CWE-829
Inclusion of Functionality from Untrusted Control Sphere
The product imports, requires, or includes executable functionality (such as a library) from a source that is outside of the intended control sphere.
CVE-2023-49133 (GCVE-0-2023-49133)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5
Published
2024-04-09 14:12
Modified
2025-11-04 18:19
Severity ?
VLAI Severity ?
EPSS score ?
CWE
- CWE-829 - Inclusion of Functionality from Untrusted Control Sphere
Summary
A command execution vulnerability exists in the tddpd enable_test_mode functionality of Tp-Link AC1350 Wireless MU-MIMO Gigabit Access Point (EAP225 V3) v5.1.0 Build 20220926 and Tp-Link N300 Wireless Access Point (EAP115 V4) v5.0.4 Build 20220216. A specially crafted series of network requests can lead to arbitrary command execution. An attacker can send a sequence of unauthenticated packets to trigger this vulnerability.This vulnerability impacts `uclited` on the EAP225(V3) 5.1.0 Build 20220926 of the AC1350 Wireless MU-MIMO Gigabit Access Point.
References
Impacted products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tp-Link | AC1350 Wireless MU-MIMO Gigabit Access Point (EAP225 V3) |
Version: v5.1.0 Build 20220926 |
|||||||
|
|||||||||
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CVE-2023-49134 (GCVE-0-2023-49134)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5
Published
2024-04-09 14:12
Modified
2025-11-04 18:19
Severity ?
VLAI Severity ?
EPSS score ?
CWE
- CWE-829 - Inclusion of Functionality from Untrusted Control Sphere
Summary
A command execution vulnerability exists in the tddpd enable_test_mode functionality of Tp-Link AC1350 Wireless MU-MIMO Gigabit Access Point (EAP225 V3) v5.1.0 Build 20220926 and Tp-Link N300 Wireless Access Point (EAP115 V4) v5.0.4 Build 20220216. A specially crafted series of network requests can lead to arbitrary command execution. An attacker can send a sequence of unauthenticated packets to trigger this vulnerability.This vulnerability impacts `uclited` on the EAP115(V4) 5.0.4 Build 20220216 of the N300 Wireless Gigabit Access Point.
References
Impacted products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tp-Link | AC1350 Wireless MU-MIMO Gigabit Access Point (EAP225 V3) |
Version: v5.1.0 Build 20220926 |
|||||||
|
|||||||||
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CVE-2024-29073 (GCVE-0-2024-29073)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5
Published
2024-07-22 14:20
Modified
2025-11-04 17:19
Severity ?
VLAI Severity ?
EPSS score ?
CWE
- CWE-829 - Inclusion of Functionality from Untrusted Control Sphere
Summary
An vulnerability in the handling of Latex exists in Ankitects Anki 24.04. When Latex is sanitized to prevent unsafe commands, the verbatim package, which comes installed by default in many Latex distributions, has been overlooked. A specially crafted flashcard can lead to an arbitrary file read. An attacker can share a flashcard to trigger this vulnerability.
References
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CVE-2024-30092 (GCVE-0-2024-30092)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5
Published
2024-10-08 17:35
Modified
2025-07-08 15:38
Severity ?
VLAI Severity ?
EPSS score ?
CWE
Summary
Windows Hyper-V Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
References
| URL | Tags | |
|---|---|---|
Impacted products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 1809 |
Version: 10.0.17763.0 < 10.0.17763.6414 |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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CVE-2024-38476 (GCVE-0-2024-38476)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5
Published
2024-07-01 18:15
Modified
2025-11-03 21:55
Severity ?
VLAI Severity ?
EPSS score ?
CWE
- CWE-829 - Inclusion of Functionality from Untrusted Control Sphere
Summary
Vulnerability in core of Apache HTTP Server 2.4.59 and earlier are vulnerably to information disclosure, SSRF or local script execution via backend applications whose response headers are malicious or exploitable.
Users are recommended to upgrade to version 2.4.60, which fixes this issue.
