problematische Schwachstelle ausgemacht. Dabei geht es um eine nicht genauer bekannte Funktion der Datei /CMSInstall/install.aspx der Komponente Additional Database Installation Wizard. Mittels Manipulieren des Arguments new database mit unbekannten Daten kann eine cross site scripting-Schwachstelle ausgenutzt werden. Die Umsetzung des Angriffs kann dabei \u00fcber das Netzwerk erfolgen. Ein Aktualisieren auf die Version 13.0.179 vermag dieses Problem zu l\u00f6sen. Als bestm\u00f6gliche Massnahme wird das Einspielen eines Upgrades empfohlen."
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Mitigation
Phase: Architecture and Design
Strategy: Refactoring
Description:
- Refactor your program so that you do not have to dynamically generate code.
Mitigation
Phase: Architecture and Design
Description:
- Run your code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which code can be executed by your product.
- Examples include the Unix chroot jail and AppArmor. In general, managed code may provide some protection.
- This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of your application may still be subject to compromise.
- Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.
Mitigation ID: MIT-5
Phase: Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
Description:
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- To reduce the likelihood of code injection, use stringent allowlists that limit which constructs are allowed. If you are dynamically constructing code that invokes a function, then verifying that the input is alphanumeric might be insufficient. An attacker might still be able to reference a dangerous function that you did not intend to allow, such as system(), exec(), or exit().
Mitigation
Phase: Testing
Description:
- Use dynamic tools and techniques that interact with the product using large test suites with many diverse inputs, such as fuzz testing (fuzzing), robustness testing, and fault injection. The product's operation may slow down, but it should not become unstable, crash, or generate incorrect results.
Mitigation ID: MIT-32
Phase: Operation
Strategy: Compilation or Build Hardening
Description:
- Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).
Mitigation ID: MIT-32
Phase: Operation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
Description:
- Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).
Mitigation
Phase: Implementation
Description:
- For Python programs, it is frequently encouraged to use the ast.literal_eval() function instead of eval, since it is intentionally designed to avoid executing code. However, an adversary could still cause excessive memory or stack consumption via deeply nested structures [REF-1372], so the python documentation discourages use of ast.literal_eval() on untrusted data [REF-1373].
CAPEC-242: Code Injection
An adversary exploits a weakness in input validation on the target to inject new code into that which is currently executing. This differs from code inclusion in that code inclusion involves the addition or replacement of a reference to a code file, which is subsequently loaded by the target and used as part of the code of some application.
CAPEC-35: Leverage Executable Code in Non-Executable Files
An attack of this type exploits a system's trust in configuration and resource files. When the executable loads the resource (such as an image file or configuration file) the attacker has modified the file to either execute malicious code directly or manipulate the target process (e.g. application server) to execute based on the malicious configuration parameters. Since systems are increasingly interrelated mashing up resources from local and remote sources the possibility of this attack occurring is high.
CAPEC-77: Manipulating User-Controlled Variables
This attack targets user controlled variables (DEBUG=1, PHP Globals, and So Forth). An adversary can override variables leveraging user-supplied, untrusted query variables directly used on the application server without any data sanitization. In extreme cases, the adversary can change variables controlling the business logic of the application. For instance, in languages like PHP, a number of poorly set default configurations may allow the user to override variables.