References
Impacted products
| Vendor | Product | Version | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Apache Software Foundation | Apache HTTP Server |
Version: 2.4.0 ≤ 2.4.59 |
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CVE-2025-11023 (GCVE-0-2025-11023)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5
Published
2025-10-23 12:32
Modified
2025-10-23 13:55
Severity ?
VLAI Severity ?
EPSS score ?
CWE
Summary
Inclusion of Functionality from Untrusted Control Sphere, Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in ArkSigner Software and Hardware Inc. AcBakImzala allows PHP Local File Inclusion.This issue affects AcBakImzala: before v5.1.4.
References
Impacted products
| Vendor | Product | Version | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ArkSigner Software and Hardware Inc. | AcBakImzala |
Version: 0 < v5.1.4 |
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CVE-2025-12509 (GCVE-0-2025-12509)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5
Published
2025-10-31 15:51
Modified
2025-10-31 17:43
Severity ?
VLAI Severity ?
EPSS score ?
CWE
- CWE-829 - Inclusion of Functionality from Untrusted Control Sphere
Summary
On a client with an admin user, a Global_Shipping script can be implemented. The script could later be executed on the BRAIN2 server with administrator rights.
References
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CVE-2025-27582 (GCVE-0-2025-27582)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5
Published
2025-07-14 00:00
Modified
2025-07-14 20:11
Severity ?
VLAI Severity ?
EPSS score ?
CWE
- CWE-829 - Inclusion of Functionality from Untrusted Control Sphere
Summary
The Secure Password extension in One Identity Password Manager before 5.14.4 allows local privilege escalation. The issue arises from a flawed security hardening mechanism within the kiosk browser used to display the Password Self-Service site to end users. Specifically, the application attempts to restrict privileged actions by overriding the native window.print() function. However, this protection can be bypassed by an attacker who accesses the Password Self-Service site from the lock screen and navigates to an attacker-controlled webpage via the Help function. By hosting a crafted web page with JavaScript, the attacker can restore and invoke the window.print() function, launching a SYSTEM-privileged print dialog. From this dialog, the attacker can exploit standard Windows functionality - such as the Print to PDF or Add Printer wizard - to spawn a command prompt with SYSTEM privileges. Successful exploitation allows a local attacker (with access to a locked workstation) to gain SYSTEM-level privileges, granting full control over the affected device.
References
Impacted products
| Vendor | Product | Version | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| One Identity | Password Manager |
Version: 0 < 5.14.4 |
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CVE-2025-3155 (GCVE-0-2025-3155)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5
Published
2025-04-03 13:34
Modified
2025-09-25 17:52
Severity ?
VLAI Severity ?
EPSS score ?
CWE
- CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Summary
A flaw was found in Yelp. The Gnome user help application allows the help document to execute arbitrary scripts. This vulnerability allows malicious users to input help documents, which may exfiltrate user files to an external environment.
References
| URL | Tags | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Impacted products
| Vendor | Product | Version | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Version: 0 < 42.2-8 |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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CVE-2025-32463 (GCVE-0-2025-32463)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5
Published
2025-06-30 00:00
Modified
2025-10-21 22:45
Severity ?
VLAI Severity ?
EPSS score ?
CWE
- CWE-829 - Inclusion of Functionality from Untrusted Control Sphere
Summary
Sudo before 1.9.17p1 allows local users to obtain root access because /etc/nsswitch.conf from a user-controlled directory is used with the --chroot option.
References
Impacted products
| Vendor | Product | Version | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sudo project | Sudo |
Version: 1.9.14 < 1.9.17p1 |
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Mitigation ID: MIT-4
Phase: Architecture and Design
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
Description:
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid [REF-1482].
Mitigation ID: MIT-21.1
Phase: Architecture and Design
Strategy: Enforcement by Conversion
Description:
- When the set of acceptable objects, such as filenames or URLs, is limited or known, create a mapping from a set of fixed input values (such as numeric IDs) to the actual filenames or URLs, and reject all other inputs.
- For example, ID 1 could map to "inbox.txt" and ID 2 could map to "profile.txt". Features such as the ESAPI AccessReferenceMap [REF-45] provide this capability.
Mitigation ID: MIT-15
Phase: Architecture and Design
Description:
- For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.
Mitigation ID: MIT-22
Phases: Architecture and Design, Operation
Strategy: Sandbox or Jail
Description:
- Run the code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which files can be accessed in a particular directory or which commands can be executed by the software.
- OS-level examples include the Unix chroot jail, AppArmor, and SELinux. In general, managed code may provide some protection. For example, java.io.FilePermission in the Java SecurityManager allows the software to specify restrictions on file operations.
- This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of the application may still be subject to compromise.
- Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.
Mitigation ID: MIT-17
Phases: Architecture and Design, Operation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
Description:
- Run your code using the lowest privileges that are required to accomplish the necessary tasks [REF-76]. If possible, create isolated accounts with limited privileges that are only used for a single task. That way, a successful attack will not immediately give the attacker access to the rest of the software or its environment. For example, database applications rarely need to run as the database administrator, especially in day-to-day operations.
Mitigation ID: MIT-5.1
Phase: Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
Description:
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- When validating filenames, use stringent allowlists that limit the character set to be used. If feasible, only allow a single "." character in the filename to avoid weaknesses such as CWE-23, and exclude directory separators such as "/" to avoid CWE-36. Use a list of allowable file extensions, which will help to avoid CWE-434.
- Do not rely exclusively on a filtering mechanism that removes potentially dangerous characters. This is equivalent to a denylist, which may be incomplete (CWE-184). For example, filtering "/" is insufficient protection if the filesystem also supports the use of "\" as a directory separator. Another possible error could occur when the filtering is applied in a way that still produces dangerous data (CWE-182). For example, if "../" sequences are removed from the ".../...//" string in a sequential fashion, two instances of "../" would be removed from the original string, but the remaining characters would still form the "../" string.
Mitigation ID: MIT-34
Phases: Architecture and Design, Operation
Strategy: Attack Surface Reduction
Description:
- Store library, include, and utility files outside of the web document root, if possible. Otherwise, store them in a separate directory and use the web server's access control capabilities to prevent attackers from directly requesting them. One common practice is to define a fixed constant in each calling program, then check for the existence of the constant in the library/include file; if the constant does not exist, then the file was directly requested, and it can exit immediately.
- This significantly reduces the chance of an attacker being able to bypass any protection mechanisms that are in the base program but not in the include files. It will also reduce the attack surface.
Mitigation ID: MIT-6
Phases: Architecture and Design, Implementation
Strategy: Attack Surface Reduction
Description:
- Understand all the potential areas where untrusted inputs can enter your software: parameters or arguments, cookies, anything read from the network, environment variables, reverse DNS lookups, query results, request headers, URL components, e-mail, files, filenames, databases, and any external systems that provide data to the application. Remember that such inputs may be obtained indirectly through API calls.
- Many file inclusion problems occur because the programmer assumed that certain inputs could not be modified, especially for cookies and URL components.
Mitigation ID: MIT-29
Phase: Operation
Strategy: Firewall
Description:
- Use an application firewall that can detect attacks against this weakness. It can be beneficial in cases in which the code cannot be fixed (because it is controlled by a third party), as an emergency prevention measure while more comprehensive software assurance measures are applied, or to provide defense in depth [REF-1481].
CAPEC-175: Code Inclusion
An adversary exploits a weakness on the target to force arbitrary code to be retrieved locally or from a remote location and executed. This differs from code injection in that code injection involves the direct inclusion of code while code inclusion involves the addition or replacement of a reference to a code file, which is subsequently loaded by the target and used as part of the code of some application.
CAPEC-201: Serialized Data External Linking
An adversary creates a serialized data file (e.g. XML, YAML, etc...) that contains an external data reference. Because serialized data parsers may not validate documents with external references, there may be no checks on the nature of the reference in the external data. This can allow an adversary to open arbitrary files or connections, which may further lead to the adversary gaining access to information on the system that they would normally be unable to obtain.
CAPEC-228: DTD Injection
An attacker injects malicious content into an application's DTD in an attempt to produce a negative technical impact. DTDs are used to describe how XML documents are processed. Certain malformed DTDs (for example, those with excessive entity expansion as described in CAPEC 197) can cause the XML parsers that process the DTDs to consume excessive resources resulting in resource depletion.
CAPEC-251: Local Code Inclusion
The attacker forces an application to load arbitrary code files from the local machine. The attacker could use this to try to load old versions of library files that have known vulnerabilities, to load files that the attacker placed on the local machine during a prior attack, or to otherwise change the functionality of the targeted application in unexpected ways.
CAPEC-252: PHP Local File Inclusion
The attacker loads and executes an arbitrary local PHP file on a target machine. The attacker could use this to try to load old versions of PHP files that have known vulnerabilities, to load PHP files that the attacker placed on the local machine during a prior attack, or to otherwise change the functionality of the targeted application in unexpected ways.
CAPEC-253: Remote Code Inclusion
The attacker forces an application to load arbitrary code files from a remote location. The attacker could use this to try to load old versions of library files that have known vulnerabilities, to load malicious files that the attacker placed on the remote machine, or to otherwise change the functionality of the targeted application in unexpected ways.
CAPEC-263: Force Use of Corrupted Files
This describes an attack where an application is forced to use a file that an attacker has corrupted. The result is often a denial of service caused by the application being unable to process the corrupted file, but other results, including the disabling of filters or access controls (if the application fails in an unsafe way rather than failing by locking down) or buffer overflows are possible.
CAPEC-538: Open-Source Library Manipulation
Adversaries implant malicious code in open source software (OSS) libraries to have it widely distributed, as OSS is commonly downloaded by developers and other users to incorporate into software development projects. The adversary can have a particular system in mind to target, or the implantation can be the first stage of follow-on attacks on many systems.
CAPEC-549: Local Execution of Code
An adversary installs and executes malicious code on the target system in an effort to achieve a negative technical impact. Examples include rootkits, ransomware, spyware, adware, and others.
CAPEC-640: Inclusion of Code in Existing Process
The adversary takes advantage of a bug in an application failing to verify the integrity of the running process to execute arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process. The adversary could use running code in the context of another process to try to access process's memory, system/network resources, etc. The goal of this attack is to evade detection defenses and escalate privileges by masking the malicious code under an existing legitimate process. Examples of approaches include but not limited to: dynamic-link library (DLL) injection, portable executable injection, thread execution hijacking, ptrace system calls, VDSO hijacking, function hooking, reflective code loading, and more.
CAPEC-660: Root/Jailbreak Detection Evasion via Hooking
An adversary forces a non-restricted mobile application to load arbitrary code or code files, via Hooking, with the goal of evading Root/Jailbreak detection. Mobile device users often Root/Jailbreak their devices in order to gain administrative control over the mobile operating system and/or to install third-party mobile applications that are not provided by authorized application stores (e.g. Google Play Store and Apple App Store). Adversaries may further leverage these capabilities to escalate privileges or bypass access control on legitimate applications. Although many mobile applications check if a mobile device is Rooted/Jailbroken prior to authorized use of the application, adversaries may be able to "hook" code in order to circumvent these checks. Successfully evading Root/Jailbreak detection allows an adversary to execute administrative commands, obtain confidential data, impersonate legitimate users of the application, and more.
CAPEC-695: Repo Jacking
An adversary takes advantage of the redirect property of directly linked Version Control System (VCS) repositories to trick users into incorporating malicious code into their applications.
CAPEC-698: Install Malicious Extension
An adversary directly installs or tricks a user into installing a malicious extension into existing trusted software, with the goal of achieving a variety of negative technical impacts.